硬基网柄菌Dictyostelium firmibasis生活史的研究

本文研究了网柄细胞状黏菌中国新记录种硬基网柄菌Dictyostelium firmibasis从孢子-黏变形体-细胞集群-假原质团-成熟孢堆果的无性生活循环过程。结果表明：该种细胞状黏菌孢子萌发至少需要8h,孢子萌发释放出具有不规则形状的黏变形体,黏变形体无色并进行不规则的高速运动;黏变形体细胞集群为典型的辐射状;孢堆果对光极为敏感,在成熟发育期微弱的光刺激便会导致子实体生长畸形或停止生长并死亡;从集群开始形成到孢堆果成熟持续约12-14h,完成一个完整的生活史循环约需36-38h。     

网柄细胞状黏菌纯化培养基的改进

网柄细胞状黏菌传统的分离培养是在添加细菌的培养基上进行的。选取了9种网柄细胞状黏菌作为研究对象,在不饲喂任何细菌的条件下于3种培养基上进行培养,通过对生长状态的比较,发现燕麦片琼脂培养基对于纯化网柄细胞状黏菌具有较好的效果。     

Macrocyst formation in three dictyostelid species,Dictyostelium monochasioides, Polysphondylium candidum, andP. pseudo-candidum

Macrocyst formation in the sexual cycle was found in three dictyostelid species:Dictyostelium monochasioides, Polysphondylium candidum, andP. pseudo-candidum. Mating tests suggested thatD. monochasioides andP. pseudocandidum were heterothallic andP. candidum was homothallic. The primary walls of macrocysts had partially or fully degenerated, while the inner walls, believed to be tertiary walls, showed an undulate structure.     

网柄细胞状黏菌生态学的研究进展

网柄细胞状黏菌(简称网柄菌)是黏菌的第二大类群,对其生态特征的研究有助于深入了解这类生物适宜的生存条件和人类活动的影响。本文回顾了1869年至今的网柄菌生态学研究历史,从地理因素、植被因素、生物因素三个角度,探讨了影响网柄菌物种丰度和多度的生态因素,从而为土壤及凋落物中黏菌的物种多样性保护提供参考。     

网柄细胞状黏菌生物学特性及其应用研究进展

网柄细胞状黏菌是一类介于植物和动物之间的原生生物。尽管形态微小,但因为同时具有动物细胞和植物细胞的特点,且生命周期短暂易重复,故而对其进行生物学特性及应用的研究具有重要价值。本文从网柄细胞状黏菌的生活史循环、生物学特性、生态多样性、在医学和药物领域的探索及其与其他微生物关系等5个方面探讨网柄细胞状黏菌的生物学特性及应用的研究进展及意义,展望网柄细胞状黏菌未来在医学和生态等方面的研究前景及其潜在的应用价值,旨在为我国网柄细胞状黏菌同其他领域的交叉研究相结合提供视野,探索其在促进人类的科学进步、改善生活环境及攻克疾病方面的作用及意义。     

Global distribution of forest soil dictyostelids

Aim The goal of this project was to compile, organize, and present the known distributional data on the dictyostelid cellular slime moulds (CSMs) found in forest soils worldwide. The question of what factors influence CSM distribution patterns was also addressed. Location CSMs have been recovered from soils of temperate deciduous forest, tropical deciduous and seasonal evergreen rainforest, boreal coniferous forest, and tundra by various investigators around the world. Methods Within each of these four biomes, various locations around the world have been sampled by a number of investigators. The current study attempts to synthesize the known dictyostelid distributional data and present specific patterns of distribution. Results Worldwide, sixty-five species of CSM were found to occupy various forest soils. These species’ distributions fell into one of four categories: cosmopolitan, disjunct, restricted, and pantropical. Main conclusions Global CSM distribution patterns are influenced by a variety of factors other than the biota (including but not restricted to climate, latitude, altitude, soil pH, and soil-forming parent materials). The current study supports the thesis that organic inputs from specific plant associations and animal vectors have an important role as well.