Modelling foliage characteristics in 3D tree crowns: influence on light interception and leaf irradiance |
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Authors: | Claude-Eric Parveaud Jérôme Chopard Jean Dauzat Benoît Courbaud Daniel Auclair |
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Institution: | (1) INRA, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, 34000, France;(2) Present address: S.E.Nu.R.A, Chatte, 38160, France;(3) Present address: INRIA, UMR DAP, Montpellier, 34000, France;(4) CIRAD, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, 34000, France;(5) Cemagref, Unité de Recherche “Ecosystèmes Montagnards”, Saint-Martin-d’Hères, 38400, France;(6) INRA, UMR AMAP (botAnique et bioinforMatique de l’Architecture des Plantes), TA A-51/PS2, Bd. de la Lironde, Montpellier cedex 5, 34398, France |
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Abstract: | Because of the difficulty and time involved in making exhaustive measurements of the geometric parameters of large tree crowns,
simplifying hypotheses are often used in 3D virtual plant modelling, but the effects on the radiation balance of each approximation
are rarely assessed. Three hybrid walnut trees aged 7–9 years were digitized to analyse the effect of the crown geometric
variables on light capture. The six studied variables were: (1) leaf area, (2) number of leaves per annual shoot, (3) position
of leaves, (4) orientation of leaves, (5) leaflet inclination, and (6) lamina shape. For each variable, a sensitivity analysis
compared a reference, based on observed values, with scenarios consisting of simplifying hypotheses. The total incident light
intercepted during a bright day and the distributions of leaf irradiance were calculated using the Archimed radiative transfer
model. Since some of the crown parameters were generated stochastically, the radiation simulations were repeated until results
stabilised. Simplified models can be used to calculate with satisfactory results individual leaf area and number of leaves
per shoot. Conversely, differentiating statistical distributions of individual leaf area between short and long shoots is
more difficult and may generate errors up to 30%. Leaf clumping is a determining factor and requires correct grouping of leaves
around the annual shoots bearing them. The effect of position of leaves along the shoot is less than 2%. Simple statistical
distributions are adequate for representing leaf angle. Finally, the effect of specific leaf geometry is very important, but
it can be approached using a limited number of representative leaf shapes. |
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Keywords: | Sensitivity analysis Leaf irradiance Crown reconstruction Leaf clumping Juglans regia × nigra |
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