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排序方式: 共有76条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Steven S. Thoresen John R. Clayton S.I. Ahmed 《Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology》1984,83(2):149-157
Measurements of uptake rates, intracellular nitrogen pools, and other key intracellular constituents were made during exponential growth in Skeletonema costatum (Grev.) Cleve under varying pH levels. An understanding of the overall effects of extracellular pH on the above mentioned cellular parameters is crucial in order to ascertain the degree to which pH must be regulated and monitored in laboratory experiments with marine phytoplankton.It was found that uptake rates and intracellular pool sizes of NO?3 were directly influenced by the extracellular pH level, whereas, other cellular compounds remained relatively unchanged. Therefore, nitrogen uptake and intracellular nitrogen storage are dependent on key H+ and OH? ion transport mechanisms that are associated with phytoplankton metabolism. These findings reiterate the fact that investigators examining nitrogen uptake and assimilatory mechanisms in marine phytoplankton must be conscious of cellular H + and OH? fluxes that contribute to intracellular pH regulation and changes in extracellular pH levels, both of which interact to affect phytoplankton metabolic processes. 相似文献
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M Thoresen I Dahlin J M Lundberg H Lagercrantz 《Journal of developmental physiology》1992,18(4):187-191
Sympathoadrenal activity was studied in 13 young piglets during hypoxia. The piglets were anaesthetized with chloralose/urethane, tracheostomized, paralyzed with gallamine and artificially ventilated. A femoral artery catheter was inserted and used for blood sampling. The piglets were challenged with 6 min of 6% CO2, 10 min of 12% O2 and 6 min of 6% O2 before and after theophylline (an adenosine receptor antagonist) treatment 20 mg/kg (n = 9) or saline (n = 4). Plasma samples were obtained before, during and after each hypercapnic or hypoxic period and analysed for their content of noradrenaline, adrenaline and neuropeptide Y. Hypercapnia with 6% CO2 and moderate hypoxia with 12% O2 did not lead to any significant increase of either noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A) or neuropeptide Y (NPY). However, severe hypoxia with 6% O2 increased the NA level from 30 to 66 nmol/l; the A level from 1 to 28 nmol/l and NPY from 140 to 213 pmol/l. After treatment with theophylline the baseline NA increased from 27 to 40 nmol/l, A rom 1.5 to 4.0 and NPY concentration from 65 to 171 pmol/l. Theophylline moderately enhanced the release of NPY, NA and A during the 12% O2 challenge. However, during the severe hypoxia (6%), the increase of NA (from 49 to 333 nmol/l), A (from 8 to 214 nmol/l) and NPY (from 184 to 385 pmol/l) showed considerably enhancement after the theophylline treatment. The results obtained before and after saline were similar showing that the duration of the experiments per se did not change the baseline levels or the effect of the challenges on NA, A or NPY levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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Vigdis Aas Siril S. Bakke Yuan Z. Feng Eili Tranheim Kase Jørgen Jensen Sudip Bajpeyi G. Hege Thoresen Arild C. Rustan 《Cell and tissue research》2013,354(3):671-682
Satellite cells can be isolated from skeletal muscle biopsies, activated to proliferating myoblasts and differentiated into multinuclear myotubes in culture. These cell cultures represent a model system for intact human skeletal muscle and can be modulated ex vivo. The advantages of this system are that the most relevant genetic background is available for the investigation of human disease (as opposed to rodent cell cultures), the extracellular environment can be precisely controlled and the cells are not immortalized, thereby offering the possibility of studying innate characteristics of the donor. Limitations in differentiation status (fiber type) of the cells and energy metabolism can be improved by proper treatment, such as electrical pulse stimulation to mimic exercise. This review focuses on the way that human myotubes can be employed as a tool for studying metabolism in skeletal muscles, with special attention to changes in muscle energy metabolism in obesity and type 2 diabetes. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: Top provide population based estimates of Pap smear screening results among women under 30 and to compare the outcomes of 2 triage options for women under 30 with a moderate dysplastic Pap smear: immediate biopsy vs. Pap smear follow-up. STUDY DESIGN: All Pap smears, histologically verified cervical intraepithelial lesion (CIN) 2/3 and invasive cervical cancer in 1999-2002 from women in Norway under 30 in 2000-2002 were analyzed. Due to different triage recommendations in different laboratories, 836 women under 30 with a moderately dysplastic Pap smear were recommended for immediate biopsy, while 109 were recommended for a Pap smear within 6 months. Risk estimates for triage outcome were estimated by multinominal logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of squamous intraepithelial lesion was highest around 20 years. The first moderate dysplasia was diagnosed at age 16, as was CIN 2/3. Of the women with Pap smear triage, one third were diagnosed with a CIN 2+ lesion, one third had a normal outcome, while the last third were in uncertain state 12 months later. Among those recommended for immediate biopsy, nearly 70% were diagnosed with a CIN 2+, thus having odds of 4.2 (95% CI 2.5-7.1) higher than did women with Pap smear triage of being diagnosed with CIN2+ 12 months later. CONCLUSION: The choice of triage has a profound impact on the proportion of young women diagnosed with CIN 2+ after a moderately dysplastic Pap smear. 相似文献
7.
