Tertiary educational assessment with mean individual level knowledge.

It is proposed that Tertiary Educational Assessment should be made using a Curve-Unifying Paradigm with its Scientific And Ultra-Conservative Experiment Ratio. Central Ranking Evaluation And Marking was used to process examination results, generating the Mean Individual Level Knowledge for the group. The concept of MILK grew from the need to encourage the average examination candidate and with it came the need for a Judgmental Understanding Goal. The results of some candidates required further handling by the addition of Student''s Universal Grade Averaging Regimen.     

Phytotransformation of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and distribution of metabolic products in Myriophyllum aquaticum

Dissolved [U-ring-C]2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, when exposed to Myriophyllum aquaticum plants, was transformed with approximately 30% of products recovered in the aqueous medium, regardless of incubation period. The remaining fraction was retained inside of the plant and was distributed throughout various anatomical structures. After five days of incubation the plant associated fraction became increasingly resistant to extraction with methanol. The plant associated accumulation of C was highest in roots.     

Development and validation of a cytochrome c-coupled assay for pteridine reductase 1 and dihydrofolate reductase

Activity of the pterin- and folate-salvaging enzymes pteridine reductase 1 (PTR1) and dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthetase (DHFR-TS) is commonly measured as a decrease in absorbance at 340 nm, corresponding to oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). Although this assay has been adequate to study the biology of these enzymes, it is not amenable to support any degree of routine inhibitor assessment because its restricted linearity is incompatible with enhanced throughput microtiter plate screening. In this article, we report the development and validation of a nonenzymatically coupled screening assay in which the product of the enzymatic reaction reduces cytochrome c, causing an increase in absorbance at 550 nm. We demonstrate this assay to be robust and accurate, and we describe its utility in supporting a structure-based design, small-molecule inhibitor campaign against Trypanosoma brucei PTR1 and DHFR-TS.