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1.
A Moroccan Houbara Bustard pedigree was analyzed to evaluate the genetic variability in captive breeding population using genealogical approaches. The whole Houbara breeding flock (WP) for the period 1993–2004 was made up of 531 birds comprising 346 females and 185 males. The reference population (RP) comprised 198 individuals ready for reproduction from 2000 to 2004 cohorts. The corresponding percentage of known ancestors was estimated as 98.23% for the parent generation, 41.19% for the grandparent generation and 7.00% for the great grandparents generation. The average generation interval for Houbara was computed as 4.64 years. Genetic variability loss per generation was ascertained using the effective population size (), the founder genome equivalent (fge), the effective number of ancestors and founders (fa) and (fe), respectively, for the RP and across each cohort. The results showed no bottleneck events in the breed but some loss of genetic variability just after the initiation of the conservation program. However, the annual effective population size based on the realized increase in inbreeding () was estimated to be 207 for the RP and 1,000 for the WP. With regard to conservation breeding schemes, the genealogical evidence presented here is very useful as it revealed the positive effect of migration on Houbara breeding. The mating strategies will assist in the future control and management of the genetic variability of this population. Zoo Biol. 32:366‐373, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
2.
Maïlys Chassagne-Manoukian Hamid Haddoumi Henri Cappetta André Charrière Monique Feist Rodolphe Tabuce Monique Vianey-Liaud 《Geobios》2013,46(5):371-379
A new locality in the poorly known “red beds” of Tendrara (High Plateaus, Morocco) has yielded four charophytes species (Feistiella anluensis, Lamprothamnium stipitatum, Peckisphaera portezueloensis, Platychara caudata) and dinosaur eggshells (Pseudomegaloolithus atlasi). These red beds, which overly the Cenomanian-Turonian marine deposits, generally assigned to “Senonian” based on geometric position, are directly dated by these fossils: the charophytes species and dinosaur oospecies association indicates a Campano-Maastrichtian or Maastrichtian age for these calm floodplain deposits. 相似文献
3.
Solange Duruz Natalia Sevane Oliver Selmoni Elia Vajana Kevin Leempoel Sylvie Stucki Pablo Orozco‐terWengel Estelle Rochat Susana Dunner Michael W. Bruford Stphane Joost 《Molecular ecology resources》2019,19(5):1355-1365
sam βada is a genome–environment association software, designed to search for signatures of local adaptation. However, pre‐ and postprocessing of data can be labour‐intensive, preventing wider uptake of the method. We have now developed R.SamBada, an r ‐package providing a pipeline for landscape genomic analysis based on sam βada , spanning from the retrieval of environmental conditions at sampling locations to gene annotation using the Ensembl genome browser. As a result, R.SamBada standardizes the landscape genomics pipeline and eases the search for candidate genes of local adaptation, enhancing reproducibility of landscape genomic studies. The efficiency and power of the pipeline is illustrated using two examples: sheep populations from Morocco with no evident population structure and Lidia cattle from Spain displaying population substructuring. In both cases, R.SamBada enabled rapid identification and interpretation of candidate genes, which are further discussed in the light of local adaptation. The package is available in the r CRAN package repository and on GitHub (github.com/SolangeD/R.SamBada). 相似文献
4.
The bacterial diversity occurring in traditional Moroccan soft white cheese, produced in eight different regions in Morocco, was studied. A total of 164 lactic acid bacteria were isolated, purified and identified by whole-cell protein fingerprinting and rep-PCR genomic fingerprinting. The majority of the strains belonged to the genera Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc and Enterococcus. Sixteen species were identified: Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus garvieae, Lactococcus raffinolactis, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Leuconostoc citreum, Eterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus saccharominimus and Streptococcus sp. 相似文献
5.