Sigrid B. Thoresen Nina Marie Pedersen Knut Liestøl 《Experimental cell research》2010,316(20):3368-3378
The mammalian class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-III) complex regulates fundamental cellular functions, including growth factor receptor degradation, cytokinesis and autophagy. Recent studies suggest the existence of distinct PI3K-III sub-complexes that can potentially confer functional specificity. While a substantial body of work has focused on the roles of individual PI3K-III subunits in autophagy, functional studies on their contribution to endocytic receptor downregulation and cytokinesis are limited. We therefore sought to elucidate the specific nature of the PI3K-III complexes involved in these two processes. High-content microscopy-based assays combined with siRNA-mediated depletion of individual subunits indicated that a specific sub-complex containing VPS15, VPS34, Beclin 1, UVRAG and BIF-1 regulates both receptor degradation and cytokinesis, whereas ATG14L, a PI3K-III subunit involved in autophagy, is not required. The unanticipated role of UVRAG and BIF-1 in cytokinesis was supported by a strong localisation of these proteins to the midbody. Importantly, while the tumour suppressive functions of Beclin 1, UVRAG and BIF-1 have previously been ascribed to their roles in autophagy, these results open the possibility that they may also contribute to tumour suppression via downregulation of mitogenic signalling by growth factor receptors or preclusion of aneuploidy by ensuring faithful completion of cell division. 相似文献
8.
Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) increases fatty acid and glucose uptake in cultured human skeletal muscle cells 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Aas V Rokling-Andersen MH Kase ET Thoresen GH Rustan AC 《Journal of lipid research》2006,47(2):366-374
This study was conducted to evaluate the chronic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on fatty acid and glucose metabolism in human skeletal muscle cells. Uptake of [14C]oleate was increased >2-fold after preincubation of myotubes with 0.6 mM EPA for 24 h, and incorporation into various lipid classes showed that cellular triacylgycerol (TAG) and phospholipids were increased 2- to 3-fold compared with control cells. After exposure to oleic acid (OA), TAG was increased 2-fold. Insulin (100 nM) further increased the incorporation of [14C]oleate into all lipid classes for EPA-treated myotubes. Fatty acid beta-oxidation was unchanged, and complete oxidation (CO2) decreased in EPA-treated cells. Basal glucose transport and oxidation (CO2) were increased 2-fold after EPA, and insulin (100 nM) stimulated glucose transport and oxidation similarly in control and EPA-treated myotubes, whereas these responses to insulin were abolished after OA treatment. Lower concentrations of EPA (0.1 mM) also increased fatty acid and glucose uptake. CD36/FAT (fatty acid transporter) mRNA expression was increased after EPA and OA treatment compared with control cells. Moreover, GLUT1 expression was increased 2.5-fold by EPA, whereas GLUT4 expression was unchanged, and activities of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase were decreased after treatment with OA compared with EPA. Together, our data show that chronic exposure of myotubes to EPA promotes increased uptake and oxidation of glucose despite a markedly increased fatty acid uptake and synthesis of complex lipids. 相似文献
9.
Beclin 1, a subunit of the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, is a tumour suppressor with a central role in endocytic trafficking, cytokinesis and the cross-regulation between autophagy and apoptosis. Interestingly, not only reduced expression but also overexpression of Beclin 1 is correlated with cancer development and metastasis. Thus it seems necessary for the cell to balance the protein levels of Beclin 1. In the present study we describe a regulatory link between Beclin 1 and the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 (neural-precursor-cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 4). We establish Nedd4 as a novel binding partner of Beclin 1 and demonstrate that Nedd4 polyubiquitinates Beclin 1 with Lys11- and Lys63-linked chains. Importantly, Nedd4 expression controls the stability of Beclin 1, and depletion of the Beclin 1-interacting protein VPS34 causes Nedd4-mediated proteasomal degradation of Beclin 1 via Lys11-linked polyubiquitin chains. Beclin 1 is thus the first tumour suppressor reported to be controlled by Lys11-linked polyubiquitination. 相似文献
10.
Javaid Nauman Stian Thoresen Aspenes Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen Lars J. Vatten Ulrik Wisl?ff 《PloS one》2012,7(9)