大鼠半乳糖性白内障动物模型制备方法的改良及其机制

目的改良大鼠半乳糖性白内障动物模型制备方法 ,比较改良前后两种方法各自的特点及其机制。方法 60只体重（180±10）g的雄性成年SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组（C）、半乳糖性白内障组1（G1）和半乳糖性白内障组2（G2）。G1组腹腔注射50%半乳糖溶液20mL/（kg·d）,连续30d;G2组第1周、第2周分别腹腔注射50%半乳糖溶液10、15mL/（kg·d）,第3周开始增至20mL/（kg·d）,直至第30d。应用裂隙灯观察晶体混浊情况,按大鼠晶状体混浊度评分标准进行分级和记录,并分别观察和比较不同制备方法的成模时间、模型成功率、模型死亡率和晶状体宏观形态变化以及SOD、MDA含量的变化。结果 G1和G2组模型死亡率分别为50%和10%,方法改良后死亡率显著降低;模型成功率分别为50%和90%,方法改良后成功率显著提高;两组模型晶状体混浊度一般为Ⅱ级或Ⅲ级;与C组比较,G1和G2组SOD、MDA含量的变化均有极显著差异（P﹤0.01）,而G2与G1组比较,差异不显著。结论半乳糖性白内障动物模型制备方法改良后,保留了改良前模型制备方法的优点,克服了改良前模型成活率低、死亡率高的缺点,是一种更为安全、可靠的模型制备方法 。

Improvement of Method of Establishing Rat＇s Galactose Cataract and Its Mechanism

Objective To improve the method of establishing rat＇s galactose cataract and to compare the characteristics and its mechanism of the two methods. Methods 60 adult male SD rats weighted （180 ± 10） g were randomly divided into normal control group（ C group）,the first galactose cataract group （ G1 group） and the second galactose cataract group（G2 group）. Rats in G1 group were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 50% galactose solution 20 mL/（kg·d）]each day for 30 d. Rats in G2 group were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 50% galactose solution 10 mL/（kg·d）]each day during the first week,and 15 mL/（kg·d）each day during the second week, and 20 mL/（kg·d） from the third week to 30 d. The transparency of all lenses of rats was observed under slit lamp and graded and recorded according to rat lens turbidity score standards. The changes of the success rate,mortality,the transparency of all lenses,the contents of SOD and MDA were compared between G1 and G2 group. Results Compared to G1 group,the mortality in rat models of G2 group was significantly decreased from 50% to 10% ,the success rate of it wassignificantly increased from 50% to 90% . The lenses of G1 and G2 group were in the Ⅱ-Ⅲ stage of cataract. Compared to C group,the contents of SOD of G1 and G2 group were significantly increased,and the contents of MDA of them were significantly decreased（P ﹤ 0. 01）. There were no significant difference of it between G1 and G2 group. Conclusion The method of establishing rat＇s galactose cataract of G2 group was a secure and reliable method,which remained the advantages of the method of G1 group and overcome the shortcomings of it with low survival rate and high mortality.