A comparative study on the antioxidant effects of hesperidin and ellagic acid against skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury

Abstract

The antioxidant effects of ellagic acid (EA) and hesperidin (HES) against skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) were performed. Hindlimb ischemia has been induced by tourniquet occlusion for 2?h on left hindlimb. At the end of ischemia, the tourniquate has been removed and initiated reperfusion for 2?h. EA (100?mg/kg) has been applied orally before ischemia/reperfusion in the EA?+?I/R group. HES (100?mg/kg) has been given orally in the HES?+?I/R group. The left gastrocnemius muscle has been harvested and stored immediately at??80?°C until assessed for the levels of MDA and antioxidant enzymes activities. MDA level has statistically increased in I/R group (p?<?0.05) compared to other groups. The muscle tissue antioxidant enzymes activities were lower than the other groups in the I/R group (p?<?0.05). EA and HES treatments significantly reversed the damage level in I/R, also activity of tissue SOD increased in the EA?+?I/R and HES?+?I/R groups.     

Nuclear magnetic resonance and thermal studies of drug doped dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline-H2O systems

The influence of the sulfone drugs, diamino diphenyl sulfone and diamino monophenyl sulfone on the phase transitions and dynamics of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline-H₂O/D₂O vesicles have been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Our results show that diamino diphenyl sulfone interacts quite strongly with the headgroups of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline whereas the diamino monophenyl sulfone-dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline interaction is quite weak. This is attributed to the difference in the structure and hydrophobic character of the two drugs.     

Immobilization of Rhizomucor miehei lipase onto montmorillonite K-10 and polyvinyl alcohol gel

Abstract

Immobilization of enzymes from different sources on various supports in designed systems increases enzymes’ stability by protecting the active site of it from undesired effect of reaction environment. Also, immobilization decreases the cost of separation and facilities the reuse of the enzymes. Therefore, the design of new immobilization enzyme preparations has been an inevitable area of modern biotechnology. Herein, Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) was immobilized on montmorillonite K-10 (MMT-RML) by adsorption and in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-RML) by entrapment to obtain a more stable and active lipase preparation. The free and immobilized lipase preparations were characterized for p-nitrophenyl palmitate hydrolysis. The apparent Michaelis–Menten (K_mapp) constant was almost the same for the free RML and PVA-RML, whereas the corresponding value was 17.7-fold lower for MMT-RML. PVA-RML and MMT-RML have shown a 1.1 and 23.8 folds higher catalytic efficiency, respectively, than that of the free RML. The half-lives of PVA-RML and MMT-RML were found to be 7.4 and 3.4 times longer than the free RML at 35?°C, respectively. PVA-RML and MMT-RML maintained 65% and 87% of their initial activities after four reuses. These results showed that the catalytic performance of RML has improved significantly by immobilization.     

Development and Analysis of qPCR for the Identification of Arthroconidial Yeasts of the Genus Magnusiomyces

The arthroconidial yeasts Magnusiomyces capitatus and M. clavatus are emerging opportunistic pulmonary pathogens. They are closely related and difficult to distinguish based on morphological and physiological traits. We applied an SYBR^® green-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay to identify the species. We analyzed 30 reference strains originating from clinical and environmental sources by targeting the Rpb2 gene encoding the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. The qPCR assays were tested by direct identification of M. capitatus and M. clavatus in spiked sputum and household dishwasher swabs, respectively, as models for clinical and environmental samples. The assays were proved to be reliable for species-level identification of both species, with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, lowest inter-assay deviations (RSDr?≤?1.65%, R² values >0.99), detection limit of 10 theoretical copy number of target DNA, and detection cell limit of ≥5000 yeast cells from spiked sputum samples. The developed qPCR assay is a practical molecular approach for the detection of M. capitatus and M. clavatus that can be used as a stand-alone assay or in conjunction with culture-dependent approaches.

     

Developing of a model to predict lying behavior of dairy cows on silvopastoral system during the winter season

International Journal of Biometeorology - Lying behavior is an important indicator of the cows’ welfare and health. In this study, we evaluate the effect of the physical environment on dairy...     

Environmental variables responsible for Zebu cattle thermal comfort acquisition

International Journal of Biometeorology - The aim of this study was to estimate, using data mining, which microclimate and behavioral variables affect the behavior of animals to seek shaded or...     

Natural transformation in Gram-negative bacteria thriving in extreme environments: from genes and genomes to proteins,structures and regulation

Extremophiles - Extremophilic prokaryotes live under harsh environmental conditions which require far-reaching cellular adaptations. The acquisition of novel genetic information via natural...