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Xóchitl Trujillo Enrique Sánchez-Pastor Felipa Andrade Miguel Huerta 《The Journal of membrane biology》2014,247(11):1199-1205
Using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to visualize under a confocal microscope type-1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1) and acetylcholine (ACh) receptors, respectively, or α-bungarotoxin conjugated to Alexa-Fluor 555 for Ach receptors, we found that they colocalize on twitch muscle fibers in the frog (Rana pipiens). We show that both the CB1 and ACh receptors are present on the fast skeletal muscle motor end-plate. The CB1 receptor is present along the entire membrane of the muscle fiber, whereas the ACh receptor is expressed primarily at the motor end-plate. Analysis of the colocalization produced a cross-correlation coefficient of 0.519 ± 0.021 (n = 9) for both receptors at the muscle motor end-plate. This study suggests a close proximity between these two types of receptor proteins and that they could interact. CB1 could function at some stage of excitation–contraction coupling in these muscle fibers. However, further investigation is needed in order to clarify these issues. 相似文献
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The causes of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and fetal malformations are multifactorial and unclear in most cases. Environmental, maternal, and genetic factors have been shown to contribute to these defects. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is widely used to detect genetic variations associated with human diseases and has recently been successfully applied to unveil genetic causes of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and fetal malformations. Here, we review the current discovery and diagnosis strategies to identify the underlying pathogenic mutations of URSA and fetal malformations using WES technology and propose to further develop WES, both to advance our understanding of these diseases and to eventually lead to targeted therapies for reproductive disorders. 相似文献
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Lu Qiao Yajun Yang Pengcheng Fu Sile Hu Hang Zhou Shouneng Peng Jingze Tan Yan Lu Haiyi Lou Dongsheng Lu Sijie Wu Jing Guo Li Jin Yaqun Guan Sijia Wang Shuhua Xu Kun Tang 《遗传学报》2018,45(8):419-432
It is a long-standing question as to which genes define the characteristic facial features among different ethnic groups. In this study, we use Uyghurs, an ancient admixed population to query the genetic bases why Europeans and Han Chinese look different. Facial traits were analyzed based on high-dense 3D facial images; numerous biometric spaces were examined for divergent facial features between European and Han Chinese, ranging from inter-landmark distances to dense shape geometrics. Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) were conducted on a discovery panel of Uyghurs. Six significant loci were identified, four of which, rs1868752, rs118078182, rs60159418 at or near UBASH3B, COL23A1, PCDH7 and rs17868256 were replicated in independent cohorts of Uyghurs or Southern Han Chinese. A prospective model was also developed to predict 3D faces based on top GWAS signals and tested in hypothetic forensic scenarios. 相似文献
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Circulating long non‐coding RNAs NRON and MHRT as novel predictive biomarkers of heart failure 下载免费PDF全文
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Cytoplasmic dynein play an important role in transporting various intracellular cargos by coupling their ATP hydrolysis cycle with their conformational changes. Recent experimental results showed that the cytoplasmic dynein had a highly variable stepping pattern including “hand-over-hand”, “inchworm” and “nonalternating-inchworm”. Here, we developed a model to describe the coordinated stepping patterns of cytoplasmic dynein, based on its working cycle, construction and the interaction between its leading head and tailing head. The kinetic model showed how change in the distance between the two heads influences the rate of cytoplasmic dynein under different stepping patterns. Numerical simulations of the distribution of step size and striding rate are in good quantitative agreement with experimental observations. Hence, our coordinated stepping model for cytoplasmic dynein successfully explained its diverse stepping patterns as a molecular motor. The cooperative mechanism carried out by the two heads of cytoplasmic dynein shed light on the strategies adopted by the cytoplasmic dynein in executing various functions. 相似文献
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