全文获取类型
收费全文 | 13617篇 |
免费 | 880篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 129篇 |
2019年 | 94篇 |
2018年 | 137篇 |
2017年 | 110篇 |
2016年 | 203篇 |
2015年 | 328篇 |
2014年 | 355篇 |
2013年 | 800篇 |
2012年 | 665篇 |
2011年 | 627篇 |
2010年 | 340篇 |
2009年 | 384篇 |
2008年 | 613篇 |
2007年 | 587篇 |
2006年 | 586篇 |
2005年 | 594篇 |
2004年 | 622篇 |
2003年 | 595篇 |
2002年 | 554篇 |
2001年 | 542篇 |
2000年 | 528篇 |
1999年 | 431篇 |
1998年 | 171篇 |
1997年 | 148篇 |
1996年 | 133篇 |
1995年 | 109篇 |
1994年 | 126篇 |
1993年 | 126篇 |
1992年 | 329篇 |
1991年 | 309篇 |
1990年 | 309篇 |
1989年 | 282篇 |
1988年 | 241篇 |
1987年 | 238篇 |
1986年 | 211篇 |
1985年 | 181篇 |
1984年 | 137篇 |
1983年 | 132篇 |
1982年 | 114篇 |
1981年 | 107篇 |
1980年 | 89篇 |
1979年 | 113篇 |
1978年 | 91篇 |
1977年 | 80篇 |
1976年 | 81篇 |
1975年 | 71篇 |
1974年 | 87篇 |
1973年 | 93篇 |
1971年 | 67篇 |
1969年 | 66篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Xylan Synthase Activity in Isolated Mesophyll Cells of Zinnia elegans during Differentiation to Tracheary Elements 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Suzuki Kaoru; Ingold Edgar; Sugiyama Munetaka; Komamine Atsushi 《Plant & cell physiology》1991,32(2):303-306
A paniculate fraction obtained from mesophyll cells of Zinniaelegans that were differentiating into tracheary elements exhibitedxylan synthase activity, catalyzing the transfer of MC-xylosefrom UDP-D-[U-14C]-xylose into 1,4-linked xylan. The activityincreased transiently at the same time as thickening of secondarycell walls occurred, a process that is accompanied by the depositionof cellulose, xylan and lignin. (Received August 3, 1990; Accepted December 6, 1990) 相似文献
4.
Carl W. White Dee-dee H. Nguyen Keiichiro Suzuki Naoyuki Taniguchi Lee S. Rusakow Karen B. Avraham Yoram Groner 《Free radical biology & medicine》1993,15(6):629-636
In evaluating the relative expression of copper-zinc and manganese superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD and MnSOD) in vivo in states like Down syndrome in which one dismutase is present at increased levels, we measured activities of both enzymes, in tissues of control and transgenic mice constitutively expressing increased levels of CuZnSOD, during exposure to normal and elevated oxygen tensions. Using SOD gel electrophoresis assay, CuZnSOD and MnSOD activities of brain, lung, heart, kidney, and liver from mice exposed to either normal (21%) or elevated (>99% oxygen, 630 torr) oxygen tensions for 120 h were compared. Whereas CuZnSOD activity was elevated in tissues of transgenic relative to control mice under both normoxic or hyperoxic conditions, MnSOD activities in organs of transgenic mice were remarkably similar to those of controls under both conditions. To confirm the accuracy of this method in quantitating MnSOD relative to CuZnSOD expression, two other methods were utilized. In lung, which is the organ exposed to the highest oxygen tension during ambient hyperoxia, a sensitive, specific ELISA for MnSOD was used. Again, MnSOD protein was not different in transgenic relative to control mice during exposure to air or hyperoxia. In addition, lung MnSOD protein was not changed significantly by exposure to hyperoxia in either group. In kidney, a mitochondrion-rich organ, SOD assay, before and after inactivation of CuZnSOD with diethyldithiocarbamate, was used. MnSOD activity was not different in organs from air-exposed transgenic relative to control mice. The data indicated that expression of MnSOD in vivo was not affected by overexpression of the CuZnSOD and, therefore, the two enzymes are probably regulated independently. 相似文献
5.
