六种藜科植物提取物对植物病原菌的抑制活性

研究了角果藜（ Ceratocarpus arenarius）、盐穗木（ Halostachys caspica）、里海盐爪爪（ Kalidium caspicum） 、叉毛蓬（ Petrosimonia sibirica ）、盐角草（ Salicornia europaea ）和小叶碱蓬 （ Suaeda microphylla ）等六种新疆藜科植物提取物及其不同极性萃取部分对根癌土壤杆菌（Agrobacterium tumefaciens ）、黄瓜角斑病菌（P Pseudomonas lachrymarts）、番茄疮痂病菌（ Xanthomonas vesicatoria ） 等植物病原细菌以及杨树溃疡病菌（ Botryosphaeria dothidea ）、棉花枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum ）、稻纹枯病菌（Rhizoctonia solani）等病原真菌的抑制活性。结果显示角果藜、叉毛蓬和盐角草乙醇粗提物表现出一定抗细菌活性，其中以叉毛蓬和盐角草提取物对黄瓜角斑病菌的抑制活性最强。多数植物提取物及其不同极性萃取部分对杨树溃疡病菌表现出强的抑制活性。抗真菌活性成分主要存在于供试植物的石油醚、氯仿和正丁醇萃取部分中，提示活性成分为极性中等的化合物。角果藜和盐角草乙醇粗提物及其不同极性萃取部分对供试真菌有较好的抑制活性。

Inhibitory Activity of Extracts and Fractions from Six Chenopodiaceous Plants on Plant Pathogens

Crude ethanol extracts and different polar fractions of six chenopodiaceous plant species (I. E. Ceratocarpus arenarius,Halostachys caspiea,Kalidium capsicum, Petrosimonia sibirica, Salicornia europaea and Suaeda microphylla) in Xinjiang of China were studied for their inhibitory activity against plant pathogenic bacteria( I. E. Agrobacterium tumefa-ciens,Pseudomonas lachrymans ,Xanthomonas vesicatoria) and pathogenic fungi(I. E. Botryosphaeria dothidea, Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Vasinfeclum,Rhizoctoian solani). The extracts of C. Arenarius ,P. Sibirica and S. Europaea showed the antibacterial activity. P. Sibirica and 5. Europaea extracts were demonstrated the strongest inhibitory activity on bacterium P. Lachrymans. Most of the extracts and fractions showed strong activity on B. Dothidea. Antifungal compounds existed in the either petroleum ether fraction or chloroform one. The ethanol crude extracts and fractions of C. Arenarius and S. Europaea showed the strongest antifungal activity against all test fungi.