<Emphasis Type="Italic">Monotropastrum humile</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">humile</Emphasis> is associated with diverse ectomycorrhizal Russulaceae fungi in Japanese forests |
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Authors: | Akiyoshi Yamada Daisei Kitamura Masanobu Setoguchi Yosuke Matsuda Yasushi Hashimoto Norihisa Matsushita Masaki Fukuda |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Nagano, Japan;(2) Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan;(3) Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan;(4) Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | Monotropastrum humile is nearly lacking in chlorophyll and obtains its nutrients, including carbon sources, from associated mycorrhizal fungi.
We analyzed the mycorrhizal fungal affinity and species diversity of M. humile var. humile mycorrhizae to clarify how the plant population survives in Japanese forest ecosystems. We classified 78 samples of adult
M. humile var. humile individuals from Hokkaido, Honshu, and Kyusyu Islands into 37 root mycorrhizal morphotypes. Of these, we identified 24 types
as Russula or Lactarius fungal taxa in the Russulaceae, Basidiomycetes, but we could not identify the remaining 13 types as to their genus in the
Basidiomycetes. The number of fungal species on M. humile var. humile was the highest in the plant subfamily. The diversity of fungal species revealed its increased trends in natural forests
at the stand level, fagaceous vegetation, and cool-temperate climate. The most frequently observed fungus colonized mainly
samples collected from sub-alpine forests; the second most frequently observed fungus colonized samples collected from sub-alpine
to warm-temperate forests. These results suggest that Japanese M. humile populations are associated with specific but diverse fungi that are common ectomycorrhizal symbionts of various forest canopy
trees, indicating a tripartite mycorrhizal relationship in the forest ecosystem. |
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Keywords: | Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis Fungal species diversity Myco-heterotrophy Non-photosynthetic plants Tripartite relationship |
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