电刺激家兔卵母细胞孤雌活化的研究

采用电刺激使家兔卵母细胞孤雌活化,并对电刺激参数和电刺激介质进行选择,发现在电刺激电压为1.5kV/cm,脉冲持续时间为80us,电刺激3次,电刺激介质为M16的条件下,兔卵母细胞孤雌活化效果最好,可使95％的兔卵母细胞激活,体外培养有89.5％的激活卵发育到正常的8—16细胞期,12％的激活卵发育到囊胚,在体内培养的条件下,26％的激活卵发育到囊胚。采用不同的电刺激介质,卵母细胞最佳激活条件和发育情况不同,表明电刺激介质中Ca~(++)和Mg~(++)浓度似乎与卵母细胞的孤雌活化和维持早期发育有关。家兔在注射LH后17—19小时取卵,电刺激效果最好,激活卵在含细胞松弛素B的培养基中培养3小时,电镜观察已有原核形成,细胞膜附近的细胞器向中央移动。光镜检查表明:约有85％的激活卵具有二个原核,约15％的激活卵有四个原核。     

Studies on Recipient Rabbit Oocytes in Nuclear Transfer

Studies were carried out to find out the optimal parameters of enucleation and electroactivation ofrecipient rabbit oocyte for successful nuclear transfer,using the fluorescent stain,DAPI(4-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole),and electroactivation.According to the position of metaphasechromosomes in relation to the first polar body,the oocytes were classified into three types:1.thosewith chromosomes juxtaposed to the polar body;2.those with chromosomes in its adjacency; and3.those with chromosomes further removed.The relative proportions of each type appeared to varywith the time of maturation at which the oocytes were collected,with those of the later typesincreasing as the maturation process went further on.In addition,in-vitro cultivation ofelectroactivated oocytes gave the best results with oocytes that matured in-vito after injection ofovulating hormones(LH or HCG)and oocytes that were cultivated in-vitro for 17-19 hours.As aresult,it is recommended that oocytes be selected from those collected from the oviducts 13-15 hoursafter injection of LH or HCG,and electrofusion and electroactivation be done aftermicromanipulation and in-vito cultivation for 2-4 hours.By so doing,it is expected to achieve thehighest enucleation rate of oocytes and the highest fusion rate,the highest activation rate and thehighest development rate of the restructured embryos.     

山羊(Capra hircus)重构胚与再重构胚早期发育的研究

选择山羊8细胞期到桑椹胚期的正常胚胎或重构胚的卵裂球,或选择胚泡期胚胎的内细胞团细胞作为供核,并以LRH注射后26—28h的去核成熟卵球作为受体,制备重构胚或再重构胚,琼脂糖包埋,植入山羊输卵管内,体内培养4—6天发育结果表明:不同发育时期(8细胞期至胚泡期)的正常胚胎细胞核或重构胚细胞核中,至少有部分细胞核均保留着发育的全能性,这些细胞核在母系基因表达产物的调控下,实现重新编程,启动并完成正常发育的全过程。     

显示哺乳动物受精卵原核的方法

哺乳动物的卵属均黄卵,卵黄含量不多且均匀分布于卵质中。大家畜猪和牛的卵中,含有大量的脂肪滴和一些类似色素的颗粒,它们掩盖了细胞核,给显微注射带来了困难。Ha