Effect of 900-, 1800-, and 2100-MHz radiofrequency radiation on DNA and oxidative stress in brain

Ubiquitous and ever increasing use of mobile phones led to the growing concern about the effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted by cell phones on biological systems. The aim of this study is to explore whether long-term RFR exposure at different frequencies affects DNA damage and oxidant-antioxidant parameters in the blood and brain tissue of rats. 28 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (n = 7). They were identified as Group 1: sham-control, Group 2: 900 MHz, Group 3: 1800 MHz, and Group 4: 2100 MHz. Experimental groups of rats were exposed to RFR 2 h/day for 6 months. The sham-control group of rats was subjected to the same experimental condition but generator was turned off. Specific absorption rates (SARs) at brain with 1 g average were calculated as 0.0845 W/kg, 0.04563 W/kg, and 0.03957, at 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 2100 MHz, respectively. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) analyses were conducted in the brain tissue samples. Results of the study showed that DNA damage and oxidative stress indicators were found higher in the RFR exposure groups than in the sham-control group. In conclusion, 900-, 1800-, and 2100-MHz RFR emitted from mobile phones may cause oxidative damage, induce increase in lipid peroxidation, and increase oxidative DNA damage formation in the frontal lobe of the rat brain tissues. Furthermore, 2100-MHz RFR may cause formation of DNA single-strand breaks.     

2型猪链球菌srtBCD菌毛岛SSU2100基因的克隆表达与免疫学特性

【目的】研究2型猪链球菌(Streptococcus suis serotype 2,S.suis 2)野毒株05ZYH33的srtBCD菌毛岛菌毛亚蛋白SSU2100的免疫保护性作用。【方法】通过PCR扩增出SSU2100基因片段,将目的基因克隆到表达载体pET28a上,转化入E.coli BL21感受态中表达,亲和层析法纯化目的蛋白;Western blot检测SSU2100蛋白的免疫原性,重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,ELISA法检测多抗血清的效价及IgG亚型,研究重组蛋白的免疫保护作用。【结果】在原核系统成功表达出了SSU2100蛋白;ELISA结果显示重组蛋白能够刺激小鼠产生高效价的免疫抗体;动物实验表明该蛋白具有良好的免疫保护作用。【结论】菌毛亚蛋白SSU2100可以作为S.suis 2亚单位疫苗的候选分子,为系统地阐释srtBCD菌毛岛在S.suis 2致病机制中的作用奠定基础。     

应用Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer分析限制性显示技术制备的HIV片段库

使用Agilent 2 10 0Bioanalyzer分析限制性显示技术 (restrictiondisplay ,RD)制备的HIV片段库 .利用合适的限制酶从质粒上获得HIVB亚型代表株U2 6 94 2全基因cDNA ,然后将目的片段进行Sau3AⅠ消化 ,在消化得到的片段两端加接头 ,利用通用引物进行PCR扩增 ,扩增结果通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳以及Agilent 2 10 0Bioanalyzer两种方法分析 .结果显示 ,Agilent 2 10 0Bioanalyzer比琼脂糖凝胶电泳能更快速、直接和客观地反映RD技术制备的DNA片段的大小以及含量 ,并能对RD PCR过程中片段自身连接以及优势扩增的现象进行直接的监控作用 .     

Determination of cobalamins in biological material. II. The cobalamins in human plasma and erythrocytes after desalting on nonpolar adsorbent material, and separation by one-dimensional thin-layer chromatography

An improved method for determination of cobalamins in biological materials is described. The cobalamins are extracted with ethanol after preincubation with cadmium acetate, which inhibits nonspecific adsorption of hydroxocobalamin to proteins. The extracts are desalted on Amberlite XAD-2 columns, which at least doubles the capacity of the analysis, as compared to the previous phenol procedure. The cobalamins are separated by one-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. Bioautography with Escherichia coli strain 113-3 is performed after the light-sensitive cobalamins and hydroxocobalamin have been converted to sulfitocobalamin. This is done in order to ensure comparable growth responses to equal amounts of the cobalamins. Reference intervals of plasma and erythrocytes of healthy blood donors for methyl-, 5'-deoxyadenosyl-, cyano-, hydroxo/aquo-, and sulfitocobalamin are presented. The differences between the present and previous results are discussed.     

