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Self-reference at encoding increases the probability of recollective experience in recognition memory. Self-reference effect (SRE) in memory is observed when the degree of self-reference of to-be-remembered materials is varied. Usually items encoded in terms of self-reference are associated with significantly higher recall performance relative to items encoded in other ways, including semantic encoding. In our three experiments, four orientating tasks formed four levels in a between-subjects design. The conditions were rating personality traits with reference to self, mother, Lu Xun (a famous Chinese writer) or rating the traits on a negative-positive dimension. In a recognition test, subjects first identified old items and then indicated which of these were accompanied by recollective experience (‘remember’ responses) and which were recognized on some other basis (‘know’ responses). Our results showed that both the self-reference condition and mother condition were associated with the same highest proportion of correct remember responses and the same lowest proportion of correct know responses. In contrast, for Western subjects, the self-reference condition, relative to the mother condition, was associated with a higher proportion of correct remember responses and a lower proportion of correct know responses. We discussed the results with reference to the HERA model (hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry).  相似文献   
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寻找中国人的自我: 一项fMRI研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
文化影响自我概念是社会认知神经科学中一个极其重要的课题, 然而迄今为止, 却很少有人在神经层面上对这一问题进行探索. 本研究从中国文化影响自我概念的角度(集体主义自我包含母亲成分)探索这一问题. 在西方文化中, 自我参照的回忆成绩优于其他形式的语义加工, 如母亲参照、他人参照和一般语义加工的回忆成绩, 这一记忆优势可能缘起于自我在内侧前额叶(medial prefrontal cortex, MPFC)的定位. 然而, 我们的行为研究发现, 中国人母亲参照与自我参照无论在记忆成绩上, 还是在自我觉知的程度上都非常类似. 本研究试图揭示MPFC是否是这两种参照共同的神经机制. 实验一被试在3种条件下(自我、他人和语义加工)对描述人格的形容词进行判断: 实验二我们用母亲参照代替他人参照(自我、母亲和语义加工). 研究结果表明, 当和他人/语义比较时, 自我参照激活了内侧前额叶和扣带回; 但是, 当和母亲比较时, 自我参照并不激活内侧前额叶, 这暗示了母亲可能和自我共同分享了这一区域. 换句话说, 在神经水平上, 母亲也是中国人集体主义自我的一个组成部分.  相似文献   
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An experimental study on the self-reference effect   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10       下载免费PDF全文
Self-reference at encoding increases the probability of recollective experience in recognition memory. Self-reference effect (SRE) in memory is observed when the degree of self-reference of to-be-remembered materials is varied. Usually items encoded in terms of self-reference are associated with significantly higher recall performance relative to items encoded in other ways, including semantic encoding. In our three experiments, four orientating tasks formed four levels in a between-subjects design. The conditions were rating personality traits with reference to self, mother, Lu Xun (a famous Chinese writer) or rating the traits on a negative-positive dimension. In a recognition test, subjects first identified old items and then indicated which of these were accompanied by recollective experience ('remember' responses) and which were recognized on some other basis ('know' responses). Our results showed that both the self-reference condition and mother condition were associated with the same highest propo  相似文献   
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自我记忆效应的实验研究   总被引:29,自引:1,他引:28  
朱滢  张力 《中国科学C辑》2001,31(6):537-543
自我记忆效应(self-reference effect, SRE)即凡与自我有关的加工均导致最优的记忆成绩, 这一记忆成绩甚至优于语义加工. 东方人的自我概念包含母亲成分, 3项实验表明, 中国人与自我有关的记忆并不优于与母亲有关的记忆, 而是处于同一水平(特别是在R/K判断方面); 但是, 西方人的自我不包含母亲成分, 有资料表明, 英国人、美国人与自我有关的记忆优于与母亲有关的记忆. 从情景记忆的HERA (hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry)模型的角度, 讨论上述东西方人自我记忆效应差异发现的意义, 这一发现将为使用脑认知成像技术探索自我在脑中的定位提供新的思路.  相似文献   
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