Diagnostic importance of determining leucine aminotransferase activity in acute pancreatitis

It has been experimentally and clinically established that the determination of leucine-aminotransferase activity in the blood serum and abdominal exudate may serve as a marker for the early determination of pancreonecrosis and edematous (serous) pancreatitis.     

The state of hyporeactivity in interferon production: localization and partial purification of the factor repressing the interferon production

The hyporeactivity factor in interferon production by L-929 cells designated IRP (interferon repressing protein) has been studied. In particular, its localization and methods of its purification have been studied. The kinetics of IRP accumulation by producing cells correlate with the development of hyporeactivity condition. Most of IRP is localized in cell sap and in ribosomal fraction in evidence to regulatory role of repressor at the level of interferon mRNA translation. A 100-fold increase in repressor activity was achieved by IRP concentration by ammonium sulfate precipitation. IRP as well as interferon have been shown to possess high affinity to polyU sepharose. The preparations of IRP and interferon concentrated by ammonium sulfate precipitation were subsequently purified by fractioning in a polyI sepharose column. A 10,000-fold (6 x 10(4) U/mg) purification was achieved for IRP and 250-fold (10(4) U/mg) for interferon.     

Mechanical properties of DNA films

The Young's dynamical modulus (E) and the DNA film logarithmic decrement (theta) at frequencies from 50 Hz to 20 kHz are measured. These values are investigated as functions of the degree of hydration and temperature. Isotherms of DNA film hydration at 25 degrees C are measured. The process of film hydration changing with temperature is studied. It is shown that the Young's modulus for wet DNA films (E = 0.02-0.025 GN m-2) strongly increases with decreasing hydration and makes E = 0.5-0.7 GN m-2. Dependence of E on hydration is of a complex character. Young's modulus of denatured DNA films is larger than that of native ones. All peculiarities of changing of E and theta of native DNA films (observed at variation of hydration) vanish in the case of denatured ones. The native and denatured DNA films isotherms are different and depend on the technique of denaturation. The Young's modulus of DNA films containing greater than 1 g H2O/g dry DNA is found to decrease with increasing temperature, undergoing a number of step-like changes accompanied by changes in the film hydration. At low water content (less than 0.3 g H2O/g dry DNA), changing of E with increasing temperature takes place smoothly. The denaturation temperature is a function of the water content.     

European checkerspots (Melitaeini: Lepidoptera,Nymphalidae) are not aposematic – the point of view of great tits (Parus major)

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Differences between integrin α5β1 and EGRF receptor in signal pathways controlling proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7/Dox human breast carcinoma cells

In MCF-7/Dox human breast carcinoma cells, down-regulation of integrin α5β1 and inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) markedly reduced cell proliferation. Cell cycle analysis showed that α5β1 down-regulation resulted in cycle arrest at the S-phase, followed by a significant increase in the population of apoptotic cells (subG₁ population). Inhibition of EGFR activity also caused cell cycle arrest at the S-phase but without any increase in the subG₁ population. Down-regulation of α5β1 and EGFR inhibition resulted in a significant decrease of cell content of the active (phosphorylated) forms of FAK and Erk protein kinases. The data obtained suggest that α5β1 integrin is implicated in cell growth control via inhibition of apoptotic cell death and through EGFR activation.     

The influence of examination stress on psychophysiological characteristics and heart rate in students

With the aim to assess the influence of pre-examination psychoemotional stress on the level of centralization of the heart rate control, mathematical analysis of ECG of students was performed in normal condition (a common day of academic semester), before, and after an examination. The ECG was recorded and processed with the help of IBM-486 PC. R-R cardiointevalograms were processed by the method of variational pulsometry after Baevsky. Common quantitative heart rate indices were studied. The level of anxiety of students was assessed by Spilberger, and subjective estimations of general condition, activity and mood were obtained from the respective questionnaire. Three types of heart rate reactions on the examination stress were revealed. The reactions depended on the individual typological characteristics and the state of autonomic nervous system.     

Shifts in phospholipid composition of the nuclear matrix in rat liver cells exposed to insulin

It was shown that the total content of phospholipids of rat liver nuclear matrix increased after in vivo action of insulin (2 units per 100 g of animal weight). At the same time the sphyngomyelin content was increased and the content of phosphatydilcholine and phoshpatydilinositol was decreased significantly under the hormone action. The decreasing of monophosphoinositides amount was accompanied by the increasing of triphosphoinositides content which indicates the redistribution among the phosphoinositides fractions under the hormone action and may be the result of insulin initiation of phosphoinositide pathway in nuclear membrances.     

A genetic analysis of endocrine diseases of the thyroid and pancreas

The genetic determination of insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus and thyroid gland diseases (TGD) was carried out using clinical-genealogical data on 229 patients with IDDM, 275 patient with NIDDM, 247 patients with TGD and their relatives. Results of component decomposition showed the role of genetic factors in the determination of these diseases and the existence of interloci interaction in genetic control of IDDM and NIDDM. The genetic independence of these diseases and genetic homogeneity of NIDDM were revealed using models of Ch. Smith and T. Reich.     

Isolation of neurocysticercosis-related antigens from a genomic phage display library of Taenia solium

In this study, the authors have generated a tapeworm Taenia solium genomic DNA expression library where foreign peptides/proteins were fused to N-termini of M13 cpVIII and expressed at a high copy number on the phage surface, and they showed that this library may be used in bioselection against antipathogen immune sera, allowing the identification of disease-related antigens recognizing antibodies present in clinical samples. They isolated 2 phage clones expressing T. solium-derived antigens specifically reacting with antibodies present in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid samples of neuroimaging-confirmed neurocysticercosis patients. The described antigen discovery strategy may be used for the direct identification of antigens useful for host-pathogen interaction studies as well as for the development of molecular vaccines and diagnostics.     

Neutral lipids of nuclear membranes and chromatin in rat liver after hydrocortisone administration

It is shown that over 80% of nuclear neutral lipids are found in the nuclear membrane preparations, whereas only 7%--in chromatin. The injection of hydrocortisone to animals significantly decreases the neutral lipids content in both fractions. These results and the data obtained previously by the authors indicate the possible participation of nuclear membrane and chromatin lipids in the process of hormonal regulation of the genetic activity.