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和微流体芯片电泳鉴别6种液态奶

目的:研究6种液态奶制品蛋白电泳图谱的区别,建立奶制品的蛋白质学鉴别方法。方法:以5种纯牛奶、羊奶、水牛奶、骆驼奶、牦牛奶、黄豆浆为研究对象,通过SDS-PAGE和Agilent 2100微流体芯片电泳法进行分析比较。结果:骆驼奶、黄豆浆与其他研究对象的图谱有明显区别,而牛奶、羊奶、水牛奶、牦牛奶的差异却不是很大;采用微流体芯片电泳可有效地对豆奶、骆驼奶进行区分,还可在一定程度上鉴别牛奶、羊奶、水牛奶和牦牛奶。结论:Agilent2100系统作为一种新型半自动微流体芯片技术,可以快速、高效、准确地应用于液态奶制品的蛋白成分分析及鉴别。     

Small molecular weight RNA components in sea urchin embryos

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of RNA from Paracentrotus lividus embryos has shown this material to contain five RNA components of small molecular weight. The components are synthesized early in sea urchin development, simultaneously with tRNA and heterodisperse RNA. After the blastula stage, when synthesis of ribosomal RNA is activated, the labeling incorporated into small molecular weight RNA components constitutes a relatively decreasing proportion of the total labeling in RNA. When labeling is performed prior to the blastula stage, three of the small molecular weight RNA components are labeled to a similar or greater extent than “5” S RNA and the 26-ass RNA. The gel electrophoretic mobilities of the small molecular weight RNA components have been compared with those in Ehrlich ascites cells and found to be different.     

Distribution of SCEs in lymphocytes in persons with normal,slightly increased,and heavily increased SCEs

The distribution of SCEs in lymphocytes was examined for 165 healthy persons (58 non-smokers and 107 smokers with cigarette consumption ranging from 1 to > 20 per day), and for 1 patient treated with melphalan, a cytostatic drug.The data from the healthy persons did not follow a Poisson distribution. A mixed Poisson that allowed diferent λ values for the 30 cells scored from each person and postulated a gamma distribution for the λs within the 30 cells fitted all the data examined including those from the melphalan-treated patient. In the latter case the 7 samples taken at various times after the treatment could all be represented satisfactorily with a common parameter, c, in the gamma distribution for the λs, even though the mean SCEs/cell varied from 9.8 to 36.8. Because the c parameter determines the spread of λ values within the 30 cells, this suggested that the effect ofthe cytostatic drug was to increase all the σs by a constant amount.The sum of the SCEs taken over all 30 cells in a sample is a convenient summary statistic, and the transformation y = √s + √s + 1 behaves as a normal variate with a constant variance within a group.     

Response of isoprene emission to ambient CO2 changes and implications for global budgets

We explore the potential role of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) on isoprene emissions using a global coupled land–atmosphere model [Community Atmospheric Model–Community Land Model (CAM–CLM)] for recent (year 2000, 365 ppm CO₂) and future (year 2100, 717 ppm CO₂) conditions. We incorporate an empirical model of observed isoprene emissions response to both ambient CO₂ concentrations in the long‐term growth environment and short‐term changes in intercellular CO₂ concentrations into the MEGAN biogenic emission model embedded within the CLM. Accounting for CO₂ inhibition has little impact on predictions of present‐day global isoprene emission (increase from 508 to 523 Tg C yr^?1). However, the large increases in future isoprene emissions typically predicted in models, which are due to a projected warmer climate, are entirely offset by including the CO₂ effects. Projected global isoprene emissions in 2100 drop from 696 to 479 Tg C yr^?1 when this effect is included, maintaining future isoprene sources at levels similar to present day. The isoprene emission response to CO₂ is dominated by the long‐term growth environment effect, with modulations of 10% or less due to the variability in intercellular CO₂ concentration. As a result, perturbations to isoprene emissions associated with changes in ambient CO₂ are largely aseasonal, with little diurnal variability. Future isoprene emissions increase by more than a factor of two in 2100 (to 1242 Tg C yr^?1) when projected changes in vegetation distribution and leaf area density are included. Changing land cover and the role of nutrient limitation on CO₂ fertilization therefore remain the largest source of uncertainty in isoprene emission prediction. Although future projections suggest a compensatory balance between the effects of temperature and CO₂ on isoprene emission, the enhancement of isoprene emission due to lower ambient CO₂ concentrations did not compensate for the effect of cooler temperatures over the last 400 thousand years of the geologic record (including the Last Glacial Maximum).