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1.
【目的】通过增加北京棒杆菌(Corynebacterium pekinense)PD-67芳香族氨基酸合成的前体物质磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸(PEP)的供应,解除终产物对芳香族氨基酸合成途径中第一个酶同时也是关键酶3-脱氧-D-阿拉伯庚酮糖-7-磷酸合酶(DS)的反馈抑制并提高抗反馈抑制的DS的活力,使碳流更多地流向芳香族氨基酸合成途径,从而积累更多L-色氨酸。【方法】运用PCR技术扩增北京棒杆菌PD-67磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸合酶基因pps,与表达载体连接构建重组质粒pXPS;运用重叠PCR技术定点突变大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)受苯丙氨酸调控的DS基因aroG,使相应的编码氨基酸序列发生突变:Leu175Asp,新的基因命名为aroGfbr,与表达载体连接构建重组质粒pXA;构建pps和aroGfbr的共表达重组质粒pXAPS。将3个重组质粒分别转入菌株PD-67,构建工程菌株PD-67/pXPS、PD-67/pXA和PD-67/pXAPS。通过摇瓶发酵研究工程菌株的发酵特性。【结果】酶活分析结果表明,pps基因和aroGfbr基因在北京棒杆菌PD-67中均实现了表达。工程菌株PD-67/pXA粗酶液DS抗反馈抑制分析表明,AroGfbr已解除酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸的反馈抑制。过表达pps基因和aroGfbr基因分别使工程菌L-色氨酸产量提高12.1%和26.8%,双基因共表达可使工程菌的产酸量提高35.9%。【结论】北京棒杆菌PD-67pps基因的过表达以及大肠杆菌来源的解除反馈抑制的aroGfbr的过表达均有助于增加PD-67 L-色氨酸的合成,而双基因的共表达可以进一步提高L-色氨酸的积累量。  相似文献   
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Aminopeptidase N (APN) has been proved to be deeply associated with cancer angiogenesis, metastasis and invasion. Therefore, APN gains increasing attention as a promising anti-tumor target. In the current study, we report the design, synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of one new series of leucine ureido derivatives containing the 1,2,3-triazole moiety. Among them, compound 31f was identified as the best APN inhibitor with IC50 value being two orders of magnitude lower than that of the positive control bestatin. Compound 31f possessed selective cytotoxicity to several tumor cell lines over the normal cell line human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Notably, when combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), 31f exhibited synergistic anti-proliferation effect against several tumor cell lines. At the same concentration, 31f exhibited much better anti-angiogenesis activities than bestatin in the HUVECs capillary tube formation assay and the rat thoracic aorta rings test. In the in vitro anti-invasion assay, 31f also exhibited superior potency over bestatin. Moreover, considerable in vivo antitumor potencies of 31f alone or in combination with 5-Fu were observed without significant toxic signs in a mouse heptoma H22 tumor transplant model.  相似文献   
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Resting-state fMRI studies have increasingly focused on multi-contrast techniques, such as BOLD and ASL imaging. However, these techniques may reveal different aspects of brain activity (e.g., static vs. dynamic), and little is known about the similarity or disparity of these techniques in detecting resting-state brain activity. It is therefore important to assess the static and dynamic characteristics of these fMRI techniques to guide future applications. Here we acquired fMRI data while subjects were in eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) states, using both ASL and BOLD techniques, at two research centers (NIDA and HNU). Static brain activity was calculated as voxel-wise mean cerebral blood flow (CBF) using ASL, i.e., CBF-mean, while dynamic activity was measured by the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of BOLD, i.e., BOLD-ALFF, at both NIDA and HNU, and CBF, i.e., CBF-ALFF, at NIDA. We showed that mean CBF was lower under EC than EO in the primary visual cortex, while BOLD-ALFF was higher under EC in the primary somatosensory cortices extending to the primary auditory cortices and lower in the lateral occipital area. Interestingly, mean CBF and BOLD-ALFF results overlapped at the visual cortex to a very small degree. Importantly, these findings were largely replicated by the HNU dataset. State differences found by CBF-ALFF were located in the primary auditory cortices, which were generally a subset of BOLD-ALFF and showed no spatial overlap with CBF-mean. In conclusion, static brain activity measured by mean CBF and dynamic brain activity measured by BOLD- and CBF-ALFF may reflect different aspects of resting-state brain activity and a combination of ASL and BOLD may provide complementary information on the biophysical and physiological processes of the brain.  相似文献   
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Background & Aims

HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is a severe liver disease which results in a high mortality in China. To early predict the prognosis of the patients may prevent the complications and improve the survival. This study was aimed to develop a new prognostic index to estimate the survival related to HBV-ACLF.

