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排序方式: 共有136条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Andrew N. Webber Kathryn A. Platt-Aloia Robert L. Heath William W. Thomson 《Physiologia plantarum》1988,72(2):288-297
The detergent Tween-20 solubilized preferentially portions of the marginal regions of Spinacea oleracea L. thylakoid membranes and, thus, opened the inside of the grana to the external media. Differential centrifugation. following Tween-20 solubilization. enabled separate fractions of grana and stromal-exposed membranes to be isolated. Analysis of Tween-20 solubilized material, after pelleting all membrane material by centrifugation at 100 000 g, revealed polypeptides associated with the coupling factor (CF1 ) particles, cytochrome b6 /f and photosystem II complexes, suggesting that the marginal membranes contain these proteins. Concomitantly, the 100 000 g pellet was depleted in cytochrome b6 /f and P700, determined spectroscopically, Thus. our results reveal the margin to be a distinct membrane region, which does not contain the light-harvesting centers of photosystem II (LHC II). The implication of these results, in terms of the energetic interaction of components of granal and stromalexposed membrane regions, is discussed. 相似文献
2.
Summary Irradiation of the principal photosystem II light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein antenna complex, LHC II, with high light intensities brings about a pronounced quenching of the chlorophyll fluorescence. Illumination of isolated thylakoids with high light intensities generates the formation of quenching centres within LHC II in vivo, as demonstrated by fluorescence excitation spectroscopy. In the isolated complex it is demonstrated that the light-induced fluorescence quenching: a) shows a partial, biphasic reversibility in the dark; b) is approximately proportional to the light intensity; c) is almost independent of temperature in the range 0–30°C; d) is substantially insensitive to protein modifying reagents and treatments; e) occurs in the absence of oxygen. A possible physiological importance of the phenomenon is discussed in terms of a mechanism capable of dissipating excess excitation energy within the photosystem II antenna.Abbreviations chla
chlorophyll a
- chlb
chlorophyll b
- F0
fluorescence yield with reaction centers open
- Fm
fluorescence yield with reaction centres closed
- Fi
fluorescence at the plateau level of the fast induction phase
- LHC II
light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex II
- PS II
photosystem II
- PSI
photosystem I
- Tricine
N-[2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]glycine 相似文献
3.
Abstract. Chlorophyll fluorescence emission spectra and the kinetics of 685 mm fluorescence emission from wheat leaf tissue and thylakoids isolated from such tissue were examined as a function of excitation wavelength. A considerable enhancement of fluorescence emission above 700 nm relative to that at 685 nm was observed from leaf tissue when it was excited with 550 nm rather than 450 nm radiation. Such excitation wavelength dependent changes in the emission spectrum occurred over an excitation spectral range of 440–660 nm and appeared to be directly related to the total quantity of radiation absorbed at a given excitation wavelength. Experiments with isolated thylakoid preparations demonstrated that changes in the fluorescence emission spectrum of the leaf were attributable to the optical properties of the leaf and were not due to the intrinsic characteristies of the thylakoid photochemical apparatus. This was not the case for the observed excitation wavelength dependent changes in the 685 nm fluorescence induction curve obtained from leaf tissue infiltrated with DCMU. Excitation wavelength dependent changes in the ratio of the variable to maximal fluorescence emission and the shape of the variable fluorescence induction were observed for leaf tissue. Isolated thylakoid studies showed that such changes in the leaf fluorescence kinetics were representative of the way in which the photochemical apparatus in vivo was processing the absorbed radiation at the different excitation wavelengths. The results are considered in the context of the use of fluorescence emission characteristics of leaves as non-destructive probes of the photochemical apparatus in vivo. 相似文献
4.
Giovanna P. Marziani Longo Marcella Bracale Gianfranca Rossi Claudio P. Longo 《Plant molecular biology》1990,14(4):569-573
Cotyledons were excised from imbibed watermelon seeds, grown for 4 days in darkness on water or 10 M benzyladenine (BA) and then tested for the presence of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein (LHCP) and its mRNA. LHCP was assayed immunologically by western blotting of SDS gels: the protein was present in plastids, but it was not recovered with the thylakoid fraction. Antibodies directed against LHCP precipitated a 32 kDa polypeptide from translation products of poly(A) RNA of cotyledons only if these had been grown on BA. Taken together the data suggest that in absence of light cytokinins are necessary for the maintenance of a detectable level of LHCP-mRNA as well as for synthesis of the protein. 相似文献
5.
Studies on the mechanism of photosystem II photoinhibition I. A two-step degradation of D1-protein 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The role of D1-protein in photoinhibition was examined. Photoinhibition of spinach thylakoids at 20°C caused considerable degradation of D1-protein and a parallel loss of variable fluorescence, QB-independent electron flow and QB-dependent electron flow. The breakdown of D1-protein as well as the loss of variable fluorescence and QB-independent electron flow were largely prevented when thylakoids were photoinhibited at 0°C. The QB-dependent electron flow markedly decreased under the same conditions. This inactivation may represent the primary event in photoinhibition and could be the result of some modification at the QB-site of D1-protein. Evidence for this comes from fluorescence relaxation kinetics following photoinhibition at 0°C which indicate a partial inactivation of QA
--reoxidation. These results support the idea of D1-protein breakdown during photoinhibition as a two step process consisting of an initial inactivation at the QB-site of the protein followed by its degradation. The latter is accompanied by the loss of PS II-reaction centre function.Abbreviations Asc
ascorbate
- p-BQ
1, 4-benzoquinone
- DAD
diaminodurene
- DPC
diphenylcarbazide
- DQH2
duroquinole
- Fecy
ferricyanide
- MV
methylviologen
- QA
primary quinone acceptor of PS II
- QB
secondary quinone acceptor of PS II
- SiMo
silicomolybdate 相似文献
6.
