肠道菌群与肠易激综合征相关研究进展

肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)是一种功能性肠病,目前已有研究表明IBS的致病机制、症状的产生和持续时间可能与肠道菌群失调有关,且不同IBS亚型患者体内的肠道菌群种类有差异。IBS的发病机制尚不完全清楚,临床表现存在较大的个体差异。IBS的诊断和治疗尚未形成统一的标准。但已经有较多研究提示IBS可能与胃肠道动力、内脏高敏感性、肠道免疫反应和模式识别受体等密切相关,并且可以通过益生菌、益生元、抗生素、粪菌移植和饮食习惯等调节肠道菌群的失调,从而改善IBS的症状。这也为未来治疗IBS提供了新的思路。本文就肠道菌群的概况、IBS患者肠道菌群的特点、肠道菌群失衡导致IBS发病的可能机制以及IBS肠道菌群的相关治疗方法的研究进展作一综述。

Progress in research on intestinal flora and irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is a kind of functional bowel diseases. The pathogenesis, symptoms and persistence of IBS may be related to intestinal flora imbalance, and the types of intestinal flora in different IBS subtypes are different. At present, the pathogenesis of IBS is still unclear, and the clinical manifestations are quite individually different. There have not yet been unified standards for the diagnosis and treatment of IBS. However, many studies suggested that IBS may be closely related to gastrointestinal motility, visceral hypersensitivity, intestinal immune response and pattern recognition receptors, and can be improved through regulation of intestinal flora imbalance by probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, fecal bacteria transplantation and dietary habits, which provides a new idea for the future treatment of IBS. This article reviewed the progress in researches on the overview and characteristics intestinal flora in IBS patients, the possible mechanisms of intestinal flora imbalance leading to IBS, and the treatment of IBS intestinal flora.