应用PCR对尖锐湿疣和外耳道乳头状瘤中HPV DNA的分型检测

从手术切除的24例女性和12例男性尖锐湿疣新鲜标本中,以及42例女性尖锐湿疣、16例男性外耳道乳头状瘤和4例女性假性湿疣的石蜡包埋标本中,提取组织的基因组DNA,用人工合成的人乳头瘤病毒6.11和16型E6区特异性寡聚核苷酸引物,通过PCR进行HPV DNA的分型检测。结果66例女性尖锐湿疣中,感染HPV6型者4例,感染11型者12例,6+11型混合感染者49例;阴性1例,总检出率达98.4％。4例女性假性湿疣中1例为HPV6型感染,阳性率25％。16例男性外耳道乳头状瘤中HPV6+11型感染者5例,6+16型感染者3例,6+11+16型多重感染者8例,阳性率100％。12例男性尖锐湿疣中,HPV11型感染者7例,6+11型4例,阴性1例,总阳性率91.6％。还对细胞学上空泡化和非典型空泡化尖锐湿疣标本的HPV感染做了比较,未发现差异。     

THE FINE STRUCTURE OF TWO PHOTOSYNTHETIC SPECIES OF DINOPHYSIS (DINOPHYSIALES,DINOPHYCEAE)1

Two closely related, photosynthetic species belonging to the genus Dinophysis were examined, D. acuminata Claparède et Lachmann and D. fortii Pavillard. Typical dinoflagellate features include the amphiesmal covering enclosing the cells and the structure of the nucleus and mitochondria. Many other characteristics seem to be specific to the order Dinophysiales. Many rhabdosomes are present, and complex mucocysts are found beneath the amphiesma. The thecal pores are unusual with the base of the pore occluded by a thin disc that is continuous with the main amphiesmal plate. The structure of the apical pore is also distinctive. Chloroplasts are grouped together in chromatospheres, enclosed by a double membrane, and contain paired thylakoids with electron dense contents in the lumen. The two pusules are extensive, each branching off the flagellar canal, and consisting of a large antechamber and a number of convoluted sacs. The entrance of each antechamber, and site of an emerging flagellum, is surrounded by a striated fibrous collar. Near the flagellar pore is a prominent microtubular/microbody complex which penetrates deep into the cell cytoplasm. Consideration is given to taxonomic position of the Dinophysiales and also to the nature and origins of the chloroplasts.     

缙云山大头茶种群林窗动态的初步研究

采用空间序列代替时间序列的方法,从种群的斑块结构特征,年龄结构和静态生命表的生存分析等方面,研究了缙云山大头茶种群的林窗动态特点,结论如下：（１）在常绿阔叶林中,存在着该种群的林窗相循环更替,从而保证了种群的世代延续;（２）种群生活史中,生存与死亡,死亡密度与危险率都存在着波动起伏,种群数量动态具有不停止的振荡特点;（３）林窗初期,群种年龄结构处于稳定的平衡态,而在生活史的较长时间内,一直处于不稳     

Flavonoid data and populational observations in support of hybrid status for Populus acuminata

Flavonoid distribution and populational composition at the collection sites of several samples of Populus acuminata strongly suggest that this taxon is an inter-sectional hybrid between P. angustifolia, sect. Tacamahaca and any one of two or three different species of the section Aigeiros, when the entire range is considered. In the vicinity of the type locality, the Aigeiros parent is P. sargentii. Within any population, foliage of trees of P. acuminata is characterized by morphological intermediacy and an essentially additive flavonoid profile, as compared to the two parental taxa present. In habit the trees resemble those of P. sargentii, and habitats at the collection sites were found to be somewhat intermediate. Fifteen flavonoid compounds were consistently present in samples of the putative hybrid. Twelve of these had diagnostic value because they were absent in one of the parental species. One compound, apigenin 7-O-diglucoside, was found only in P. acuminata. In part, our identifications correspond to compounds reported by Crawford in a morphological and chemical study of P. acuminiata.     

Digestive α-amylase activity in Aelia acuminata L. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Activity of α-amylase was revealed in the midgut and salivary glands of the wheat and barley pentatomid pest, A. acuminata. The activity was determined in salivary gland more than those in midgut. Optimal activity of the enzyme occurred at 40°C. Optimal pH activity in salivary gland (pH = 6) was more than those in the midgut (pH = 4.5). pH stability analysis of the enzyme showed that the enzyme is more stable at slightly acidic pHs than those at acidic and alkaline pHs. However, α-amylase is more stable at acidic pH in long period of time. Temperature stability analysis determined the enzyme was remarkably active over a broad range of temperature (5–40°C). α-Amylase activity was decreased after addition of MgCl₂, Tris, Triton X-100, CuSO₄, SDS, urea and CaCl₂. The salts NaCl and KCl increased the enzyme activity from midgut and salivary glands. Zymogram analysis of midgut and salivary gland extract showed at least two bands of amylase activity in the midgut and salivary glands.     

