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排序方式: 共有169条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
mtDNA diversity in rhesus monkeys reveals overestimates of divergence time and paraphyly with neighboring species 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Reconstructions of the human-African great ape phylogeny by using
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been subject to considerable debate. One
confounding factor may be the lack of data on intraspecific variation. To
test this hypothesis, we examined the effect of intraspecific mtDNA
diversity on the phylogenetic reconstruction of another Plio- Pleistocene
radiation of higher primates, the fascicularis group of macaque (Macaca)
monkey species. Fifteen endonucleases were used to identify 10 haplotypes
of 40-47 restriction sites in M. mulatta, which were compared with similar
data for the other members of this species group. Interpopulational,
intraspecific mtDNA diversity was large (0.5%- 4.5%), and estimates of
divergence time and branching order incorporating this variation were
substantially different from those based on single representatives of each
species. We conclude that intraspecific mtDNA diversity is substantial in
at least some primate species. Consequently, without prior information on
the extent of genetic diversity within a particular species, intraspecific
variation must be assessed and accounted for when reconstructing primate
phylogenies. Further, we question the reliability of hominoid mtDNA
phylogenies, based as they are on one or a few representatives of each
species, in an already depauperate superfamily of primates.
相似文献
2.
Biochemistry (Moscow) - Stress negatively affects processes of synaptic plasticity and is a major risk factor of various psychopathologies such as depression and anxiety. HOMER1 is an important... 相似文献
3.
Damira Avgustinovich Anna Kovner Elena Kashina Natalia Shatskaya Galina Vishnivetskaya Natalia Bondar Maria Lvova 《International journal for parasitology》2021,51(5):353-363
Parasitic food-borne diseases and chronic social stress are frequent attributes of day-to-day human life. Therefore, our aim was to model the combined action of chronic Opisthorchis felineus infection and repeated social defeat stress in C57BL/6 mice. Histological examination of the liver revealed inflammation sites, pronounced periductal fibrosis, and cholangiofibrosis together with proliferation of bile ducts and hepatocyte dystrophy in the infected mice, especially in the stress-exposed ones. Simultaneously with liver pathology, we detected significant structural changes in the cerebral cortex. Immunohistochemical analysis of the hippocampus indicated the highest increase in numerical density of Iba 1-, IL-6-, iNOS-, and Arg1-positive cells in mice simultaneously subjected to the two adverse factors. The number of GFAP-positive cells rose during repeated social defeat stress, most strongly in the mice subjected to both infection and stress. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression of genes Aif1 and Il6 differed among the analysed brain regions (hippocampus, hypothalamus, and frontal cortex) and depended on the adverse factors applied. In addition, among the brain regions, there was no consistent increase or decrease in these parameters when the two adverse treatments were combined: (i) in the hippocampus, there was upregulation of Aif1 and no change in Il6 expression; (ii) in the hypothalamus, expression levels of Aif1 and Il6 were not different from controls; and (iii) in the frontal cortex, Aif1 expression did not change while Il6 expression increased. It can be concluded that a combination of two long-lasting adverse factors, O. felineus infection and repeated social defeat stress, worsens not only the hepatic but also brain state, as evidenced behaviorally by disturbances of the startle response in mice. 相似文献
4.
G. S. Voronov M. S. Berezhetskii Yu. F. Bondar’ I. Yu. Vafin D. G. Vasil’kov E. V. Voronova S. E. Grebenshchikov I. A. Grishina N. F. Larionova A. A. Letunov V. P. Logvinenko A. I. Meshcheryakov E. I. Pleshkov Yu. V. Khol’nov O. I. Fedyanin V. A. Tsygankov S. V. Shchepetov V. A. Kurnaev I. V. Vizgalov V. A. Urusov I. A. Sorokin F. S. Podolyako A. Antipenkov R. Pearce L. Worth 《Plasma Physics Reports》2013,39(4):277-288
Results are presented from L-2M stellarator experiments on testing a possible method for detection of water microleakages in the cooling system of the first wall and vacuum chamber of ITER. The method consists in the spectroscopic detection of spectral lines of the OH hydroxyl, which forms via the dissociation of water molecules in plasma. Emission in the spectral band of 305–310 nm can be detected even at water leakage rates less than 10?4 Pa m3/s. Chemical reactions between water and boron compounds on the vacuum chamber wall delay the detection of leakages up to ~2000 s. A similar phenomenon can be expected when a leakage will occur in ITER, where the materials suggested for the first wall (Be, Li) can also chemically react with water. 相似文献
5.
Biophysics - Penetration of a microelectrode into the cell soma is one of the most vulnerable stages of the method intracellular recording. Traumatic neuronal activity after piercing the membrane... 相似文献
6.
Alexander Y. Сhurbanov Tatiana M. Karafet Igor V. Morozov Valeriia Yu. Mikhalskaia Marina V. Zytsar Alexander A. Bondar Olga L. Posukh 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
Hearing loss (HL) is one of the most common sensorineural disorders and several dozen genes contribute to its pathogenesis. Establishing a genetic diagnosis of HL is of great importance for clinical evaluation of deaf patients and for estimating recurrence risks for their families. Efforts to identify genes responsible for HL have been challenged by high genetic heterogeneity and different ethnic-specific prevalence of inherited deafness. Here we present the utility of whole exome sequencing (WES) for identifying candidate causal variants for previously unexplained nonsyndromic HL of seven patients from four unrelated Altaian families (the Altai Republic, South Siberia). The WES analysis revealed homozygous missense mutations in three genes associated with HL. Mutation c.2168A>G (SLC26A4) was found in one family, a novel mutation c.1111G>C (OTOF) was revealed in another family, and mutation c.5254G>A (RAI1) was found in two families. Sanger sequencing was applied for screening of identified variants in an ethnically diverse cohort of other patients with HL (n = 116) and in Altaian controls (n = 120). Identified variants were found only in patients of Altaian ethnicity (n = 93). Several lines of evidences support the association of homozygosity for discovered variants c.5254G>A (RAI1), c.1111C>G (OTOF), and c.2168A>G (SLC26A4) with HL in Altaian patients. Local prevalence of identified variants implies possible founder effect in significant number of HL cases in indigenous population of the Altai region. Notably, this is the first reported instance of patients with RAI1 missense mutation whose HL is not accompanied by specific traits typical for Smith-Magenis syndrome. Presumed association of RAI1 gene variant c.5254G>A with isolated HL needs to be proved by further experimental studies. 相似文献
7.
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key regulator of neural development and plasticity. Long-term changes in the BDNF pathway are associated with childhood adversity and adult depression symptoms. Initially, stress-induced decreases in the BDNF pathway were found in some studies, but subsequent reports indicated the relationship between stress and BDNF to be much more complex, and the concept was significantly revised. In the present mini-review, we focus on the structure and regulation of the Bbnf gene as well as on the stress–BDNF interactions under early-life adverse conditions. 相似文献
8.
Ronzhin N. O. Posokhina E. D. Mogilnaya O. A. Bondar V. S. 《Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics》2022,503(1):80-84
Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics - A stimulator of light emission of the fungus was found in an aqueous extract from mycelium of the luminous basidiomycete Neonothopanus nambi after its... 相似文献
9.
10.
New technologies in both combinatorial chemistry and combinatorial biology promise to unlock new opportunities for drug discovery and lead optimisation. Using such genome-based technologies to measure the dynamic properties of pharmacological systems, pharmacogenomics can now provide an objective measure of a drug's biological efficacy, including its potential adverse effects. 相似文献