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1.
目的测定不同生态环境中铜绿丽金龟幼虫肠道细菌产消化酶活性。方法采用平板透明圈法和分光光度计法。结果平板透明圈法测得废弃菜园和花生田中铜绿丽金龟幼虫肠道细菌产蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性差异无统计学意义(F=1.089、0.4963,P0.05),而细菌的产纤维素酶活性有显著差异,其中花生田铜绿丽金龟幼虫肠道中分离到的粘质沙雷菌产酶活性显著高于其他菌株;分光光度计测得的不同生态环境中铜绿丽金龟幼虫肠道细菌的产蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性差异均有统计学意义(F=461.565、42.349、18.7673,P0.05)。从变异系数来看,分光光度计法测得的蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶的变异程度较低,而脂肪酶测定时平板透明圈法的变异系数较低。结论平板透明圈法和分光光度计法均可用于铜绿丽金龟幼虫肠道细菌产消化酶活性测定。通过分析研究比较,分光光度计法适于测定细菌的产蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性,平板透明圈法适于测定细菌的产脂肪酶活性。  相似文献   
2.
海水中苯扎溴铵除藻剂的紫外可见分光光度法测定   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Benzalkonium bromide is a high-efficiency algaecide. Its concentration in seawater was measured by the method of spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the deposition appeared if the concentration of benzalkonium bromide in seawater was more than 50mg- L- 1 and affected the detection of benzalkonium bromide. But, there was a good linear relationship between concentration and absorbanee when the concentration was lower than 50mg-L-1 (R2= 0. 9996). Therefore, spectrophotometer could be used to detect benzalkonium bromide in seawater.  相似文献   
3.
A new optical spectrophotometer has been developed, based on a recently patented monochromator for spectral measurements of clear and, in particular, of turbid materials in the millisecond time range. The number of optical and mechanical components of the spectrophotometer has been reduced to a minimum, resulting in excellent light throughput, a low stray-light level, low cost, compactness and rigidity. The spectrophotometer has been designed for all kinds of spectral measurements such as absorption, transmission, reflection and luminescence/radiation in a single-beam mode as documented by several examples. In principle, there is no restriction of wavelengths, ranging from UV to NIR and up to the IR range. As many functions as possible are relocated from the hardware to the software part of the design, which allows for extraordinary flexibility and simplicity. An appropriate computer program providing data acquisition, control and calibration functions as well as real-time display of spectra has been developed on the basis of a compiler language; indispensable “fast routines” are written in assembler language.Presented at the joint meeting of the German Botanical Society and the German Zoological Society entitled: Spectroscopy and Optical Techniques in Animal and Plant Biology, Münster, 30th Sept-3rd October 1996  相似文献   
4.
Experiments were conducted both under in vitro and in situ conditions to determine the biodegradation potential of button mushroom spent substrate (SMS) and its dominating microbes (fungi and bacteria) for carbendazim and mancozeb, the commonly used agricultural fungicides. During 6 days of incubation at 30 ± 2°C under broth culture conditions, highest degradation of carbendazim (17.45%) was recorded with B-1 bacterial isolate, while highest degradation of mancozeb (18.05%) was recorded with Trichoderma sp. In fungicide pre-mixed sterilized SMS, highest degradation of carbendazim (100.00–66.50 μg g−1) was recorded with mixed inoculum of Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus sp., whereas highest degradation of mancozeb (100.00–50.50 μg g−1) was with mixed inoculum of Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp. and B–I bacterial isolate in 15 days of incubation at 30 ± 2°C. All these microbes both individually as well as in different combinations grew well and produced extracellular lignolytic enzymes on SMS, which helped in fungicides degradation. Under in situ conditions, among three different proportions of SMS (10, 20 and 30%, w/w) mixed with fungicide pre-mixed soil (100 μg g−1 of soil), the degradation of carbendazim was highest in 30% SMS treatment, while for mancozeb it was in 20% SMS treatment. The residue levels of both fungicides decreased to half of their initial concentration after 1 month of SMS mixing.  相似文献   
5.
小杜鹃对强脚树莺的巢寄生及其卵色模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Yang CC  Cai Y  Liang W 《动物学研究》2010,31(5):555-560
于1999-2009年的鸟类繁殖季(4-8月)对贵州宽阔水自然保护区内的强脚树莺(Cettia fortipes)的繁殖进行监测,并采用光纤光谱仪,通过主成分分析、反射光谱、罗宾逊投射等方法对强脚树莺的卵色与小杜鹃(Cuculus poliocephalus)对其寄生的卵色模拟程度进行分析。研究结果表明,强脚树莺的繁殖成效在不同年份间均无显著差异,但其巢被捕食率和巢被寄生率都较高,分别为49.26%和9.18%。通过反射光谱分析,表明小杜鹃卵在色调和色度上高度模拟强脚树莺的卵,但其亮度高于宿主卵,而且在人眼无法探测的紫外光部分存在差异。  相似文献   
6.