Per-Ola Arvidsson Charlotte Eva Bratt Lars-Erik Andréasson Hans-Erik Åkerlund 《Photosynthesis research》1993,37(3):217-225
Photosystem II (PS II) particles isolated from spinach in the presence of 10 M CuSO4 contained 1.2 copper/300 Chl that was resistant to EDTA. When CuSO4 was not added during the isolation, PS II particles contained variable amounts of copper resistant to EDTA (0.1–1.1 copper/300 Chl). No correlation was found between copper content and oxygen evolving capacity of the PS II particles. To identify the copper binding protein, we developed a fractionation procedure which included solubilisation of PS II particles followed by precipitation with polyethylene glycol. A 22-fold purification of copper with respect to protein was achieved for a 28 kDa protein. Partial amino acid sequence of a 13 kDa fragment, obtained after V8 (endo Glu-C) protease treatment, showed identity with CP 26 over a 14 amino acid stretch. EPR measurements on the purified protein suggest oxygen and/or nitrogen as ligands for copper but tend to exclude sulfur. We conclude that the 28 kDa apoprotein of CP 26 from spinach binds one copper per molecule of CP 26. A possible function for this copper protein in the xanthophyll cycle is discussed.Abbreviations CP 26 and CP 29
chlorophyll a/b protein complex 26 and 29
- LHC II
light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex of Photosystem II
- SB14
sulfobetaine 14
A preliminary report of these results was presented at the IX Int. Congress on Photosynthesis, Nagoya, Japan, 1992. 相似文献
7.
8.
Dennis D. Kunkel 《Archives of microbiology》1982,133(2):97-99
An ultrastructural study of four cyanobacteria (Anabaena cylindrica, Dermocarpa violaceae, Gleocapsa alpicola, Pleurocapsa minor) indicates the presence of previously undescribed thylakoid centers from which photosynthetic membranes (thylakoids) radiate. These peripherally located thylakoid centers are cylinders 30 nm wide by 320 nm long, consisting of globular subunits oriented in nonparallel stacked arrays. Thylakoids are attached to the outer surface of the cylinder along its longitudinal axis. Thylakoid centers appear to be functionally significant due to their structure, location and thylakoid association. 相似文献
9.
Changes in Hill reaction activity (HRA) and ultrastructure of mesophyll cell (MC) chloroplasts were studied during the ontogeny
of third leaf of maize plants using polarographic oxygen evolution measurement, transmission electron microscopy, and stereology.
The chloroplast ultrastructure was compared in young (actively growing), mature, and senescing leaves of two different inbreds
and their reciprocal F1 hybrids. Statistically significant differences in both HRA and MC chloroplast ultrastructure were
observed between different stages of leaf ontogeny. Growth of plastoglobuli was the most striking characteristic of chloroplast
maturation and senescence. The chloroplasts in mature and senescing leaves had a more developed system of thylakoids compared
to the young leaves. Higher HRA was usually connected with higher thylakoid volume density of MC chloroplasts.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Carbonic Anhydrase Activities in Pea Thylakoids 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Moskvin OV Shutova TV Khristin MS Ignatova LK Villarejo A Samuelsson G Klimov VV Ivanov BN 《Photosynthesis research》2004,79(1):93-100
Pea thylakoids with high carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity (average rates of 5000 µmol H+ (mg Chl)–1 h–1 at pH 7.0) were prepared. Western blot analysis using antibodies raised against the soluble stromal -CA from spinach clearly showed that this activity is not a result of contamination of the thylakoids with the stromal CA but is derived from a thylakoid membrane-associated CA. Increase of the CA activity after partial membrane disintegration by detergent treatment, freezing or sonication implies the location of the CA in the thylakoid interior. Salt treatment of thylakoids demonstrated that while one part of the initial enzyme activity is easily soluble, the rest of it appears to be tightly associated with the membrane. CA activity being measured as HCO3
– dehydration (dehydrase activity) in Photosystem II particles (BBY) was variable and usually low. The highest and most reproducible activities (approximately 2000 µmol H+ (mg Chl)–1 h–1) were observed in the presence of detergents (Triton X-100 or n-octyl--D-glucopyranoside) in low concentrations. The dehydrase CA activity of BBY particles was more sensitive to the lipophilic CA inhibitor, ethoxyzolamide, than to the hydrophilic CA inhibitor, acetazolamide. CA activity was detected in PS II core complexes with average rate of 13,000 µmol H+ (mg Chl)–1 h–1 which was comparable to CA activity in BBY particles normalized on a PS II reaction center basis.This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献