全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1136篇 |
免费 | 116篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 17篇 |
2014年 | 40篇 |
2013年 | 37篇 |
2012年 | 51篇 |
2011年 | 56篇 |
2010年 | 40篇 |
2009年 | 31篇 |
2008年 | 47篇 |
2007年 | 55篇 |
2006年 | 35篇 |
2005年 | 38篇 |
2004年 | 44篇 |
2003年 | 24篇 |
2002年 | 28篇 |
2001年 | 27篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 23篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 16篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 25篇 |
1989年 | 28篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 22篇 |
1986年 | 18篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 30篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 19篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 24篇 |
1977年 | 20篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 12篇 |
1974年 | 14篇 |
1972年 | 12篇 |
1971年 | 11篇 |
1969年 | 10篇 |
1968年 | 9篇 |
1966年 | 9篇 |
1965年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有1252条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Sherry C. Wen Sharon J. Tollefson Monika Johnson Pavlo Gilchuk Kelli L. Boyd Bryan Shepherd Sebastian Joyce John V. Williams 《Journal of virology》2014,88(18):10963-10969
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major cause of respiratory disease. The role of NK cells in protection against HMPV is unclear. We show that while HMPV-infected C57BL/6 mice had higher numbers of functional lung NK cells than mock-treated mice, comparing NK cell-depleted and control mice did not reveal differences in lung viral titers, histopathology, cytokine levels, or T cell numbers or function. These data indicate that NK cells are not required for host control of HMPV. 相似文献
2.
3.
R J Noelle J Daum W C Bartlett J McCann D M Shepherd 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1991,146(4):1118-1124
Th physically interact with B cells and produce lymphokines that influence B cell growth and differentiation. The respective contribution of cell contact and lymphokines to induction of B cell growth and differentiation was addressed using purified plasma membranes (PM) from resting Th (PMrest) and anti-CD3-activated Th (PMCD3) together with lymphokines. Results show that PMCD3, but not PMrest, induce 10% of resting B cells to enter the G1 phase of the cell cycle, with few B cells entering G1b and S/G2. The inclusion of IL-4, but not IL-2, IL-5, or IFN-gamma, amplifies the B cell response to PMCD3 by increasing the total percentage of activatable B cells to greater than 40% and inducing B cell progression into G1b, S, and G2. Direct comparison between PMrest and PMCD3 purified from Th1 and Th2 indicate that both Th1 and Th2 induce similar levels of B cell proliferation in the presence of IL-4. Further, the lymphokine requirements for B cell proliferation induced by PMCD3 from Th1 and Th2 is indistinguishable. B cell differentiation to IgM, IgG1, and IgG2a synthesis by PMCD3 required IL-4 and IL-5. Using lymphokine conditions that supported B cell differentiation, PMCD3 purified from Th1 and Th2 induced similar levels of IgM, and IgG1. Given the functional data on PMCD3 from Th1 and Th2, the data indicate that there are no substantive differences between Th1- and Th2-derived PMCD3, and that the major differences in the ability of viable Th1 and Th2 to activate B cells is the lymphokines produced by the cells. 相似文献
4.
5.
An evaluation of methods for the simultaneous detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts from water. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Methods for the simultaneous detection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia cysts from water are described and their relative recovery efficiencies are assessed for seeded samples of both tap and river water. Cartridge filtration, membrane filtration, and calcium carbonate flocculation were evaluated, and steps to optimize the concentration procedures were undertaken. Increasing centrifugation to 5,000 x g, coupled with staining in suspension, was found to increase the overall efficiency of recovery of both cysts and oocysts. Cartridge filtration for both cysts and oocysts was examined by use of 100-liter volumes of both tap and river water. Improvements in recovery were observed for Cryptosporidium oocysts after extra washes of the filters. Calcium carbonate flocculation gave the maximum recovery for both Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts and for both water types. A variety of 142-mm membranes was examined by use of 10-liter seeded samples of tap and river water. Cellulose acetate with a 1.2-micron pore size provided the best results for Cryptosporidium oocysts, and cellulose nitrate with a 3.0-micron pore size did so for Giardia cysts. 相似文献
6.
Effect of calcium ion uptake on Candida albicans morphology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In liquid culture using a synthetic medium, added magnesium but not calcium was required for exponential growth of Candida albicans yeast cells. However, medium without added divalent cations supported 2-3 generations of yeast growth or germ tube induction. The addition of calcium ions (1.0 mM) at any stage during the induction of germ tube formation caused reversion to a yeast mode of growth, in contrast to the effect of zinc and cobalt ions which were toxic to all growth. Inhibition of germ tube formation by calcium was not observed in the presence of either magnesium (10 microM) or manganese (100 microM). The presence of either of these ions caused inhibition of 45Ca uptake in yeast cultures. We conclude that unrestricted calcium uptake resulted in the specific inhibition of C. albicans mycelial growth, indicating a critical role for calcium in the regulation of C. albicans morphogenesis. 相似文献
7.
8.
The floral morphology of seven Oxypetalum species and, in particular, the spatial relationship between the five stigmatic chambers and two separate ovaries of their
flowers with respect to transmission of the pollen tube are studied. In all species, except O. banksii subsp. banksii, floral morphology is similar to that in other Asclepiadeae, and the flowers pollinated with one pollinium develop only one
follicle, which means compitum absence. In O. banksii subsp. banksii flowers, the secretory interstaminal tissue lines the inner walls of the stigmatic chambers as in the other species studied,
but it also reaches the upper part of the inner surface of the filament tube, where it surrounds the styles, an unprecedented
feature for Asclepiadaceae. This tissue secretes nectar and mucilage; the latter acts as transmitting medium for the growth
of pollen tubes from pollinia inserted and hydrated in stigmatic chambers (“hyperstigmas”). Mucilage also functions as an
extragynoecial compitum: in flowers pollinated with one pollinium both carpels develop into a follicle.
Received August 28, 2001; accepted April 9, 2002 Published online: October 14, 2002
Addresses of the authors: Milene Faria Vieira (e-mail: mfvieira@mail.ufv.br), Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade
Federal de Vi?osa, 36571-000, Vi?osa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. George John Shepherd, Departamento de Botanica, Instituto de Biologia,
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, C.P. 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, S?o Paulo, Brazil. 相似文献
9.
The relative metobolic turnover rates of labeled histone fractions and of their labeled acetyl groups were determined in random cultures of exponentially-growing mammalian cells. Both the parent histones and their acetyl groups were conserved, neither exhibiting detectable metabolic turnover. The significance of these observations is discussed. 相似文献
10.
Emmanuel Grellety Susan Shepherd Thomas Roederer Mahamane L. Manzo St��phane Doyon Eric-Alain Ategbo Rebecca F. Grais 《PloS one》2012,7(9)