Remediation of AMD Contaminated Soil by Two Types of Reeds

Acid mine drainage (AMD) adversely impacts many regions in the world. The interactions among citric acid (CA), rhizosphere bacteria and metal uptake in different types of Phragmites australis cultured in spiked AMD contaminated soil were investigated. Compared with non-contaminated reeds cultured under the same conditions, wild reeds harvested from a contaminated site accumulated more metals into tissues. Rhizosphere iron oxidizing bacteria (Fe(II)OB) enhanced the development of Fe plaque but had no significant impact on the formation of Mn and Al plaque on the root surface of either reeds. Plaque may restrain the accumulation of Fe and Mn into tissues of reeds. CA inhibited the growth of Fe(II)OB, reduced the formation of metal plaque and significantly elevated metal accumulations into both underground and aboveground biomass of reeds. The concentrations of Fe, Al and Mn were higher in belowground organs than aboveground tissues. The roots contained 0.28 ± 0.01 mg/g Mn, 3.09 ± 0.51 mg/g Al, 94.47 ± 5.75 mg/g Fe, while the stems accumulated 0.19 ± 0.01 mg/g Mn, 1.34 ± 0.02 mg/g Al, 10.32 ± 0.60 mg/g Fe in wild reeds cultured in soil added with 33,616 ppm CA. Further field investigations may be required to study the effect of CA to enhance phytoremediation of metals from real AMD contaminated sites.     

典型喀斯特峰丛洼地不同植被恢复对土壤养分含量和微生物多样性的影响

以桂西北典型喀斯特峰丛洼地植被恢复过程中草丛、灌丛、次生林、原生林4个植被恢复阶段为研究对象,通过测定优势种的根际与非根际的土壤p H、养分含量及微生物多样性,探讨不同恢复阶段根际土壤养分的富集效应及土壤微生物多样性的变化特征。研究结果表明:(1)4个恢复阶段的根际与非根际土壤养分均呈现显著差异;土壤有效态养分较全量养分对植物根际微小的变化响应更为灵敏;大多数养分表现出明显的富集效应,AP和AK在原生林的富集率明显高于其他恢复阶段;(2)4个恢复阶段细菌Shannon-Wiener指数(H)、丰富度指数(S)均高于真菌,根际土壤细菌与真菌Shannon-Wiener指数(H)、丰富度指数(S)与Pielou均匀度(EH)都高于非根际土壤;(3)4个恢复阶段土壤TN分别与p H、SOC、AN呈极显著正相关(P0.01),磷素、钾素与土壤微生物多样性呈显著相关(P0.05)。可研究结果为西南喀斯特脆弱区土壤生态功能恢复与植被恢复重建提供科学依据。     

4株茶树根际促生菌菌株的鉴定及促生作用

【背景】根际促生菌可以促进植物生长、提高植物抗性。茶树根际具有特殊的根土微生物生境,可以获得具促生作用的有益微生物。【目的】探究4株茶树根际促生菌菌株的分类地位及促生作用,筛选优良的根际促生菌菌株。【方法】通过形态、生理生化特征、16S rRNA基因序列同源性比对鉴定4株茶树根际促生菌,采用钼锑抗比色法测定溶磷量,通过比色法测定ACC脱氨酶活性、CAS法测定产铁载体能力、Salkowski法测定产IAA (Indoleacetic acid)的能力进行促生作用研究,通过盆栽实验测试白菜、空心菜、苋菜及水稻的株高及鲜重以分析促生效应。【结果】鉴定KKS-6-N1为放射型土壤杆菌(Agrobacteriumradiobacter), KKS-7-N7为铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa),GD3为Pseudomonashunanensis,GD12为弯曲芽孢杆菌(Bacillusflexus)。固氮菌株KKS-6-N1可产铁载体;固氮菌株KKS-7-N7具有解磷及产铁载体能力,分泌的IAA含量高达101.29mg/L;解钾菌株GD3具溶磷能力,分泌的ACC脱氨酶酶活为8.09μmol/(mg·h),相对铁载体含量为0.31;具固氮解钾性能的菌株GD12分泌的ACC脱氨酶活性为14.46μmol/(mg·h)。盆栽试验表明,4个菌株对白菜、空心菜、苋菜的株高和鲜重均有明显促进作用,尤以GD3效果更甚。【结论】茶树根际促生菌菌株Pseudomonas hunanensis GD3促生作用显著,具有开发成微生物菌肥的潜力。