Methods

Consecutive patients with HBV-ACLF were included in a prospective observational study. Serum Cystatin C concentrations were measured by using the particle-enhanced immunonephelometry assay. All of the patients were followed for at least 3 months. Cox regression analysis was carried out to identify which factors were predictive of mortality. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the efficacy of the variates for early predicting mortality.

Results

Seventy-two patients with HBV-ACLF were recruited between January 2012 and January 2013. Thirty patients died (41.7%) during 3-months followed up. Cox multivariate regression analysis identified serum cystatin C (CysC) and total bilirubin (TBil) were independent factors significantly (P < 0.01) associated with survival. Our results further showed that new prognostic index (PI) combining serum CysC with TBil was a good indicator for predicting the mortality of patients with HBV-ACLF. Specifically, the PI had a higher accuracy than the CTP, MELD, or MELD-Na scoring for early prediction short-term survival of HBV-ACLF patients with normal levels of serum creatinine (Cr). The survival rate in low risk group (PI < 3.91) was 94.3%, which was markedly higher than those in the high-risk group (PI ≥ 3.91) (17.4%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

We developed a new prognostic index combining serum CysC with TBil which early predicted the short-term mortality of HBV-ACLF patients.  相似文献   
6.
Harmful algal blooms, caused by massive and exceptional overgrowth of microalgae and cyanobacteria, are a serious environmental problem worldwide. In the present study, we looked for Bacillus strains with sufficiently strong anticyanobacterial activity to be used as biocontrol agents. Among 24 strains, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 showed the strongest bactericidal activity against Microcystis aeruginosa, with a kill rate of 98.78%. The synthesis of the anticyanobacterial substance did not depend on Sfp, an enzyme that catalyzes a necessary processing step in the nonribosomal synthesis of lipopeptides and polyketides, but was associated with the aro gene cluster that is involved in the synthesis of the sfp-independent antibiotic bacilysin. Disruption of bacB, the gene in the cluster responsible for synthesizing bacilysin, or supplementation with the antagonist N-acetylglucosamine abolished the inhibitory effect, but this was restored when bacilysin synthesis was complemented. Bacilysin caused apparent changes in the algal cell wall and cell organelle membranes, and this resulted in cell lysis. Meanwhile, there was downregulated expression of glmS, psbA1, mcyB, and ftsZ—genes involved in peptidoglycan synthesis, photosynthesis, microcystin synthesis, and cell division, respectively. In addition, bacilysin suppressed the growth of other harmful algal species. In summary, bacilysin produced by B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 has anticyanobacterial activity and thus could be developed as a biocontrol agent to mitigate the effects of harmful algal blooms.  相似文献   
7.
A highly selective assay was developed for screening compounds that bind to the porcine recombinant β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) with affinity chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF–MS). The methodology involved selective screening with immobilized β2-AR, a highly accurate identification via Q-TOF–MS, and a functional evaluation of the screened compounds with a sensitive myograph system. Ferulic acid, hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), and naringin were confirmed to be the bioactive compounds in Huoxue capsule that specifically bound to the β2-AR. These compounds produced a concentration-dependent relaxation of arteries that were contracted by treatment with phenylephrine, and the relaxation caused by these compounds was attenuated in the presence of ICI 118551, a type of β2-AR antagonist. Our data indicate that the use of an immobilized receptor is potentially an alternative method for the rapid screening of bioactive compounds in a complex matrix because of its high specificity. β2-AR affinity chromatography was valuable in focusing attention on the further investigation of ferulic acid, HSYA, and naringin as β2-AR agonists.  相似文献   
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用大鼠肝脏门静脉或肝静脉周围的肝细胞来研究葡萄糖和酮体生成的区域分布。肝细胞通过毛地黄皂苷-胶原酶灌流技术分离。门静脉周围肝细胞的γ谷氨酰转肽酶的活性比肝静脉周围肝细胞高2.4倍;而谷氨酰胺合成酶的活性则相反,肝静脉周围肝细胞高出56倍。门静脉周围肝细胞的内源性葡萄糖合成比肝静脉周围肝细胞高1.57倍。给予刺激葡萄糖异生的底物,门静脉周围肝细胞的葡萄糖合成则增加1.7-2.1倍。肝静脉周围肝细胞的内源性酮体生成比门静脉周围肝细胞高1.3倍。给予能明显刺激酮体生成的辛酸盐,肝静脉周围肝细胞的酮体生成仅略为增加。我们的结果证实,在基础和刺激的条件下,葡萄糖的异生在门静脉周围肝细胞中优先,而酮体生成仅在肝静脉周围肝细胞占微弱的优势。  相似文献   
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