Drought alters the canopy architecture and micro-climate of Hevea brasiliensis trees |
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Authors: | A S Devakumar P Gawai Prakash M B M Sathik James Jacob |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Physiology Division, Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam-686 009, India Fax: +0481 578317, IN;(2) Regional Research Station, Thane District, Dapchari, Maharastra, India, IN |
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Abstract: | In this study a comparison of the canopy architecture and the growth and distribution of roots was made in 10-year-old trees
of Hevea brasiliensis grown in a severely drought-prone area on the west coast of India under rainfed and irrigated conditions. LAI and light interception
increased significantly in the irrigated compared to the rainfed trees. Girth and height of the tree were 29 and 19% more
while width and height of the canopy were 19 and 20% more in the irrigated than rainfed trees. There were 22% more primary
branches which had 26% more diameter in the irrigated trees than rainfed trees. The branches were inserted on the main trunk
at an angle of 58.36° in the irrigated and 44.22° in rainfed trees. The above changes led to more light penetration which
altered the light distribution inside the rainfed trees during summer and inhibited leaf photosynthesis particularly in the
top canopy leaves. In the rainfed trees most of the growth occurred during the short favorable season immediately after the
monsoon between June and October and no growth or even shrinking of the trunk was seen during summer. In the irrigated trees
a higher growth was seen throughout the year and summer had no adverse effect. Although there was some difference in the root
distribution pattern, the total root density per unit soil volume did not vary between the irrigated and rainfed trees.
Key words Hevea brasiliensis· Drought · Crown architecture · Micro-climate · Root growth
Received: 8 May 1998 / Accepted 8 October 1998 |
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