中华绒螯蟹Dmrt基因保守区段的克隆和序列分析

Dmrt基因家族是一个与性别决定和发育相关的基因家族,在不同进化类型的生物中具有相当的保守性。采用PCR技术,扩增了中华绒螯蟹Dmrt基因的DM结构域。经序列分析,获得了Dmrt基因家族的4个成员基因EsDmrt2a、EsDmrt2b、EsDmrt2c和EsDmrt5。结果表明,不同进化地位动物的Dmrt2和Dmrt2基因DM域编码序列存在高度的同源性,显示Dmrt基因在系统进化上高度保守,序列上的相似性可能暗示着它们在功能上的保守性。     

Gonadal sex differentiation and expression of Sox9a2, Dmrt1, and Foxl2 in Oryzias luzonensis

Oryzias luzonensis is closely related to the medaka, O. latipes. The sex of both species is determined by an XX‐XY system. However, the testis determining gene (DMY/Dmrt1bY) found in O. latipes does not exist in O. luzonensis. Instead, a different gene is thought to act as a testis determining gene. In this study, we focused the gonadal sex differentiation process in O. luzonensis under different testis determining gene. First, we observed the gonadal development of O. luzonensis histologically. We then analyzed the expression of Sox9a2/Sox9b, Dmrt1, and Foxl2 during early development. Our results suggest that the sexual differentiation of germ cells in O. luzonensis is initiated later than in O. latipes. However, the timing of the sexual differentiation of the supporting cell linage is similar between the species. genesis 47:289–299, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Expression characterization of testicular DMRT1 in both Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells of polyploid gibel carp

Dmrt1 has been suggested to play significant roles in sex determination and differentiation, but various expression patterns and cell types have been observed in the testis of vertebrates. Polyploid gibel carp, because of the multiple modes of unisexual gynogenesis and sexual reproduction, has become a unique case to explore the evolution of sex determination and differentiation. However, the sex-determination related genes in gibel carp have remained unknown. In this study, we identified and characterized 4 cDNAs of Dmrt1 genes. Subsequently, a polyclonal antibody specific to CagDMRT1 was prepared to examine its expression and distribution patterns at protein level. Significantly, both relative real-time PCR and Western blot detection confirmed predominant expression of CagDmrt1 in the adult testis of gibel carp. Moreover, the intensive expression of CagDMRT1 around spermatogenic cysts was revealed during spermatogenesis. And, following immunofluorescence co-localization of CagDMRT1 and CagVASA, a prominent CagDMRT1 expression in Sertoli cells and a mild CagDMRT1 expression in spermatogenic cells including spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes were clearly characterized. The CagDMRT1 signal in Sertoli cells is extensively distributed in both nuclei and cytoplasm, while the CagDMRT1 in spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes is mainly expressed in nuclei, and there is only the remained CagDMRT1 signal in the cytoplasm of secondary spermatocytes. These findings suggest that DMRT1 should be related to testis differentiation and spermatogenesis in gibel carp.     

Mice deficient in Dmrt7 show infertility with spermatogenic arrest at pachytene stage

Genes including DM domain regulate sexual development in diverse metazoan phyla. One of these genes, Dmrt7, was expressed only in testes of adult mice. To determine the role of Dmrt7 in mice, we generated Dmrt7-knockout mice (Dmrt7-/-). Although the Dmrt7-/- showed normal growth, null males were infertile. No sperm was detected in the epididymis of Dmrt7-/- adult males. Absence of spermatids in a histological analysis, decreased expression of Ccna1 mRNA and the accumulation of SCP3-positive spermatocytes showed the arrest of spermatogenesis at the pachytene stage in the Dmrt7-knockout mice.     

The expression pattern of a mouse doublesex-related gene is consistent with a role in gonadal differentiation

The signal for somatic sex determination in mammals, Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster is chromosomal, but the overall mechanisms do not appear to be conserved between the phyla. However it has been found quite recently that the C. elegans sex-determining gene Mab-3 contains a domain highly homologous to the Drosophila sex-determining gene doublesex (dsx) and shares a similar role. These data suggest that at least some aspects of the regulation of sex determination might be conserved. In humans, a doublesex-related gene (DMRT1) was identified at less than 30 kb from the critical region for sex reversal on chromosome 9p24 (TD9). In order to get insights into the role of DMRT1 in sex determination/differentiation, we have isolated DMRT1 mouse homologue (Dmrt1) and analysed its expression pattern. The gene is expressed in the genital ridges of both sexes during the sex-determining switch and it shows male/female dimorphism at late stages of sex differentiation.     

大头蛙4个Dmrt基因DM保守区的序列分析

Dm rt基因家族是新近发现的一个与性别决定相关的基因家族。该家族成员编码的蛋白质都含有一个具有DNA结合能力的保守基序?DM结构域,在性别决定和分化发育的调控中担负重要的功能。采用简并PCR技术扩增了大头蛙Dm rt基因的DM结构域,经序列分析,获得了Dm rt基因家族的4个成员LfDm rt1a,LfDm-rt1b,LfDm rt3,LfDm rt5。与其它动物相关的Dm rt基因进行氨基酸序列聚类分析,结果表明,不同进化地位动物的Dm rt基因DM域编码序列存在高度的同源性,显示Dm rt基因在系统进化上高度保守,序列上的相似性可能暗示它们在功能上的保守性。     

山地麻蜥7个Dmrt基因成员的克隆及序列分析

Dm rt基因家族是一个与性别决定相关的基因家族。该家族成员都含有一个具有DNA结合能力的保守基序———DM结构域,在性别决定和分化发育的调控中担负着重要的功能。本文采用简并PCR技术,扩增和克隆了山地麻蜥(Erem ias breuchleyi)基因组中的DM结构域,通过SSCP技术筛选和测序得到了7个具有不同DM序列的克隆。结果显示,在山地麻蜥基因组中存在着Dm rt基因家族的多个成员,与其他动物相关的Dm rt基因进行聚类分析,显示该基因家族在动物系统进化上具有高度的保守性。