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排序方式: 共有158条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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2.
Modulation of Rat Cecal Microbiota by Administration of Raffinose and Encapsulated Bifidobacterium breve 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Achmad Dinoto Akarat Suksomcheep Satoshi Ishizuka Hanae Kimura Satoshi Hanada Yoichi Kamagata Kozo Asano Fusao Tomita Atsushi Yokota 《Applied microbiology》2006,72(1):784-792
To investigate the effects of administration of raffinose and encapsulated Bifidobacterium breve JCM 1192T cells on the rat cecal microbiota, in a preclinical synbiotic study groups of male WKAH/Hkm Slc rats were fed for 3 weeks with four different test diets: basal diet (group BD), basal diet supplemented with raffinose (group RAF), basal diet supplemented with encapsulated B. breve (group CB), and basal diet supplemented with both raffinose and encapsulated B. breve (group RCB). The bacterial populations in cecal samples were determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). B. breve cells were detected only in the RCB group and accounted for about 6.3% of the total cells as determined by FISH analysis. B. breve was also detected only in the RCB group by T-RFLP analysis. This was in contrast to the CB group, in which no B. breve signals were detected by either FISH or T-RFLP. Increases in the sizes of the populations of Bifidobacterium animalis, a Bifidobacterium indigenous to the rat, were observed in the RAF and RCB groups. Principal-component analysis of T-RFLP results revealed significant alterations in the bacterial populations of rats in the RAF and RCB groups; the population in the CB group was similar to that in the control group (group BD). To the best of our knowledge, these results provide the first clear picture of the changes in the rat cecal microbiota in response to synbiotic administration. 相似文献
3.
Fusao Tomita Hirofumi Nakano Haruo Honda Takeo Suzuki 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2183-2188
The isolation of chloramphenicol resistant strains from Corynebacterium hydrocarboclastus KY 4339 (rough type) was examined to seek a good source of corynecins (analogs of chloramphenicol). Various mutants resistant to chloramphenicol were isolated in the range from 50 to 1000 µg/ml by adaptation or induced mutagenesis by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitro-soguanidine. Productivities of mutants related apparently to the degree of resistance from 50 to 500 µg/ml. Highly resistant mutants capable of growing in the presence of 1000 µg of chloramphenicol per ml showed decreased productivity which might be related to their lower growth rate in the fermentation medium.Further attempts to derive resistant mutants to structural analogs of aromatic amino acids resulted in only a slight improvement of productivity, indicating that aromatic amino acids might play minor regulatory roles in corynecins synthesis.The increase in productivity of corynecins by the best strain was about 4.5 fold of the parental strain. 相似文献
4.
Fusao Ota Masayuki Yamato Mie Hayashi Masayuki Ota Tetsuro Koga Ahmed Sherin Chiharu Mukai Kentaro Sakai Shigeru Yamamoto 《Microbiological research》2002,157(4):305
Twenty four reference strains (serotype a-h) belonging to the mutans group of streptococci were compared for DNA fragment patterns of rDNA after treatment with Hind III. It was shown that Streptococcus cricetus (serotype a), S. rattus (serotype b), and S. downei (serotype h) reveals comparatively homogeneous patterns while S. mutans (serotype c, e and f) exhibits differences between the different serotypes as well as within single serotypes. S. sobrinus had an intermediary diversity. These data support the previous findings that S. mutans is heterogeneous at the serological, biochemical and genetical level. 相似文献
5.