Mehdi Maanan Mohamed Maanan Henri Rueff Nessraddine Adouk Bendahhou Zourarah Hassan Rhinane 《人类与生态风险评估》2018,24(6):1642-1658
This study provides an integrated approach using geographical information system (GIS) based on a multi-criteria approach (MCDA) to assess coastal vulnerability, resulting from human activity, population density, erosion, and climate change-induced sea level rise. A coastal vulnerability index (CVI) for erosion and floods was calculated and mapped (~24 km in length; ~400 m in width, and 11.47 km2 in surface) for the lagoon barrier of Nador located on the Mediterranean coast of Morocco. Results suggest that 54% (~13 km) of the shoreline is moderately vulnerable, while 42% (~10 km) is highly vulnerable and only 4% (1 km) present a low vulnerability. The vulnerability map of the socio-economic activities indicates that most wetlands and forest areas 83% (~31 ha) and 50% (~440 ha) respectively, present low vulnerability. 52% percent of artificial areas (~23 ha), 73% of agricultural land (~128 ha), and 41% of natural areas (~363 ha) present moderate vulnerability. However, the level of vulnerability of the remaining artificial and agricultural areas classifies from high to very high. The north-western sector was classified as the most vulnerable area, characterized by an erosion (?0.6 m/yr to ?1.20 m/yr) for 70% of this area, while the south-eastern part shows a low to moderate vulnerability marked by an erosion (?0.1 m/yr to ?1m/yr) for 40% of this area. Coastal vulnerability maps have potential as decision tools to prepare and respond to sea level rise, and identify exposed coastal zones, as such contributing to national climate action and disaster risk reduction sustainable development goals (goals 13 and 11, respectively). 相似文献
6.
Multiple alleles for zucchini yellow mosaic virus resistance at the zym locus in cucumber 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
E. Kabelka Z. Ullah R. Grumet 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):997-1004
Sources of resistance to several potyviruses have been identified and characterized within the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) germplasm. Resistance to zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) is present in inbred lines derived from the Dutch hybrid
Dina (Dina-1) and from the Chinese cultivar ‘Taichung Mou Gua’ (TMG-1). Tests of allelism indicated that the genes for resistance
to ZYMV in TMG-1 and Dina-1 are at the same locus; however, the two genotypes exhibited different phenotypes in response to
cotyledon inoculation with ZYMV. Dina-1 exhibited a distinct veinal chlorosis and accumulation of virus limited to the first
and/or second true leaves, while TMG-1 remained symptom-free and did not accumulate virus. The distinct veinal chlorosis phenotype
in Dina-1 was dominant to the symptom-free phenotype in TMG-1 and was shown not to be due to a separate gene. These results
indicate that a series of alleles differing in effectiveness and dominance relationships occurs at the zym locus such that Zym>zym
Dina>zym
TMG-1. In addition to ZYMV resistance, TMG-1 is also resistant to watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), the watermelon strain of papaya
ringspot virus (PRSV-W) and the Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus (MWMV); the WMV and MWMV resistances are at the same locus,
or tightly linked to the zym locus. Dina-1 also was found to be resistant to PRSV-W and MWMV. The gene for MWMV resistance in Dina-1 appeared to be at
the same locus or tightly linked (<1% recombination) to the gene for ZYMV resistance. In contrast to the response to ZYMV
inoculation, Dina-1 does not exhibit distinct veinal chlorosis when inoculated with PRSV-W or MWMV. Collectively, these observations
suggest that the gene(s) conferring resistance to ZYMV, WMV, and MWMV may be part of a gene cluster for potyvirus resistance
in cucumber.
Received: 12 November 1996 / Accepted: 25 April 1997 相似文献
7.
We analysed the molecular diversity of Pterocarpus officinalis, a tree species distributed in Caribbean islands, South and Central America to quantify the genetic variation within island,
to assess the pattern of differentiation and infer levels of gene flow; with the overall goal of defining a strategy of conservation.
Two hundred two individuals of 9 populations were analysed using three chloroplast and six nuclear microsatellite markers.
