川、滇巨须隐翅虫属二新种(鞘翅目：隐翅虫科，巨须隐翅虫亚科)

在整理川、滇标本时,发现巨须隐翅虫属OxyporusFabricius（1775）二新种,报道如下。模式标本保存在四川师范学院生物系。溪巨须隐翅虫oxypomsriparius新种（图1～4）雄性：头黑色,触角、下颚须、下唇黄色,上颚黑色。前胸背板黑色。鞘翅前部黄色,后外角有一三角形黑斑,其前界由外缘中部约伸至缝端,但不与缝相接。小盾片黑色,鞘翅与之相邻的黑域小。足黄色,跑节色稍深。腹部第2～4可见背扳两侧黄色、中部黑色,第5、6背板黑色,腹末黄色。体长67～7．5mrn。头稍横宽（0．75：1．15mm）,略较前胸短（O．75：O．9mm）,与之约等宽。…     

中国布里隐翅虫属初记1.巨布里隐翅虫群(鞘翅目：隐翅虫科，异形隐翅虫亚科)

This paper reports 1 new species of the gigantulus group of the genus Bledius Leach from Sichuan, China. Key to the known species is given. The type specimens are deposited in the Department of Biology, Sichuan Teachers College.     

四川省竹巴龙自然保护区昆虫资源初步调查

本文首次报道四川省竹巴龙自然保护区的昆虫种类计有11目,63科,128种.其中以鳞翅目Lepidoptera、双翅目Diptera和鞘翅目Coleoptera种类居多,分别占总数的37.1%、20.5%和16.6%,蜚蠊目Blattaria最少,只有一种.区系成分在低海拔区以典型的东洋种类为主,随着海拔的增加东洋区种类所占比例下降,逐渐为古北成分所替代,昆虫种类的垂直分布明显.     

The prevalence of previously undiagnosed leprosy in the general population of northwest bangladesh

Background

The prevalence of previously undiagnosed leprosy (PPUL) in the general population was determined to estimate the background level of leprosy in the population and to compare this with registered prevalence and the known PPUL in different levels of contacts of leprosy patients.

Methodology and Principal Findings

Multistage cluster sampling including 20 clusters of 1,000 persons each in two districts with over 4 million population. Physical examination was performed on all individuals. The number of newly found leprosy cases among 17,862 people above 5 years of age from the cluster sample was 27 (19 SLPB, 8 PB2-5), giving a PPUL rate of 15.1 per 10,000.

Conclusions and Significance

PPUL in the general population is six times higher than the registered prevalence, but three times lower than that in the most distant subgroup of contacts (neighbour of neighbour and social contacts) of leprosy patients in the same area. Full village or neighbourhood surveys may be preferable to contact surveys where leprosy is highly endemic.     

中国布里隐翅虫属初记 1.巨布里隐翅虫群 (鞘翅目:隐翅虫科,异形隐翅虫亚科)

中国布里隐翅虫属初记＊１．巨布里隐翅虫群（鞘翅目：隐翅虫科,异形隐翅虫亚科）郑发科（四川师范学院生物系南充６３７００２布里隐翅虫属（Ｂｌｅｄｉｕｓ）由Ｌｅａｃｈ（１８１９）建立,模式种为Ｂｌｅｄｉｕｓａｒｍａｔｕｓ（Ｐａｎｚｅｒ）,１７９９。属征：体...     

中国并线隐翅虫属－新种及－新纪录（鞘翅目：隐翅虫科：胸片隐翅虫亚科）

本文报道中国并线隐翅虫属一新种,黑腹并线隐翅虫Ｎｕｄｏｂｉｕｓｎｉｇｒｉｖｅｎｔｒｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,一新纪录种,红鞘并线隐翅虫Ｎｕｄｏｂｉｕｓｌｅｎｔｕｓ（Ｇｒａｖｅｎｈｏｒｓｔ）。     

Association between CD209 -336A/G and -871A/G Polymorphisms and Susceptibility of Tuberculosis: A Meta-Analysis

Background

The association between CD209 promoter polymorphisms (-336A/G, -871A/G) and tuberculosis (TB) risk has been widely reported, but results of previous studies remain controversial and ambiguous. To assess the association between CD209 polymorphisms and TB risk, a meta-analysis was performed.

Methods

Based on comprehensive searches of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Weipu, and CBM databases, we identified outcome data from all articles estimating the association between CD209 polymorphisms and TB risk. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results

A total of 14 studies with 3,610 cases and 3,539 controls were identified. There was no significant association between CD209 -336A/G polymorphism and TB risk (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.91–1.19 for G vs. A; OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.84–1.53 for GG vs. AA; OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.87–1.24 for GG+AG vs. AA; OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.88–1.39 for GG vs. AG+AA). However, the significant association was revealed for Asians in GG vs. AA (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.46–4.22, P = 0.0008) and GG vs. AG+AA (OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.33–3.32, P = 0.001). For the CD209 -871A/G polymorphism, lack of an association was also found (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.70–0.95 for G vs. A; OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.52–1.93 for GG vs. AA; OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.60–0.89 for GG+AG vs. AA; OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.57–2.10 for GG vs. AG+AA).

Conclusion

The present meta-analysis suggested that CD209 promoter polymorphisms (-336A/G, -871A/G) were unlikely to substantially contribute to TB susceptibility. However, the GG genotype of CD209 -336A/G polymorphism might be a genetic risk factor that increases TB susceptibility for Asians in GG vs. AA and GG vs. AG+AA.     

Synergistic Activity of Plant Extracts with Microbial Cellulases for the Release of Free Sugars

Agricultural lignocellulosic waste such as corn stover is a potential source of inexpensive, abundant, and renewable biomass for the production of bioethanol. The enzymatic process for the economically viable breakdown of cellulose to ethanol relies on the availability of inexpensive microbial cellulases. Although the cost of cellulase has decreased in recent years, current costs still preclude the production of economically viable bioethanol from lignocellulose. Substantive efforts in this lab are being directed to transgenic production of cellulases in maize in order to boost efficiency both of production of enzymes and degradation of corn stover. We serendipitously observed that the addition of non-transgenic maize seed extracts to cellulose and microbial enzymes potentiated free sugar release by as much as 20-fold. Further, this synergistic effect between cellulase enzymes and extract was seen with a variety of plant species and tissue extracts, but varied in efficiency, and was optimal at low concentrations of cellulases. Although the nature of the synergistic molecule is not known, the use of extracts to potentiate cellulose breakdown provides opportunities for a clearer mechanistic understanding of the degradation process as well as an economical way to improve the efficiency of cellulases to produce more cost-effective bioethanol from agricultural waste.