Pollen Morphology of Eight Genera of the Subtribe Mutisiinae Less. sensu Bremer （Compositae） from Asia

The pollen morphology of 28 species and one variety representing eight genera of the subtribe Mutisiinae Less. sensu Bremer （Compositae） was investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and light microscopy. The pollen grains are usually radically symmetrical, isopolar, and tricolporate. The shape varies from spheroidal to subprolate in equatorial view and is three-lobed circular in polar view. Based on exine sculpturing observed under SEM, the pollen grains can be divided into three types： （i） type Ⅰ, with macrogranulate sculpture; （ii） type Ⅱ, with a finely granulate sculpture; and （iii） type Ⅲ with spiny sculpture. The palynological data showed that the Macroclinidium Maxim. was remarkably distinguished from those of the other seven genera. The variation of pollen characteristics within the Mutisiinae in Asia is little at species level, but it proves some useful information for studying the relationships among genera and it has an important significance in further understanding the evolutionary history of Mutisiinae.     

甜玉米籽实含糖量的配合力分析

采用不完全双列杂交设计研究了 6个母本3个父本甜玉米自交系籽实含糖量的配合力效应。结果表明,父母本一般配合力和特殊配合力效应均方都显著。根据各亲本的表现把亲本5033归为一般配合力高而特殊配合力方差大的最理想类型;亲本5012和5011属一般配合力高而特殊配合力方差小的类型;亲本5018、5034、5028和5024为一般配合力低,但特殊配合力方差高的类型; 亲本5023和5009属一般配合力效应和特殊配合力方差都低的类型,最缺少实用价值。     

陆地棉的核型模式

陆地棉的核型公式为2n=4x=52=30m+20sm(4SAT)+2st(2SAT); 染色体绝对长度平均3.40μm; 臂比值最大与最小的分别是4.02和1.14,平均1.77;随体3对,分别位于第12、19和26对同源染色体的短臂上;最长与最短染色体的比值为2.36;其核型属于Stebbin的2B类型。Abstract:Karyotype formula of Gossypium hirsutum L.was 2n=4s=52=30m+20m (4SAT)+2st (2SAT); and its absolute lengths of chromosomes averaged 3.40μm; arm ratio differed from 1.24 to 4.02,with the mean value of 1.77; three pairs of satellite chromosomes; the ratio of the longest to the shortest chromosomes was 2.36; and the karyotype belonged to 2B in Stebbin’s classification.     

Towards Transgenic Primates: What can we learn from mouse genetics?

Considering the great physiological and behavioral similarities with humans, monkeys represent the ideal models not only for the study of complex cognitive behavior but also for the preclinical research and development of novel therapeutics for treating human diseases. Various powerful genetic technologies initially developed for making mouse models are being explored for generating transgenic primate models. We review the latest genetic engineering technologies and discuss the potentials and limitations for systematic production of transgenic primates. Supported by Funding from GRA, NIMH and NIA.     

人SP-B蛋白转基因小鼠及细菌性肺炎模型的构建

目的:构建携带人SP-B蛋白+1580 SNP不同等位基因的转基因小鼠并进行细菌性肺炎模型的造模。方法:利用受精卵原核注射技术将hSP-B基因整合至小鼠染色体上获得F0代小鼠,将其与mSP-B基因敲除鼠进行交配,逐步去除转基因小鼠体内m SP-B基因。利用PCR技术鉴定小鼠基因型,通过测序确定+1580位点的等位基因。将铜绿假单胞菌经支气管灌注接种至小鼠肺内进行细菌性肺炎造模,对照组注射等量灭菌生理盐水。结果:F2代小鼠只表达人SP-B蛋白而不表达鼠SP-B蛋白,蛋白表达量与人肺内含量相近,即为构建成功的转基因小鼠。3个小鼠家系+1580位点等位基因为T,1个家系为C。细菌接种(1×10~6CFU/mouse)后24小时,小鼠肺泡内炎症渗出明显,大量中性粒细胞浸润,SP-B蛋白含量明显降低,但不同等位基因间在此条件下无明显差异。结果:成功构建只表达人SP-B蛋白的转基因小鼠模型,细菌性肺炎模型造模成功,为今后进一步研究人SP-B蛋白的生理功能及+1580基因多态性与肺疾病的关系提供了有力的工具。     

黄瓜幼苗对氯化钠和碳酸氢钠胁迫的生理响应差异

采用营养液培养方法,分别用不同浓度（0、25、50和75 mmol·L^-1）的NaCl和NaHCO₃对黄瓜幼苗进行胁迫处理,研究黄瓜幼苗对NaCl和NaHCO₃胁迫的生理响应差异.结果表明：随着胁迫强度的增加,黄瓜植株地上部和地下部生长量、叶片叶绿素含量和相对含水量均呈明显下降趋势,但NaHCO₃处理下降幅度大于NaCl处理.随着处理浓度的增加,黄瓜地上部Na⁺含量显著上升,K⁺含量显著下降,在相同的Na⁺浓度下,NaHCO₃处理比NaCl处理下降幅度更大,具有更低的K⁺/Na⁺.与NaCl处理相比,NaHCO₃处理的黄瓜叶片电解质渗漏率、丙二醛、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量增加幅度更大.NaCl和NaHCO₃处理使黄瓜叶片超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶活性受到显著诱导,而使过氧化物酶活性受到明显抑制.     

Activation of STAT3 stimulates AHSP expression in K562 cells

Studies on the chaperone proteinα-hemoglobin stabilizing protein(AHSP)reveal that abundant AHSP in erythroid cells enhance the cells’tolerance to oxidative stress imposed by excessα-hemoglobin in pathological conditions.However,the potential intracellular modulation of AHSP expression itself in response to oxidative stress is still unknown.The present study examined the effect and molecular mechanism of STAT3,an oxidative regulator,on the expression of AHSP.AHSP expression increased in K562 cells upon cytokine IL-6-induced STAT3 activation and decreased in STAT3 knock-down K562 cells.Regulation of AHSP in oxidative circumstance was then examined inα-globin-overloaded K562 cells,and real-time PCR showed strengthened expression of both AHSP and STAT3.ChIP analysis showed binding of STAT3 to AHSP promoter and binding was significantly augmented with IL6 stimulation and uponα-globin overexpression.Dual luciferase reporter assays of the wildtype and mutated SB3 element,an IL-6RE site,in the AHSP promoter in K562 cells highlighted the direct regulatory effect of STAT3 on AHSP gene.Finally,direct binding of STAT3 to SB3 site of AHSP promoter was confirmed with EMSA assays.Our work reveals an adaptive AHSP regulation mediated by the redox-sensitive STAT3 signaling pathway,and provides clues to the therapeutic strategy for AHSP enhancement.     

近金线属的分类地位及金线属的鉴别特征(鲤形目:鲤科:亚科)

本文根据系统学原理,提出了建立新类元的依据;并据此从分类和系统发育上论证了近金线属ＡｎｃｈｉｃｙｃｌｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓＬｉｅｔＬａｎ独立成属的可能性,认为应将近金线属归于金线属;修订了金线属ＳｉｎｏｃｙｃｌｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓＦａｎｇ的鉴别特征。