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1.
ObjectivesThe aim of the present study is to evaluate, in a ligature-induced peri-implantitis model, the efficacy of three antimicrobial glassy coatings in the prevention of biofilm formation, intrasulcular bacterial growth and the resulting peri-implant bone loss.MethodsMandibular premolars were bilaterally extracted from five beagle dogs. Four dental implants were inserted on each hemiarch. Eight weeks after, one control zirconia abutment and three with different bactericidal coatings (G1n-Ag, ZnO35, G3) were connected. After a plaque control period, bacterial accumulation was allowed and biofilm formation on abutments was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Peri-implantitis was induced by cotton ligatures. Microbial samples and peri-implant crestal bone levels of all implant sites were obtained before, during and after the breakdown period.ResultsDuring experimental induce peri-implantitis: colony forming units counts from intrasulcular microbial samples at implants with G1n-Ag coated abutment remained close to the basal inoculum; G3 and ZnO35 coatings showed similar low counts; and anaerobic bacterias counts at control abutments exhibited a logarithmic increase by more than 2. Bone loss during passive breakdown period was no statistically significant. Additional bone loss occurred during ligature-induce breakdown: 0.71 (SD 0.48) at G3 coating, 0.57 (SD 0.36) at ZnO35 coating, 0.74 (SD 0.47) at G1n-Ag coating, and 1.29 (SD 0.45) at control abutments; and statistically significant differences (p<0.001) were found. The lowest bone loss at the end of the experiment was exhibited by implants dressing G3 coated abutments (mean 2.1; SD 0.42).SignificanceAntimicrobial glassy coatings could be a useful tool to ward off, diminish or delay peri-implantitis progression.  相似文献   
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Plant dry matter (DM) partitioning, survival rates, stem anatomy,and stem water conductivity were investigated in wild-type (WT)and long-hypocotyl (lh) mutant seedlings of cucumber (Cucumissativus) grown as isolated individuals under natural radiation.The lh mutant is severely deficient in phytochrome B. Wild-typeseedlings accumulated more DM than lh seedlings over a 4-weekgrowth period in the glasshouse. Leaf and root DM were higherin the WT but stem DM was higher in the lh mutant. Stem DM perunit length was larger in WT than in lh mutant seedlings, evenwhen the two genotypes were compared at equal whole plant DM,which was achieved by growing the plants under different irradiance.In WT seedlings, the hypocotyl was shorter but thicker, withlarger average cell diameter than the lh mutant. In hypocotyltransverse sections the area occupied by load-bearing tissues(xylem and phloem fibres) and the number and diameter of xylemvessels were larger in WT than lh seedlings. Survival ratesof the lh mutant were normal in the glasshouse but very lowoutdoors due to hypocotyl fracture. The water conductivity ofhypocotyl sections was higher in WT than lh seedlings, but nosignificant differences in water conductivity were observedwhen the root remained attached to the hypocotyl. These resultssuggest (a) that compared to the WT, tall and slender lh plantsare more susceptible to mechanical stresses created by windimpact, and (b) that if the lh lesion affects the phyB geneonly, phytochrome B plays a role in the elicitation of anatomicaland morphological changes that specifically increase fitnessin open environments.Copyright 1994, 1999 Academic Press Cucumis sativus (cucumber), light phenotypes, phytochrome, photomorphogenesis, shade phenotypes, stem growth  相似文献   
4.
Summary A practical procedure has been developed for the chemoselective microbial hydrolysis of aromatic dicarboxylic esters to give the corresponding monoesters, using cellular lysate and whole cell of Brevibacterium imperiale B222. The produced monoesters can be transformed into hydroxyacids, useful intermediates in the synthesis of polyesters.  相似文献   
5.
The aim of this work was to study the effects of colchicine application on chromosome doubling and androgenic response in anther and microspore culture of different bread wheat genotypes. Colchicine was applied during a mannitol stress pretreatment or during the first 48 h of culture at concentrations of 0, 150 and 300 mg l−1. When colchicine was applied during stress pretreatment, the percentage of doubling depended on genotype and concentration. A significant increase in doubling was observed with 300 mg l−1 in the low androgenic responding cv. Caramba. Colchicine incorporation during the first hours of culture improved percentage of doubling in all genotypes, in both anther and microspore culture. Application of 300 mg l−1 colchicine improved the percentage of doubling in the two low responding genotypes, to 118% of control in DH24033, and 75% in Caramba in microspore and anther culture, respectively. Concerning the androgenic response, the effect of colchicine on embryo formation and percentage of green plants depended on the genotype and on the culture method. In cv. Pavon, a 2- and a 3-fold increase in percentage of embryogenesis and green plants, respectively, were obtained with 300 mg l−1 colchicine in microspore culture. However, no significant differences in these two variables were observed in anther culture. The number of green doubled haploid (DH) plants reflects the index of success of the procedure. Regardless of the culture method, when colchicine was incorporated during the first hours of culture, the number of green DH plants increased significantly in three of four genotypes. These results confirm the usefulness of colchicine application during the first hours of culture in wheat breeding programs.  相似文献   
6.
