抑制素基因的研究进展

抑制素是性腺分泌的一种糖蛋白激素,它具有抑制垂体促卵泡素合成和分泌的作用。本文介绍了抑制素α亚基基因（INHA）、抑制素βA亚基基因（INHBA）、抑制素βB亚基基因（INHBB）的克隆、结构、定位、多态性、表达、分子调节及其与繁殖性能和癌症的关系。绵羊INHA、INHBA和INHBB基因分别被定位到2q41→q43、4q26和2q31→q33。INHA、INHBA和INHBB基因对绵羊产羔数都有显著的影响。抑制素βB亚基基因突变的雌性小鼠有明显的发育和繁殖缺陷。INHA 基因与妇女卵巢早衰显著相关。 Abstract：Inhibins are gonadal glycoprotein hormones belonging to the transforming growth factor-βsuperfamily that act to suppress pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone synthesis and secretion. In this paper, we briefly introduced the cloning, structure, localization, polymorphism, expression, molecular regulation of inhibin-α(INHA), -βA (INHBA) and -βB (INHBB) subunit genes and their relationships with reproductive performance and cancer. The inhibin genes (INHA, INHBA and INHBB) had significant effect on litter size in sheep. The ovine INHA, INHBA and INHBB genes had been mapped to chromosomes 2q41→q43, 4q26 and 2q31→q33, respectively. The female mice carrying INHBB mutations suffered from distinct developmental and reproductive defects. The INHA gene was significantly associated with premature ovarian failure in women.