Synthesis of 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic Anhydride,a Phytoalexin Isolated from Unripe Banana (Musa acuminata)

2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic anhydride, a component of the phytoalexin that has been isolated from the peel of unripe banana (Musa acuminata), was synthesized from 3-bromoacenaphthene.     

转UGPase基因喜树木材化学成分与生长速率研究

分析了田间栽培条件下2年生转UGPase基因喜树与对照株的木材化学成分与生长速率。结果表明,转UGPase基因喜树综纤维素含量达到78.87%,比对照株相比提高了2.23%;纤维素含量为36.34%,与对照株相比没有明显提高;木质素含量为15.05%,较对照株降低了1.75%;两者的灰分含量均较低且无显著差异;冷、热水抽提物含量为7.62%与10.17%,分别提高了2.04%与2.13%;1% NaOH抽提物含量为27.13%,提高了1.27%。因此,就综纤维素、木质素、灰分含量而言,转UGPase基因喜树为优质纸浆材,水抽提物和1% NaOH抽提物的含量略高,在纸浆生产中需加以重视。本文还对转UGPase基因喜树与对照株的株高、基径、生物量进行了动态监测,结果表明,从5月25日到11月10日的生长季中,其株高平均增加121 cm,对照株平均仅67.8 cm,株高生长速率提高了78.47%;基径平均增加1 792 cm,对照株平均仅0.532 8 cm,提高了236.37%;地上部分生物量的积累与对照相比提高了322.61%,即转入UGPase基因使喜树生长速率显著提高。因此,虽然转UGPase基因喜树的综纤维素和纤维素含量没有明显提高,但其生长速率快,生物量增长显著,间接提高了纤维素与喜树碱的产量。因此,转基因喜树较普通喜树更符合纸浆材速生、纤维素含量高和产量高、木质素含量低的基本要求,可在生产中进一步推广。     

Characteristics of the microbial community in rhizosphere of Camptotheca acuminata cultured with exotic invasive plant Eupatorium adenophorum

The traditional culture-dependent plate counting and culture-independent small-subunit-ribosomal RNA gene-targeted molecular techniques, Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) and ter-minal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (tRFLP) combined with 16S rDNA clone library were adopted to investigate the impacts of secretion from Camptotheca acuminata (abbreviated to Ca) roots on the quantities and structure of eukaryotic microbes and bacteria in the rhizosphere, and the possi-bility that Ca controls exotic invasive plant Eupatorium adenophorum (Ea). The counting results indi-cated that the number of bacteria increased in turn in rhizospheres of Ea, Ca-Ea mixed culture and Ca, while that of eukaryotic microbes decreased. PCR-SSCP profiles showed eukaryotic microbial bands (corresponding to biodiversity) in rhizosphere of Ea were more complex than those of Ca and CE. Meristolohmannia sp., Termitomyces sp. and Rhodophyllus sp. were the dominant populations in the rhizosphere of Ca. Bacterial terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) profiles showed no difference among three kinds of rhizospheres, and the sequences of the 16S rDNA clone library from Ca rhizospheres were distributed in 10 known phyla, in which phylum Proteobacteria were the absolute dominant group and accounted for 24.71% of the cloned sequences (δ-Proteobacteria accounted for up to 17.65%), and phyla Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes accounted for 16.47% and 10.59% of the cloned sequences, respectively. In addition, high performance liquid chromatography detected a trace amount of camp-tothecin and hydroxycamptothecin in the rhizospheric soil of Ca and CE, but examined neither camp-tothecin nor hydroxycamptothecin in rhizospheric soil of Ea. Therefore, invasion and diffusion of Ea evidently depended on distinguishing the eukaryotic community structure, but not on that of the bac-terial pattern. Ca was able to alter the eukaryotic community structure of invasive Ea by secreting camptothecin and hydroxycamptothecin into rhizospheres, and may benefit the control of overspread of Ea. This study provided theoretical evidence for rhizospheric microbial aspects on substituting Ca for Ea.     

喜树细胞悬浮培养中生理生化指标的测定

以喜树(Camptotheca acuminata Decsne.)幼嫩叶片为材料,诱导和筛选愈伤组织,进行细胞悬浮培养。初步研究了液体培养条件下光照对喜树细胞生长和生理生化特性的影响。结果显示：在光照条件下培养细胞生长周期30d,在黑暗条件下培养细胞生长周期为27d,细胞的增殖曲线呈“S”形;在两种不同光照条件下,其培养液pH值先下降后回升;培养细胞中可溶性蛋白质含量及过氧化物酶活性均出现两个峰值,但出现的时间不同。     

两种陀螺藻囊壳的微细结构和元素组成分析

利用从自然界水体中采集到的标本为材料,对2种陀螺藻的囊壳的微细结构和元素组成进行分析比较,结果表明：组成陀螺藻囊壳的主要矿质元素是硅(Si)、铁(Fe)和铝(A1),并含有少量的镁(Mg)、锌(Zn)、钙(Ca)等元素。囊壳的表面形态是不规则的,不宜作为分类依据。