巨刺螨属一新种（蜱螨亚纲：巨刺螨科）

本文记述巨刺螨属一新种,红河巨刺螨Ｍａｃｒｏｎｙｓｓｕｓｈｏｎｇｈｅｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ采自云南省红河自治州建水县的果蝠Ｒｏｕｓｅｔｔｕｓｓｐ．体上,存于南京大学医学院寄生虫学教研室。     

肪刺螨属一新种记述及中国已知种检索(中气门目,巨刺螨科)

记述采自海南的小黄蝠Scotophilus temmincki(Horsfield,1824)体表的寄生革螨1新种:吊罗肪刺螨Steatonyssus diaoluoensis sp.nov,.文中给出了中国肪刺螨亚属Steatonyssus 已知种检索表.研究标本保存于贵州大学昆虫研究所标本馆.     

中国巨刺螨属一新种和雷氏巨刺螨的重新描述(中气门目,巨刺螨科)(英文)

记述了采自广西的扁颅蝠Tylonycteris robustula(Thomas,1915)体表的寄生革螨1新种:拟雷氏巨刺螨Macronyssus pararadovskyi Tian,Jin et Zhang,sp.nov..新种与雷氏巨刺螨Macronyssus radovskyi(Domrow,1963)近似,二者的区别在于:新种背毛有27对,具有Z3;雌螨生殖腹板具有3根副毛,或部分标本为1根副毛在板的末端,另1对副毛位于板外;雄螨胸生殖腹板上具有4对胸毛和20根腹毛.而雷氏巨刺螨背毛有26对,不具有Z3.雌螨生殖腹板不具有副毛,即副毛均不在生殖腹板上;雄螨胸生殖腹板上具有4对胸毛和18根腹毛.另外,依据采自广西褐扁颅蝠Tylonycterispachypus(Temminck,1840)体表的标本,对雷氏巨刺螨Macronyssus radovskyi(Domrow,1963)的雌、雄螨成体和第1若螨进行了重新描述.所有标本均保存于贵州大学昆虫研究所标本馆.     

Northern fowl mite orientation in a thermal gradient and evidence for idiothetic course control

Abstract.  The northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum , is an ectoparasite of birds and a poultry pest. The ability of northern fowl mites to orientate to a heat source is investigated with individual mites video-recorded in two-dimensional arenas and exposed to spatial or temporal heat gradients. Recorded tracks are digitally analysed for variation in linear velocity, mean direction of movement, and patterns in angular displacement. Mean direction of movement in a spatial gradient is significantly associated with the position of the heat source for 24/29 mites tested ( P  < 0.05), whereas most control (no heat) mean bearings are randomly distributed (16/25; P  > 0.1). Angular displacement that orientates a mite towards the heat source is positively correlated with the preceding deviation from that direction ( P  < 0.01). Angular displacement away from the heat source is random. The temporal heat gradient is such that no spatial reference to the heat source exists within the plane of the arena. Mites in an ambient (27 °C) to heated (30 °C) transition have angular displacement distributions similar to control mites (ambient to ambient transition). However, mites in a heated to ambient transition execute angular displacements approximately 25° greater than mites in the other treatments ( P  < 0.03). Mites compare the shift in temperature over time and alter their direction of movement by a programmed (idiothetic) response to a decrease in temperature, rather than through detection of the spatial position of the gradient (allothetic).     

山西省蝙蝠体上的革螨及巨刺螨属二新种的记述(蜱螨亚纲:蝠螨科、巨刺螨科)

在山西省的蝙蝠体上共采得5属7种革螨:赛蝠螨Spinturnix psi(Kolenati,1856)与宽埃螨Eyndhovenis euryalis(Canestrini,1884)隶属于蝠螨科Spinturnicidae Oudemans,1902;另5种隶属巨刺螨科Macronyssidae Oudemans,1936:长刺肪刺螨Steatonyssus longispinosus Wang,1963、中华肪刺螨S.sinensis Teng,1980、盾板浆刺螨Ichoronyssus scutatus(Kolenati,1856)、四棘巨刺螨新种Macronyssus quadrispinosus sp.nov.与太原巨刺螨新种M.taiyuanensis sp.nov.。文中列出了各螨的宿主及采集纪录,对2个新种巨刺螨加以绘图描述,并讨论了它们的鉴别特征。     

Housing and dustbathing effects on northern fowl mites (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) and chicken body lice (Menacanthus stramineus) on hens

Hen housing (cage or cage-free) did not impact overall abundances of northern fowl mites, Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini & Fanzago) (Acari: Macronyssidae), or chicken body lice, Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzsch) (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae). Cage-free hens received a dustbox with sand plus diatomaceous earth (DE), kaolin clay or sulphur. Weekly use varied from none to 100% of hens; 73% of hens used the dustbox at least once. Ectoparasite populations on dustbathing hens (users) were compared with those on non-user cage-free and caged hens. All materials reduced ectoparasites on user hens by 80-100% after 1 week of dustbox use. Diatomaceous earth and kaolin failed to reduce ectoparasites on non-user hens, and ectoparasites on user hens recovered after dustbox removal. A sulphur dustbox eliminated mites from all hens (including non-users) within 2-4 weeks. Residual sulphur controlled mites until the end of the experiment (up to 9 weeks), even after the dustbox was removed. Louse populations on hens using the sulphur dustbox were reduced in 1-2 weeks. Residual sulphur effects were less evident in lice, but the use of a sulphur dustbox by a higher proportion of hens extended louse control to all hens. This is the first experimental study to show that bird dustbathing in naturally and widely available dust materials (particularly kaolin) can suppress ectoparasites and thus the behaviour is probably adaptive.     

宁夏巨刺螨属一新种(蜱螨亚纲,巨刺螨科)

记述巨刺螨属1新种:泾源巨刺螨Macronyssus jingyuanensis sp.nov.标本采自宁夏回族自治区泾源县西峡区伏翼Pipistrellus sp.体,保存于军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所昆虫标本馆。     

中国蝠螨属一新种及肪刺螨属一新纪录（蝉螨亚纲：蝠螨科，巨刺螨科）

本文报道采自新疆蝙蝠的革螨一新种,即类柯幅螨Ｓｐｉｎｔｕｒｎｉｘｋｏｌｅｎａｔｏｉｄｅｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,中国一新纪录,盖氏肪刺螨ＳｔｅａｔｏｎｙｓｓｕｓｇａｉｓｌｅｒｉＤｕｓｂａｂｅｋ,１９７０。新种与柯氏蝠螨ＳｐｉｎｔｕｒｎｉｘｋｏｌｅｎａｔｉｉＯｕｄｅｍａｎｓ,１９１０相似。     

蜘蛛寄生革螨1新属2新种(蜱螨亚纲:巨刺螨科)

报道巨刺螨科Macronyssidae 1新属2新种:广西蛛刺螨 Arachnyssus guang.riensis gen.et sp. nov.和虎纹蛛刺螨 Arachnyssus huwenae gen.et sp. nov., 均寄生于虎纹捕鸟蛛 Ormthoctonus huwena Wang et al., 1993。