The spatial structure-mediated indirect effects of an aquatic host plant, Trapa japonica (Trapaceae), on survival of a leaf beetle, Galerucella nipponensis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with regard to predation by a water strider, Gerris nepalensis (Hemiptera: Gerridae), were investigated in an irrigation pond and under indoor conditions. Beetle density, particularly
in the first-instar stage of the larvae, became extremely low in the second generation in the pond, even though food resources
were abundant. The biological check method, which excludes natural enemies by caging, suggested that a causal factor of the
low density was predation by Gerris nepalensis in midsummer and thereafter. Normally growing rosettes extend their leaves horizontally on the water surface. However, some
rosettes of T. japonica grew leaves vertically in the later seasons, and such overgrown rosettes were distributed patchily in the ponds. Beetle density
was higher on the latter rosettes than on the former ones. The indoor experiment showed that the water strider can feed on
the eggs of beetles on normally grown rosettes but not on the overgrown rosettes. Furthermore, female adults of Galerucella nipponensis preferred the overgrown rosettes over the normally grown rosettes for oviposition when water striders were present. These
facts suggest that the spatial structure-mediated indirect effects of the host plant modify the interaction between herbivore
and predator.
Received: November 22, 2001 / Accepted: February 26, 2002 相似文献
6.
Intra- and interspecific competition between laboratory populations of four green leafhoppers, Nephotettix spp. was studied in the laboratory under three different temperature regimes of 24°C, 27°C and 30°C. For the single-species population of the three tropical species, the equilibrium density increased as the temperature increased. On the other hand, for the temperature species N. cincticeps, the highest equilibrium density was at the intermediate temperature and the lowest at high temperature. Interspecific interactions between two tropical (N. virescens vs. N. nigropictus), a tropical and a temperature (N. virescens vs. N. cincticeps) and a rice-feeding and a grass-inhabiting (N. virescens vs. N. malayanus) Nephotettix species were also studied in the laboratory at the three temperature regimes. Temperature differentially affected the outcome of competition between two Nephotettix species. Between N. virescens and N. nigropictus, the latter was more successful over the former at low and intermediate temperatures, while the former was more successful at high temperature. Between N. virescens and N. cincticeps, the temperate species inhibited the growth of the tropical species at low temperature while the tropical species inhibited the growth of the temperate species at high temperature. At intermediate temperature, the population of N. virescens persisted at a slightly higher density over the population of N. cincticeps. Between the rice-feeding N. virescens and the grass-inhabiting N. malayanus, regardless of temperature the population density of the latter was greatly reduced and later became extinct while the population of the former continued its growth. These consequences of competition between two Nephotettix species conformed fairly well to those predicted by theLotka-Volterra model using demographic parameters specified for each species. 相似文献
7.
An application ofHokyo andKiritani 's method (1967) was attempted to estimate the stage specific survival rates of the population with overlapping stages. This method can be written as follows assuming a constant daily survival rate (K) throughout the life: where, and F refer respectively to the total incidence of ith instar nymphs and that of individuals after ith instar inclusive, and αi refers to the developmental period of ith instar. Application of this model to caged and natural populations of the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula, was made to test its validity. The estimates of the initial number of successive stages obtained from the present method were compared with those fromRichards andWaloff 's method (1954) for the caged populations of 1st, 2nd and 3rd generations. The superiority of the present method to theRichards andWaloff 's in estimating adult numbers was shown in all the generations examined. When different daily survival rates are involved in the course of population decrease, application of the revised method proposed byHokyo andKiritani (1967), gives much reliable estimate as compared with one before correction. The present method is useful in constructing life table of such species as scale insects which complete their life cycle within a defined space, but their successive stages overlap considerably. 相似文献
8.
SAD‐B kinase regulates pre‐synaptic vesicular dynamics at hippocampal Schaffer collateral synapses and affects contextual fear memory 下载免费PDF全文
9.
Katayama T Tanaka M Moriizumi J Nakamura T Brouchkov A Douglas TA Fukuda M Tomita F Asano K 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2007,73(7):2360-2363
Phylogenetic analysis of bacteria preserved within an ice wedge from the Fox permafrost tunnel was undertaken by cultivation and molecular techniques. The radiocarbon age of the ice wedge was determined. Our results suggest that the bacteria in the ice wedge adapted to the frozen conditions have survived for 25,000 years. 相似文献
10.
Togi S Ikeda O Kamitani S Nakasuji M Sekine Y Muromoto R Nanbo A Oritani K Kawai T Akira S Matsuda T 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2011,286(21):19170-19177