糖尿病酮症酸中毒21例救治探讨

目的:探讨糖尿病酮症酸中毒(diabetic ketoacidosis,DKA)抢救过程中的经验和体会.方法:对21例DKA患者的临床资料进行分析,21例酮症酸中毒患者经积极抢救治疗,在补液、祛除诱因及纠正电解质紊乱、酸碱平衡等治疗的基础上均给予小剂量普通胰岛素静脉滴注;治疗时小心处理液体和电解质的紊乱,严密监护有关并发症的临床和生化参数,包括低血钾,低血糖、脑水肿等,及时调整胰岛素的静脉输入量.随着酸中毒的的改善病情稳定后,胰岛素的静脉输入改为三餐前皮下注射,控制血糖浓度在8.3～13.9 mmol·L-1.结果:经综合治疗后,21例患者各项指标在3天内恢复至正常范围,治疗取得了良好的效果.结论:DKA的救治是个综合的过程,适时、合理的补液和使用胰岛素、抗感染、纠正酸中毒及电解质平衡紊乱对提高DKA的救治成功率具有重要的临床意义.     

泾县野生扬子鳄卵孵化与环境关系初探

１９８４～１９８９年作者在安徽省泾县通过连续６年野生扬子鳄卵孵化状况的研究发现,鳄卵正常孵化期约８０天,影响野生鳄卵孵化率的最直接因素是温度和温度。平均巢温如在３～３１．５℃,巢内湿度在９０％～９５％间,而且保持稳定,将有利于鳄卵的正常发育。     

温度对扬子鳄卵野外孵化的影响

Influence of temperature on egg incubation of the wild Chinese alligator was studied during the summer seasons of 1999 and 2000(July to October and August to September,respectively)at three observation sites, Zhuangtou of Xuanzhou County,Shuangkeng and Zhongqiao of Jingxian county, Anhui Province. One nest at each of the above sites was monitored, bearing 19,17 and 19 eggs,respectively. According to the width of the band on the eggs, we estimated the dates that the eggs were laid. We recorded both the nest temperature and atmosphere temperature with an automated temperature data logger (HOBO Temp) during the whole observation period.We found that the average nest temperature maintained around 25 26℃ during incubation throughout day and night,within over two thirds of time in each day the nest temperature being higher than the atmosphere temperature. Analysis of our data revealed that alligator nests have buffering effect on the inside temperature. Higher nest temperature (27 30℃)increased the hatching rate. It was also noticed that the hatching rate varied considerably from site to site(between 0 100%). We conclude that climate is an important factor influencing egg hatching in the wild, and prolonged rainy season which caused large temperature fluctuation can decrease the hatching rate of the alligator eggs.