Demonstration of neutralizing autoantibodies against IL-1 alpha in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
H Suzuki J Kamimura T Ayabe H Kashiwagi 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1990,145(7):2140-2146
We have recently reported the presence of IgG which has a potent inhibitory activity against IL-1 alpha in some sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The mechanism of this inhibition by IgG against IL-1 alpha is now elucidated. IgG with IL-1 alpha-inhibitory activity inhibited the binding of 125I-IL-1 alpha to receptors on rheumatoid synovial cells. In addition, preincubation of synovial cells with the inhibitory IgG did not block the binding of 125I-IL-1 alpha to receptors, suggesting a direct interaction between IgG and IL-1 alpha. To examine which region of the IgG, namely Fab or Fc region, has the inhibitory activity, the IgG was digested with papain, and Fab and Fc fragments were purified. Fab fragments, but not Fc fragments, inhibited both IL-1 alpha-induced thymocyte-proliferation and the binding of 125I-IL-1 alpha to receptors. We further demonstrated that the inhibitory IgG which was bound to protein A Sepharose could bind a significant amount of 125I-IL-1 alpha, whereas only a negligible binding of the radiolabeled ligand was detected when IgG without the inhibitory activity was used as control. Moreover, the binding of 125I-IL-1 alpha to IgG with the inhibitory activity was clearly blocked by Fab fragments of IgG having the inhibitory activity. Finally, affinity-purified IgG over an IL-alpha affinity column showed approximately 100-fold more potent inhibitory activity on IL-1 alpha-induced thymocyte proliferation compared with untreated IgG. From these results, we conclude that IgG molecules with IL-1-alpha-inhibitory activity are neutralizing autoantibodies against IL-1 alpha. 相似文献
6.
Jun-ichi Iwata Akiko Suzuki Richard C. Pelikan Thach-Vu Ho Yang Chai 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2013,288(41):29760-29770
Microglossia is a congenital birth defect in humans and adversely impacts quality of life. In vertebrates, tongue muscle derives from the cranial mesoderm, whereas tendons and connective tissues in the craniofacial region originate from cranial neural crest (CNC) cells. Loss of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) type II receptor in CNC cells in mice (Tgfbr2fl/fl;Wnt1-Cre) causes microglossia due to a failure of cell-cell communication between cranial mesoderm and CNC cells during tongue development. However, it is still unclear how TGFβ signaling in CNC cells regulates the fate of mesoderm-derived myoblasts during tongue development. Here we show that activation of the cytoplasmic and nuclear tyrosine kinase 1 (ABL1) cascade in Tgfbr2fl/fl;Wnt1-Cre mice results in a failure of CNC-derived cell differentiation followed by a disruption of TGFβ-mediated induction of growth factors and reduction of myogenic cell proliferation and differentiation activities. Among the affected growth factors, the addition of fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) and neutralizing antibody for follistatin (FST; an antagonist of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)) could most efficiently restore cell proliferation, differentiation, and organization of muscle cells in the tongue of Tgfbr2fl/fl;Wnt1-Cre mice. Thus, our data indicate that CNC-derived fibroblasts regulate the fate of mesoderm-derived myoblasts through TGFβ-mediated regulation of FGF and BMP signaling during tongue development. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
T Inoue N Nishio S Suzuki K Kataoka T Kohzuma Y Kai 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1999,274(25):17845-17852
The crystal structures of oxidized and reduced pseudoazurins from a denitrifying bacterium, Achromobacter cycloclastes IAM1013, have been determined at 1.35- and 1.6-A resolutions, respectively. The copper site in the oxidized state exhibits a distorted tetrahedral structure like those of other pseudoazurins. However, not only a small change of the copper geometry, but concerted peptide bond flips are identified. The imidazole ring of remote His6 has a hydrogen bonding distance of 2.73 A between N-delta1(His6) and O-gamma1(Thr36) in the oxidized protein. When the protein is reduced at pH 6.0, the imidazole ring rotates by 30.3 degrees and moves 1.00 A away from the position of the oxidized state. A new hydrogen bond between N-epsilon2(His6) and O-epsilon1(Glu4) is formed with a distance of 3.03 A, while the hydrogen bond between N-delta1(His6)-O-gamma1(Thr36) is maintained with an interatomic distance of 2.81 A. A concomitant peptide bond flip of main chain between Ile34 and Thr36 occurs. 相似文献
10.
Shin-ichiro Kurimoto Kyoko Suzuki Mamoru Okasaka Yoshiki Kashiwada Olimjon K. Kodzhimatov Yoshihisa Takaishi 《Phytochemistry letters》2012,5(4):729-733
Five new eudesmane- (1–5), two new guaiane- (6 and 7) and one new germacrane-type (8) sesquiterpene lactone glucosides were isolated from the H2O-soluble fraction of the roots of Ferula varia. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by modified Mosher's method. 相似文献