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DAVIDE BADANO ULRIKE ASPÖCK HORST ASPÖCK PIERFILIPPO CERRETTI 《Systematic Entomology》2017,42(1):94-117
The suborder Myrmeleontiformia is a derived lineage of lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera) including the families Psychopsidae, Nemopteridae, Nymphidae, Ascalaphidae and Myrmeleontidae. In particular, Myrmeleontidae (antlions) are the most diverse neuropteran family, representing a conspicuous component of the insect fauna of xeric environments. We present the first detailed quantitative phylogenetic analysis of Myrmeleontiformia, based on 107 larval morphological and behavioural characters for 36 genera whose larvae are known (including at least one representative of all the subfamilies of the suborder). Four related families were used as outgroups to polarize character states. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using both parsimony and Bayesian methods. The reconstructions resulting from our analyses corroborate the monophyly of Myrmeleontiformia. Within this clade, Psychopsidae are recovered as the sister family to all the remaining taxa. Nemopteridae (including both subfamilies Nemopterinae and Crocinae) are recovered as monophyletic and sister to the clade comprising Nymphidae + (Myrmeleontidae + Ascalaphidae). Nymphidae consist of two well‐supported clades corresponding to the subfamilies Nymphinae and Myiodactylinae. Our results suggest that Ascalaphidae may not be monophyletic, as they collapse into an unresolved polytomy under the Bayesian analysis. In addition, the recovered phylogenetic relationships diverge from the traditional classification scheme for ascalaphids. Myrmeleontidae are reconstructed as monophyletic, with the subfamilies Stilbopteryginae, Palparinae and Myrmeleontinae. We retrieved a strongly supported clade comprising taxa with a fossorial habit of the preimaginal instars, which represents a major antlion radiation, also including the monophyletic pit‐trap building species. 相似文献
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Sébastien Ottaviani Anna Moltó Hang-Korng Ea Séverine Neveu Ghislaine Gill Lauren Brunier Elisabeth Palazzo Olivier Meyer Pascal Richette Thomas Bardin Yannick Allanore Frédéric Lioté Maxime Dougados Philippe Dieudé 《Arthritis research & therapy》2013,15(5):R123
Introduction
Gout is a common arthritis that occurs particularly in patients who frequently have associated comorbidities that limit the use of conventional therapies. The main mechanism of crystal-induced inflammation is interleukin-1 production by activation of the inflammasome. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of anakinra in gouty patients.Methods
We conducted a multicenter retrospective review of patients receiving anakinra for gouty arthritis. We reviewed the response to treatment, adverse events and relapses.Results
We examined data for 40 gouty patients (32 men; mean age 60.0 ± 13.9 years) receiving anakinra. Mean disease duration was 8.7 ± 8.7 years. All patients showed contraindications to and/or failure of at least two conventional therapies. Most (36; 90%) demonstrated good response to anakinra. Median pain on a 100-mm visual analog scale was rapidly decreased (73.5 (70.0 to 80.0) to 25.0 (20.0 to 32.5) mm, P <0.0001), as was median C-reactive protein (CRP) level (130.5 (55.8 to 238.8) to 16.0 (5.0 to 29.5) mg/l, P <0.0001). After a median follow-up of 7.0 (2.0 to 13.0) months, relapse occurred in 13 patients after a median delay of 15.0 (10.0 to 70.0) days. Seven infectious events, mainly with long-term use of anakinra, were noted.Conclusions
Anakinra may be efficient in gouty arthritis, is relatively well tolerated with short-term use, and could be a relevant option in managing gouty arthritis when conventional therapies are ineffective or contraindicated. Its long-term use could be limited by infectious complications. 相似文献4.
Eui-Ju Hong Se-Hyung Park Kyung-Chul Choi Peter CK Leung Eui-Bae Jeung 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2006,4(1):49-12
Environmental estrogenic compounds which bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) can block or alter endogenous functions of estrogen
in reproductive and developmental stages. A microarray technology is a very valuable method for the prediction of hormone-responsive
activities in various gene expressions. Thus, we investigated the altered gene expression by estrogen and endocrine disruptors
(EDs) using microarray technology in the uterus of immature rats. In this study, the expression levels of only 555 genes (7.42%)
among the 7636 genes spotted on microarray chips were enhanced by more than two-fold following treatment with estradiol (E2),
suggesting that direct or rapid response to E2 is widespread at the mRNA levels in these genes. In addition, elevated expression
levels of the genes (over 2-fold) were observed by diethylstilbestrol (DES; 9.01%), octyl-phenol (OP; 8.81%), nonyl-phenol
(NP; 9.51%), bisphenol-A (BPA; 8.26%) or genistein (9.97%) in the uterus of immature rats. The expression levels of representative
genes, i.e., calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k; vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein), oxytocin, adipocyte complement related
protein (MW 30 kDa), lactate dehydrogenase A and calcium binding protein A6 (S100a6; calcyclin), were confirmed in these tissues
by real-time PCR. In addition, the mRNA levels of these genes by real-time PCR were increased at follicular phase when E2
level was elevated during estrous cycle of adult female rats. In conclusion, these results indicate distinct altered expression
of responsive genes following exposure to E2 and estrogenic compounds, and implicate distinct effects of endogenous E2 and
environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals in the uterus of immature rats. 相似文献
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Hyung Woo Kim Geun Woo Ryu Cheol Ho Park Ea Wha Kang Jung Tak Park Seung Hyeok Han Tae-Hyun Yoo Sug Kyun Shin Shin-Wook Kang Kyu Hun Choi Dae Suk Han Tae Ik Chang 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
Background and Aim
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Hyponatremia was recently shown to be a modifiable factor that is strongly associated with increased mortality in PD patients. However, the clinical impact of hyponatremia on CV outcomes in these patients is unclear.Methods
To determine whether a low serum sodium level predicts the development of CV disease, we carried out a prospective observational study of 441 incident patients who started PD between January 2000 and December 2005. Time-averaged serum sodium (TA-Na) levels were determined to investigate the ability of hyponatremia to predict newly developed CV events in these patients.Results
During a mean follow-up of 43.2 months, 106 (24.0%) patients developed new CV events. The cumulative incidence of new-onset CV events after the initiation of PD was significantly higher in patients with TA-Na levels ≤ 138 mEq/L than in those with a TA-Na > 138 mEq/L. After adjustment for multiple potentially confounding covariates, an increase in TA-Na level was found to be associated with a significantly lower risk of CV events (subdistribution hazard ratio per 1 mEq/L increase, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.83–0.96; p = 0.003). Patients with a TA-Na ≤ 138 mEq/L had a 2.31-fold higher risk of suffering a CV event.Conclusions
These results provide evidence of a clear association between low serum sodium and new-onset CV events after dialysis initiation in PD patients. Whether the correction of hyponatremia for this indication provides additional protection for the development of CV disease in these patients remains to be addressed in interventional studies. 相似文献6.
