贵州环口螺科一新种记述(前鳃亚纲,中腹足目,环口螺科)

在整理贵州省贵阳地区陆生贝类标本时,经鉴定发现1新种,即奇异阿勇螺Arinia mirifica sp.nov..隶属于前鳃亚纲、中腹足目、环口螺科、阿勇螺属.对新种形态特征、栖息环境进行了记述,并对其近似种也进行了讨 论.     

甘肃陆生贝类二新种(前鳃亚纲:中腹足目:环口螺科)

1998年4－5月作者在甘肃省南部地区考察,获得陆生贝类标本一批,经鉴定发现2新种,即大河腹皱螺Gastroptychia dahensis sp.nov。和清河倍唇螺Diplommatina qinghensis sp.nov.,隶属于前鳃亚纲,中腹足目,环口螺科,腹皱螺属,倍唇螺属。文中对新种形态特征,栖息环境进行了记述,并与近似种作了比较。     

Competition matters: Determining the drivers of land snail community assembly among limestone karst areas in northern Vietnam

The insular limestone karsts of northern Vietnam harbor a very rich biodiversity. Many taxa are strongly associated with these environments, and individual species communities can differ considerably among karst areas. The exact processes that have shaped the biotic composition of these habitats, however, remain largely unknown. In this study, the role of two major processes for the assembly of snail communities on limestone karsts was investigated, interspecific competition and filtering of taxa due to geographical factors. Communities of operculate land snails of the genus Cyclophorus were studied using the dry and fluid‐preserved specimen collections of the Natural History Museum, London. Phylogenetic distances (based on a Bayesian analysis using DNA sequence data) and shell characters (based on 200 semilandmarks) were used as proxies for ecological similarity and were analyzed to reveal patterns of overdispersion (indicating competition) or clustering (indicating filtering) in observed communities compared to random communities. Among the seven studied karst areas, a total of 15 Cyclophorus lineages were found. Unique communities were present in each area. The analyses revealed phylogenetic overdispersion in six and morphological overdispersion in four of seven karst areas. The pattern of frequent phylogenetic overdispersion indicated that competition among lineages is the major process shaping the Cyclophorus communities studied. The Coastal Area, which was phylogenetically overdispersed, showed a clear morphological clustering, which could have been caused by similar ecological adaptations among taxa in this environment. Only the community in the Cuc Phuong Area showed a pattern of phylogenetic clustering, which was partly caused by an absence of a certain, phylogenetically very distinct group in this region. Filtering due to geographical factors could have been involved here. This study shows how museum collections can be used to examine community assembly and contributes to the understanding of the processes that have shaped karst communities in Vietnam.     

贵州环口螺科一新种(前鳃亚纲:中腹足目:环口螺科)

1998年7-8月作者在贵州南部地区考察,获得陆生贝类标本一批,经鉴定发现1新种,即茂兰腹皱螺Gastroptychia maolanensis sp.nov。隶属于前鳃亚纲,中腹足目,环口螺科,腹皱螺属。描述了新种形态特征,栖息环境,并对其近似种进行了讨论。     

Exploratory phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses within three land-snail families in southeastern-most Madagascar

For Madagascan vicariance biogeography and phylogeny‐based conservation, four land snail groups have been predicted as most readily informative: Acavidae, Boucardicus (Cyclophoridae), Reticulapex (Charopidae), and Streptaxidae. Acavids have been evaluated in a previous paper; this paper uses recently described taxa from three mountains in southeastern Madagascar to evaluate the other three groups, based on shell and reproductive characters. Phylogenetic analyses, using appropriate outgroups, were performed on all 17 Boucardicus (31 characters, 120 states), all nine Reticulapex (21 characters, 53 states), and all 15 streptaxids (19 characters, 68 states) known from the three mountains. The Boucardicus cladogram was marginally robust; it supported monophyly of the genus, and it implied evolutionary trends toward larger, more colour‐patterned, more globose shells hatched from larger eggs; toward a dorsally and more weakly papillate penis with a large, external gland; and toward a broad‐based, tightly convoluted fertilization pouch‐seminal receptacle complex with an internal, muscular funnel. A convergence in high‐spired shells supported the recent synonymization of Madecataulus under Boucardicus. According to the cladogram, a three‐lobed apertural peristome was plesiomorphic, was lost, then reappeared convergently. Among the 12 dissected species of Boucardicus, morphology of the female reproductive system was extremely variable (11 of 14 character states autapomorphic). The Reticulapex cladogram supported monophyly of the genus but gave no robust resolution among species. Recent surveys also indicate that Reticulapex is rare to absent in northern Madagascar. The streptaxid cladogram suggested a sister‐group relationship between the endemic clades Par‐vedentulina and Streptostele (Makroconche), but provided no robust resolution among species within either clade or within Gulella. Anatomical material is relatively scarce for Madagascan streptaxids. Vicariance‐biogeographic analysis resulted in the area cladogram (northern Vohimena mountain chain (southern Vohimena chain (southern Anosy chain))). The Vohimena chain, already known for its significantly greater diversity and endemism than the Anosy chain, thus also séems to harbour the older, more plesiomorphic species; this heightens the urgency for conservation and further survey within the Vohimena chain. Acavids (115 species known) remain the most accessible of Madagascar's major, widespread land‐snail groups for island‐wide phylogenetics and biogeography, mainly because of existing frozen‐tissue collections, which have a limited shelf life. Boucardicus (177 species and 6 subspecies known) is clearly the second most accessible.     

贵州沟螺属一新种记述(前鳃亚纲,中腹足目,环口螺科)

在整理贵州省荔波县茂兰喀斯特森林自然保护区陆生贝类标本时,经鉴定发现1新种,即茂兰沟螺Dioryx maolanensis sp.nov.,文中对新种形态特征、栖息环境进行了描述,并对其相似种进行了分析和讨论.     

莽山陆生贝类一新种(前鳃亚纲,中腹足目,环口螺科)

笔者于2001年5—9月在湖南莽山自然保护区进行陆生贝类多样性调查,获得陆生贝类标本一批,经鉴定发现1新种,即莽山倍唇螺Diplommatina mangshanensis sp.nov,其隶属于腹足纲、前鳃亚纲、中腹足目、环口螺科、倍唇螺属。对新种形态特征、栖息环境进行了详细记述,并与近似种进行比较。     

中国沟螺属一新种记述(前鳃亚纲,中腹足目,环口螺科)

在整理广东省乳源县乳阳保护站陆生贝类标本时,经鉴定发现1新种,即乳阳沟螺Dioryx ruyangensis sp.nov..记述了新种形态特征、栖息环境,并对其近似种进行了讨论.     

中国双边凹螺属一新种记述(前鳃亚纲,中腹足目,环口螺科)

作者在整理西藏陆生贝类标本中得双边凹螺属1新种,即察隅双边凹螺Chamalycaeu szayuensis sp.nov.,对新种进行了详细描述,并与近似种进行了比较。     

西藏陆生贝类二新种（前鳃亚纲：中腹足目：环口螺科）

记述中国西藏环口螺科2新种,察隅褶口螺ptychapoma zayuensis sp.nov.和下察隅倍唇螺Diplommatina xiazayuensis sp.nov.。对新种进行了描述,并与近似种进行了比较。