海南山蛭对土壤湿度和气温的适应

在室内以土壤湿度梯度作为海南山蛭Haemadipsa hainana的栖息试验表明，海南山蛭栖息于含水量的15.1％－16.77％水分的土壤表面；野外调查表明，海南岛橡胶林内海南山蛭栖息于16.54％－17.66％含水量的土壤表面；热带雨林者栖息于19.92%-25.73%含水量的土壤，室内实验表明，海南山蛭爬向30－35℃温度范围，占试验蛭数79.15％，在8－9℃不活动，10℃能山蛭活动，随温度升高活动蛭数增加，而15℃试验蛭答部活动，活动蛭数与温度关系为Y－18.6Z-172.3,R-0.976,P=0.01。在橡胶林内8－9℃山蛭不活动；10℃开始有山蛭活动，且随温度升高活动蛭数增加，当17℃时所有山蛭活动，活动蛭数与温度关系Y＝4.73X-3.97,R=0.93,P=0.1。首次使用土壤湿度梯度测定山蛭对土壤湿度的要求，这是一个新的有普遍意义的方法，并讨论了海南山蛭对土壤湿度气温的适应。

The adaptation of leech(Haemadipsa hainana)to temperature and soil humidity

Haemadipsa hainana is exposed to a soil humidity gradient in the laboratory. The result show that the soil water content of H. hainana habit is ranging from 15.1% to 16.77%.The field investigation in the rubber plantation show that its suitable habit is with soil water content from 16.54% to 17.66%.In the tropical rainforest its habit soil water content is ranging from 19.2% to 25.75%. Observation in door shows that non of H.hainana is active at temperature 8℃ to 9℃, leech begin to active at 10℃，all leech are active at 15℃, active number increases with increasing temperature within the observed temperature rang 79.15% of leech crawls towards 30℃ to 35℃.Adaptation of leech to temperature and soil humidity is discussed.