Effects of the deficiens allele on ear development and yield in barley

Lines partially-isogenic for the deficiens (V^tV^t and two-rowed (VV) barley ear types were developed in the genetic background of cv. Kym, for comparisons of ear development and yield components. The suppression of lateral floret growth by the V^t allele during pre-anthesis ear development occurred at a relatively late stage and only occasionally was median floret survival enhanced in the deficiens line. The final size of lateral florets in both deficiens and normal ear types appeared to be largely governed by assimilate supply. At anthesis, the lateral florets comprised about 10% of the dry matter of normal ears, whereas in the deficiens ears the median florets were correspondingly heavier. After anthesis, grain growth in the deficiens line was slower than in the normal line, although final grain weight was not affected. In another experiment the V^t allele occasionally increased the number of grains per ear, but consistently decreased the weight per grain. In drilled plot trials, the mean yield of the deficiens line was 8% lower than the normal. Excision of lateral florets at anthesis showed that photosynthesis in these organs did not contribute to the yield advantage of the normal ear type. It is suggested that the inferior performance of the deficiens type was attributable to the greater physical constriction of endosperm expansion imposed by the development of thicker, more rigid, palea and lemma tissues.