Qing Lin Ling Song Poon Junling Chen Linan Cheng Basil HoYuen Peter CK Leung 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2009,7(1):115-8
Background
Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of female infertility. Leptin, an adipocytokine which is elevated during obesity, may influence gonadal function through modulating steroidogenesis in granulosa cells. 相似文献7.
Tae Ik Chang Yung Ly Kim Hyungwoo Kim Geun Woo Ryu Ea Wha Kang Jung Tak Park Tae-Hyun Yoo Sug Kyun Shin Shin-Wook Kang Kyu Hun Choi Dae Suk Han Seung Hyeok Han 《PloS one》2014,9(10)
Background and Aim
Hyponatremia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease and is associated with increased mortality in hemodialysis patients. However, few studies have addressed this issue in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Methods
This prospective observational study included a total of 441 incident patients who started PD between January 2000 and December 2005. Using time-averaged serum sodium (TA-Na) levels, we aimed to investigate whether hyponatremia can predict mortality in these patients.Results
Among the baseline parameters, serum sodium level was positively associated with serum albumin (β = 0.145; p = 0.003) and residual renal function (RRF) (β = 0.130; p = 0.018) and inversely associated with PD ultrafiltration (β = −0.114; p = 0.024) in a multivariable linear regression analysis. During a median follow-up of 34.8 months, 149 deaths were recorded. All-cause death occurred in 81 (55.9%) patients in the lowest tertile compared to 37 (25.0%) and 31 (20.9%) patients in the middle and highest tertiles, respectively. After adjusting for multiple potentially confounding covariates, increased TA-Na level was associated with a significantly decreased risk of all-cause (HR per 1 mEq/L increase, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.73–0.86; p<0.001) and infection-related (HR per 1 mEq/L increase, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.70–0.85; p<0.001) deaths.Conclusions
This study showed that hyponatremia is an independent predictor of mortality in PD patients. Nevertheless, whether correcting hyponatremia improves patient survival is unknown. Future interventional studies should address this question more appropriately. 相似文献8.
The FDA-approved drug suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, Vorinostat) was modified to improve its selectivity for a single histone deaetylase (HDAC) isoform. We show that attaching an ethyl group at the C3 position transforms SAHA from nonselective to an HDAC6-selective inhibitor. Theses results indicate that small structural changes in SAHA can significantly influence selectivity, which will lead future anti-cancer design efforts targeting HDAC proteins. 相似文献
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Ah Kioon MD Asensio C Ea HK Uzan B Cohen-Solal M Lioté F 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(5):R190
Introduction
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by bone and cartilage invasion by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). Adrenomedullin, a peptide with anabolic and antiapoptotic properties, is secreted by rheumatoid FLSs. Adrenomedullin also increases the expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells and keratinocytes. Here, we investigated whether adrenomedullin mediated FLS adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. 相似文献10.
CAROLINE BETTO‐COLLIARD MATTHIAS STÖCK 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2012,105(3):584-590
In vertebrates, genome size has been shown to correlate with nuclear and cell sizes, and influences phenotypic features, such as brain complexity. In three different anuran families, advertisement calls of polyploids exhibit longer notes and intervals than diploids, and difference in cellular dimensions have been hypothesized to cause these modifications. We investigated this phenomenon in green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup) of three ploidy levels, in a different call type (release calls) that may evolve independently from advertisement calls, examining 1205 calls, from ten species, subspecies, and hybrid forms. Significant differences between pulse rates of six diploid and four polyploid (3n, 4n) green toad forms across a range of temperatures from 7 to 27 °C were found. Laboratory data supported differences in pulse rates of triploids vs. tetraploids, but failed to reach significance when including field recordings. This study supports the idea that genome size, irrespective of call type, phylogenetic context, and geographical background, might affect call properties in anurans and suggests a common principle governing this relationship. The nuclear‐cell size ratio, affected by genome size, seems the most plausible explanation. However, we cannot rule out hypotheses under which call‐influencing genes from an unexamined diploid ancestral species might also affect call properties in the hybrid‐origin polyploids. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 105 , 584–590. 相似文献