首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   32830篇
  免费   3515篇
  国内免费   1534篇
  2023年   265篇
  2022年   324篇
  2021年   788篇
  2020年   861篇
  2019年   961篇
  2018年   1035篇
  2017年   857篇
  2016年   1127篇
  2015年   1863篇
  2014年   2146篇
  2013年   2390篇
  2012年   3034篇
  2011年   2699篇
  2010年   1841篇
  2009年   1665篇
  2008年   2099篇
  2007年   1902篇
  2006年   1706篇
  2005年   1579篇
  2004年   1511篇
  2003年   1314篇
  2002年   1083篇
  2001年   783篇
  2000年   651篇
  1999年   623篇
  1998年   349篇
  1997年   260篇
  1996年   230篇
  1995年   218篇
  1994年   195篇
  1993年   142篇
  1992年   211篇
  1991年   176篇
  1990年   138篇
  1989年   132篇
  1988年   84篇
  1987年   83篇
  1986年   71篇
  1985年   51篇
  1984年   27篇
  1983年   45篇
  1982年   29篇
  1981年   26篇
  1980年   26篇
  1979年   36篇
  1978年   26篇
  1977年   31篇
  1975年   24篇
  1974年   23篇
  1970年   22篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 34 毫秒
1.

Key message

Twenty-seven QTLs were identified for rice seed vigor, in which 16 were novel QTLs. Fifteen elite parental combinations were designed for improving seed vigor in rice.

Abstract

Seed vigor is closely related to direct seeding in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Previous quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies for seed vigor were mainly derived from bi-parental segregating populations and no report from natural populations. In this study, association mapping for seed vigor was performed on a selected sample of 540 rice cultivars (419 from China and 121 from Vietnam). Population structure was estimated on the basis of 262 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Seed vigor was evaluated by root length (RL), shoot length (SL) and shoot dry weight in 2011 and 2012. Abundant phenotypic and genetic diversities were found in the studied population. The population was divided into seven subpopulations, and the levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) ranged from 10 to 80 cM. We identified 27 marker–trait associations involving 18 SSR markers for three traits. According to phenotypic effects for alleles of the detected QTLs, elite alleles were mined. These elite alleles could be used to design parental combinations and the expected results would be obtained by pyramiding or substituting the elite alleles per QTL (apart from possible epistatic effects). Our results demonstrate that association mapping can complement and enhance previous QTL information for marker-assisted selection and breeding by design.  相似文献   
2.
3.
By integrating next‐generation sequencing (NGS), bioinformatics, electron microscopy and conventional molecular biology tools, a new virus infecting kiwifruit vines has been identified and characterized. Being associated with double‐membrane‐bound bodies in infected tissues and having a genome composed of RNA segments, each one containing a single open reading frame in negative polarity, this virus shows the typical features of members of the genus Emaravirus. Five genomic RNA segments were identified. Additional molecular signatures in the viral RNAs and in the proteins they encode, together with data from phylogenetic analyses, support the proposal of creating a new species in the genus Emaravirus to classify the novel virus, which is tentatively named Actinidia chlorotic ringspot‐associated virus (AcCRaV). Bioassays showed that AcCRaV is mechanically transmissible to Nicotiana benthamiana plants which, in turn, may develop chlorotic spots and ringspots. Field surveys disclosed the presence of AcCRaV in four different species of kiwifruit vines in five different provinces of central and western China, and support the association of the novel virus with symptoms of leaf chlorotic ringspots in Actinidia. Data on the molecular features of small RNAs of 21–24 nucleotides, derived from AcCRaV RNAs targeted by host RNA silencing mechanisms, are also reported, and possible molecular pathways involved in their biogenesis are discussed.  相似文献   
4.
运用常规石蜡切片法和细胞学压片法,对焕镛木[Woonyoungia septentrionalis (Dandy) Law]小孢子发生、雄配子体发育以及花粉萌发进行观察分析.结果显示:焕镛木花单性,雄花的雄蕊多数、离生,每一花药具4个花粉囊,花药壁5~7层.腺质绒毡层具1~2层细胞;小孢子形成时胞质分裂方式为修饰性同时型;四分体排列方式以四面体型为主,并有交叉型和左右对称型,偶见T型和直线型;成熟花粉粒为二细胞型花粉粒.小孢子发生和雄配子体发育过程中存在变形及败育现象.花粉萌发率为79.89%~80.62%.结合焕镛木花粉粒数目和萌发率的分析认为,雄配子体发育中的败育不是影响焕镛木濒危的主要因素.  相似文献   
5.
6.
7.
The functional efficacy of colocalized, linked protein domains is dependent on linker flexibility and system compaction. However, the detailed characterization of these properties in aqueous solution presents an enduring challenge. Here, we employ a novel, to our knowledge, combination of complementary techniques, including small-angle neutron scattering, neutron spin-echo spectroscopy, and all-atom molecular dynamics and coarse-grained simulation, to identify and characterize in detail the structure and dynamics of a compact form of mercuric ion reductase (MerA), an enzyme central to bacterial mercury resistance. MerA possesses metallochaperone-like N-terminal domains (NmerA) tethered to its catalytic core domain by linkers. The NmerA domains are found to interact principally through electrostatic interactions with the core, leashed by the linkers so as to subdiffuse on the surface over an area close to the core C-terminal Hg(II)-binding cysteines. How this compact, dynamical arrangement may facilitate delivery of Hg(II) from NmerA to the core domain is discussed.  相似文献   
8.
The insulin receptor (IR) binds insulin and plays important roles in glucose homeostasis by regulating the tyrosine kinase activity at its C-terminus. Its transmembrane domain (TMD) is shown to be important for transferring conformational changes induced by insulin across the cell membrane to regulate kinase activity. In this study, a construct IR940–988 containing the TMD was expressed and purified for structural studies. Its solution structure in dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) micelles was determined. The sequence containing residues L962 to Y976 of the TMD of the IR in micelles adopts a well-defined helical structure with a kink formed by glycine and proline residues present at its N-terminus, which might be important for its function. Paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) and relaxation experimental results suggest that residues following the TMD are flexible and expose to aqueous solution. Although purified IR940–988 in micelles existed mainly as a monomeric form verified by gel filtration and relaxation analysis, cross-linking study suggests that it may form a dimer or oligomers under micelle conditions.  相似文献   
9.
10.
A system of capillary silica monolith with bovine serum albumin (BSA) functionalized through two approaches for affinity monolithic capillary electrochromatography (AMCEC) was developed. Covalent immobilization conditions for two different Schiff base methods, which employed 3-glycidopropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTS) and 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTS) as starting materials, respectively, were investigated to obtain good and stable chiral separation. The BSA immobilized silica monoliths were evaluated in terms of morphology, electroosmotic flow, retention time, column efficiency and resolution of model compound (±)-tryptophan. The columns exhibited satisfactory run-to-run, column-to-column repeatability and maintained their enantioselectivity for more than 3 months. Both developed methods can baseline separate tryptophan enantiomers, whereas shorter retention time, better column efficiency, and enantiomeric recognition between two pairs of drug enantiomers (pantoprazole and atenolol) were obtained by the GPTS method.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号