A simple apparatus for measuring the magnetism of magnetotactic bacteria was developed with a common laboratory spectrophotometer, which was based on measuring the change in light scattering resulting from cell alignment in a magnetic field. A multiple coils were built around the cuvette holder of the spectrophotometer to compensate geomagnetic field and to generate two mutually perpendicular magnetic fields. In addition, we defined a novel magnetism parameter, R(mag), by modifying the definition of C(mag) to a normalized parameter with the culture absorbance obtained without application of magnetic field. The number of magnetosomes in each cell was determined by transmission electron microscopy to assess the relationship between the two magnetism parameters and the distribution of magnetosomes in the cells. We found that both R(mag) and C(mag) were linearly correlated rather with the percentage of magnetosome-containing bacteria than with the average magnetosome numbers, and R(mag) exhibited a better linearity than C(mag) with respect to the percentage of magnetosome-containing bacteria.  相似文献   
7.
以鸟类视觉模型揭示中杜鹃对冠纹柳莺的卵色模拟(英文)   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Yang CC  Cai Y  Liang W 《动物学研究》2011,32(4):451-455
于2009年4—7月,采用光谱仪量化卵色和建立鸟类视觉模型的方法,在贵州宽阔水自然保护区对中杜鹃(Cuculus saturatus)寄生冠纹柳莺(Phylloscopus reguloides)的卵色模拟进行了研究。中杜鹃产白色卵带极少数而微小的棕色斑,明显大于宿主卵,重2.06g,体积1.91cm3。从人眼看,中杜鹃卵对宿主卵在很大程度上是模拟的,但视觉模型表明,两者的卵色在色调和色度上都完全分离,揭示了人眼探测不到的卵色模拟情况。该文首次对中杜鹃的雏鸟特征进行描述,在4日龄以后雏鸟嘴裂中出现三角形黑斑,并随着日龄的增长而更加明显,这种特征在霍氏中杜鹃(C.optatus)的雏鸟中也存在,但未见于其他种类的杜鹃雏鸟。  相似文献   
8.
This study analysed heavy metals from little egret (Egretta garzetta). Egret’s Eggs, egg shells, food (fish and insects), blood, meat samples (thigh, liver, and chest), water, soil and sediments samples were collected from the two selected sites of the study area. Samples were analysed on flame atomic absorption spectrometer after acid digestion. Detected metals were found almost inline of concentrations when compared with the both sites. Among detected metals Mn was found higher in concentration (µg/g) i.e. 18.509 followed by Zn i.e. 9.383, Ni, Cu, Pb and Cd. Sediment exhibited higher levels (µg/g) of metals (25.061) followed by the meat (19.044) egrets food (18.825), excreta (16.26), blood serums (4.577), eggs (3.626) and water samples (2.432).The level of metals in sediments of the study are showed environmental concerns. Health risks were also investigated that were compared to guidelines of WHO and FAO threshold limits. It was found a marginal health risk to life through detected metals. This study revealed that little egret are good bio-indicator for the screening and investigation of contaminates presence in the environment.  相似文献   
9.
采用紫外-可见分光光度计法进行了高速逆流色谱技术分离芦荟多糖的溶剂系统研究,得出了高速逆流色谱分离芦荟多糖的溶剂系统为w(PEG600)∶w(KH2PO4)∶w(K2HPO4)∶w(H2O)=5∶15∶15∶65,加入NaCl的质量分数为2%。在水浴温度30℃,转速600 r/min,下相流速为2 mL/min的条件下,采用高速逆流色谱技术成功分离出芦荟多糖粗品,得到APS-1和APS-2两个组分,经Sephadex G-100凝胶柱层析技术和高效凝胶渗透色谱技术初步分析:APS-1和APS-2均为单一组分。  相似文献   
10.
A new generation of spectrophotometers able to measure a wide range of absorbance in microliter aliquots is currently used for the determination of DNA, RNA, and proteins. The object of this article is to show that these instruments could be easily adapted for routine evaluation of enzymes and metabolites in 1–2-μl volumes of biological samples.  相似文献   
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