Surveying nonvisual arrestins reveals allosteric interactions between functional sites |
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Authors: | James M Seckler Emily N Robinson Stephen J Lewis Alan Grossfield |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA;2. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA;3. Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA |
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Abstract: | Arrestins are important scaffolding proteins that are expressed in all vertebrate animals. They regulate cell-signaling events upon binding to active G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) and trigger endocytosis of active GPCRs. While many of the functional sites on arrestins have been characterized, the question of how these sites interact is unanswered. We used anisotropic network modeling (ANM) together with our covariance compliment techniques to survey all the available structures of the nonvisual arrestins to map how structural changes and protein-binding affect their structural dynamics. We found that activation and clathrin binding have a marked effect on arrestin dynamics, and that these dynamics changes are localized to a small number of distant functional sites. These sites include α-helix 1, the lariat loop, nuclear localization domain, and the C-domain β-sheets on the C-loop side. Our techniques suggest that clathrin binding and/or GPCR activation of arrestin perturb the dynamics of these sites independent of structural changes. |
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Keywords: | allostery anisotropic network modeling arrestin GPCR |
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