The observed heterozygosity varied markedly among the populations for nuclear (H
Onuc = 0.20–0.50) and chloroplast microsatellites (H
cp = 0.22–0.68). The continental population from French Guyana showed a higher value of H
Onuc than island populations, and the differences were significant in some cases. The fixation index F
IS ranged from −0.043 to 0.368; a significant heterozygote deficit was detected in 7 populations. The heterozygosity excess
method suggested that two populations in Guadeloupe have undergone a recent bottleneck. Global and pairwise F
ST were high for both nuclear (F
STnuc = 0.29) and chloroplast microsatellites (F
STcp = 0.58). The neighbour-joining tree based on both markers, presented a differentiation pattern that can be explained by the
seed dispersal by flotation and marine stream. The comparison of Bayesian approach and the method based on allelic frequency
demonstrate a very limited number of migrants between populations. 相似文献
8.
Pleistocene diversification in Morocco and recent demographic expansion in the Mediterranean pond turtle Mauremys leprosa 下载免费PDF全文
Joana Veríssimo Mohamed Znari Heiko Stuckas Uwe Fritz Paulo Pereira José Teixeira Marco Arculeo Federico Marrone Francesco Sacco Mohamed Naimi Christian Kehlmaier Guillermo Velo‐Antón 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2016,119(4):943-959
Quaternary climatic oscillations and geographic barriers have strongly influenced the distribution and diversification of thermophilic species occurring in the Mediterranean Basin. The Western Mediterranean pond turtle, Mauremys leprosa, is widely distributed throughout the Iberian Peninsula, southern France and most of the Maghreb region, with two subspecies currently recognized. In this work, we used 566 samples, including 259 new individuals, across the species range, and sequenced two mitochondrial markers (cytochrome b gene and control region; 163 samples in a concatenated mtDNA dataset) and one nuclear intron (R35; 23 samples representing all identified sublineages) to study the evolutionary history of M. leprosa. We combined phylogenetic methods and phylogeographic continuous diffusion models with spatial analysis. Our results (1) show a high level of genetic structure in Morocco originated during the Pleistocene; (2) reveal two independent population expansion waves from Morocco to Tunisia and to southern Europe, which later expanded throughout the Iberian Peninsula, and (3) identify several secondary contact zones in Morocco. Our study also sheds new light on the role of geographical features (Moroccan mountains ranges and the Strait of Gibraltar) and Pleistocene climatic oscillations in shaping genetic diversity and structure of M. leprosa, and underlines the importance of the Maghreb as a differentiation centre harbouring distinct glacial refugia. 相似文献
9.
《L'Anthropologie》2022,126(2):103018
A first diachronic examination of the use of silicites by Early and Middle Palaeolithic hominins in the Moroccan Meseta is presented. An in-depth study of the origins of the different geo-materials was carried on series from five recently excavated sites in northern Meseta at Casablanca — Unit L and Grotte à Hominidés at Thomas Quarry I, Grotte des Rhinocéros and Grotte des Gazelles — and in the southern Meseta at Djebel Irhoud cave. They show that flints from the Phosphates Plateau were the most widely used, from the earliest moments of the Early Palaeolithic (at least 1.3 Ma), but their predominant use for lithic artefacts coincides here with the appearance of the MSA (around 0.35 Ma). 相似文献
10.
Khalid Sadki Hoda Lamsyah Blanca Rueda ELmahfoud Akil Abderrahim Sadak Javier Martin Rajae El Aouad 《Acta Genetica Sinica》2010,(4)
In order to investigate the influence of functional polymorphisms of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF),Fcg receptors CD16A(FCGR3A) and CD32A(FCGR2A) genes on susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) in the Moroccan population,we analyzed 123 patients with PTB and 154 healthy controls.The genotyping for MIF-173(G/C)(rs755622),FCGR2A-131H/R(rs1801274) and FCGR3A-158V/F(rs396991) was carried out using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay method.We found a statistically significant increase of the MIF-173... 相似文献