Genetic variation at 10 enzyme loci was analysed in Elysia timida sacoglossan mollusc samples, originating from both coastal lagoon and marine sites. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.390 (Los Urrutias) to 0.277 (Tabarca). Marine and coastal lagoon populations were characterised by exclusive alleles.  相似文献   
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Edwards , George A., and Mercedes R. Edwards . (Div. Labs, and Research, N.Y.S. Dept. of Health, Albany.) The intracellular membranes of Blastomyces dermatitidis. Amer. Jour. Bot. 47 (8): 622–632. Illus. 1960.—The yeast cells of Blastomyces dermatitidis have been studied in thin sections with the electron microscope. The cell is multinucleate, and the nuclei are frequently interconnected by their outer limiting membranes. The cell is bordered by a cell wall and the plasma membrane, which may be seen in direct continuity with the nuclear envelope. The cytoplasm contains numerous mitochondria, many profiles of the endoplasmic reticulum, and few multivesicular bodies. The membranes of all the constant cellular components are interconnected. Mitochondria appear to be formed from any of several membrane systems. The micromorphology of the cell suggests efficiency of communication and cytoplasmic mobility.  相似文献   
8.
Glycophorin from the human erythrocyte membrane has been isolated in pure form and reconstituted into large unilamellar vesicles comprised of binary mixtures of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and chain perdeuterated 1,2-dimyristoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC-d54). The effect of temperature and protein on lipid structure and mixing was monitored by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; deuteration of one of the components of the mixture permits observation of the protein interaction with each lipid species. The melting curves were analyzed by assuming that each lipid chain can exist in one of two physical states (i.e., gel or liquid crystalline), characterized by a temperature-dependent Lorentzian distribution for the line shape of the C-H or C-D stretching vibrations. The fraction of each lipid component melted at temperatures within the two-phase region of the phase diagram was calculated and approximate phase diagrams were constructed. Addition of protein lowers the liquidus line of the phase diagram while leaving the solidus line essentially unchanged. No lipid phase separation is observed. The effect of protein is more pronounced on the DPPC component than on the DMPC-d54. The former is significantly more disordered and/or fluidized at all lipid mole fractions in the ternary system than in the binary phospholipid mixture.  相似文献   
9.
We measured the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH-D3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-[OH]2-D3) in 23 different Platyrrhines from four different genera and in 21 Catarrhines from six different genera in residence at the Los Angeles Zoo. The mean (±S.E.) serum concentration of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 was significantly greater in Platyrrhines (810 ± 119 pg/ml) than in Catarrhines (61 ± 5 pg/ml), suggesting that high circulating concentrations of the active vitamin D hormone were a characteristic of New World primates in both the Cebidae and Callitrichidae family. This increase in the serum concentration of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 is probably an adaptational response on the part of Platyrrhini to offset a relative decrease in the concentration of specific receptor for 1,25-(OH)2-D3 in target tissues for the hormone.  相似文献   
10.
The major fungal pathogen Candida albicans has the metabolic flexibility to assimilate a wide range of nutrients in its human host. Previous studies have suggested that C. albicans can encounter glucose‐poor microenvironments during infection and that the ability to use alternative non‐fermentable carbon sources contributes to its virulence. JEN1 encodes a monocarboxylate transporter in C. albicans and we show that its paralogue, JEN2, encodes a novel dicarboxylate plasma membrane transporter, subjected to glucose repression. A strain deleted in both genes lost the ability to transport lactic, malic and succinic acids by a mediated mechanism and it displayed a growth defect on these substrates. Although no significant morphogenetic or virulence defects were found in the double mutant strain, both JEN1 and JEN2 were strongly induced during infection. Jen1‐GFP (green fluorescent protein) and Jen2‐GFP were upregulated following the phagocytosis of C. albicans cells by neutrophils and macrophages, displaying similar behaviour to an Icl1‐GFP fusion. In the murine model of systemic candidiasis approximately 20–25% of C. albicans cells infecting the kidney expressed Jen1‐GFP and Jen2‐GFP. Our data suggest that Jen1 and Jen2 are expressed in glucose‐poor niches within the host, and that these short‐chain carboxylic acid transporters may be important in the early stages of infection.  相似文献   
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