Creation of the technique of interspecific hybridization for breeding in cotton

The new technique of interspecific hybridization was created in Gossypium, which could remarkably overcome abortion of interspecific hybridization and hybrid sterility of F1. A large number of germplasm resources were obtained from seventy cross combinations among the cultivated species and between the cultivated and the 14 wild species, respectively. 8 varieties have been developed, of which 4 were from the cross combination of G . hirsutum×G . arboretum and the other are the first breed from the hybrids between G . hirsutum and 4 wild species, respectively. Of them Shiyuan 321 (jimian 24) is a new variety which had the highest increase in the national Yellow River Valley Regional test, with planting area added up to 933333 ha in the recent three years. The breeding system of interspecific hybridization was established.     

Creation of the technique of interspecific hybridization for breeding in cotton

The new technique of interspecific hybridization was created in Gossypium, which could remarkably overcome abortion of interspecific hybridization and hybrid sterility of F1. A large number of germplasm resources were obtained from seventy cross combinations among the cultivated species and between the cultivated and the 14 wild species, respectively. 8 varieties have been developed, of which 4 were from the cross combination of G. hirsutumXG. arboretum and the other are the first breed from the hybrids between G. hirsutum and 4 wild species, respectively. Of them Shiyuan 321 (jimian 24) is a new variety which had the highest increase in the national Yellow River Valley Regional test, with planting area added up to 933333 ha in the recent three years. The breeding system of interspecific hybridization was established.     

棉花种间杂交技术创新及育种程序的建立

创立的棉属种间杂交新方案对克服杂交不孕及F1不育性取得重大进展;获得了栽培种间(4n与2n)70个组合及陆地棉与14个野生棉种间大批量的高代种质资源,并已育成8个新品种,4个来自陆地棉×中棉,另外4个来自陆地棉与4种野生棉的杂种,为我国首次育成,其中石远321(冀棉24)为近年来国家区试中增产幅度最大的新品种,3年累计推广933.3×10³ hm².建成了有效的种间杂交育种体系.     

应用生态系统原理发挥秸秆还田的经济效益

农业生产由多种复杂环节组成。环节之间又相互衔接、彼此联系而形成一个整体多级的生态系统。其中物质转化的形式关系到生产潜力发挥的情况。在能量循环过程中,原来是一级转化的废料,可能会成为二级转化的原料,二级转化的废料,可以成为三级转化的原料,以此类推。这种一级或多级转化的情况是科学水平和社会经济效益的反映。随着科学技术发展,物质转化的经济效率就会越来越高。“秸秆还田”是农业生态系统的一个环节,是肥田增产的措施之一。由于还田方式不同,所产生的经济效益也相差悬殊。其中最简单的方式就是燃烧成灰还田。每百斤秸秆燃烧后     

克服棉花种间杂交不亲和性及杂种F_1不育性的试验效果

本世纪三十年代,许多遗传学家对棉花种间杂种的细胞学作了研究。四十年代对秋水仙精加倍技术的应用和五十年代杂种胚胎学的进一步研究都取得了较好的成果,为以后克服种间不亲和性和F_1不育性的系统研究打下了基础。 杂交组合中母本类型的选择,是早期取得的克服种间不亲和性的一项研究成果。中