抗旱作物上岗记

一边是水资源的严重短缺，一边是干旱导致的农业减产，无疑使世界粮食危机雪上加霜。水资源正成为世界多数国家制约农业发展的重要因素，培育“不怕渴”农作物品种成为摆在世界育种学家面前的共同难题，也是节水农业中最有效的技术手段。     

高效液相色谱法检测大鼠子宫内膜游离氨基酸

本文采用邻苯二甲醛(OPA)和β-巯基乙醇柱前衍生,荧光检测分析大鼠子宫内膜游离氨基酸。50分钟分析18种氨基酸,以TEGD缓冲液[10mmol/L三羟甲基氨基甲烷(Tris-HCI),1.5mmol/L 乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)3mmol/L叠氮钠(NaN_2)、30％甘油Immol/L二硫苏糖醇(DTT)pH为7.4提取氨基酸,平均回收率94.0±5％。各氨基酸保留时间变异系数平均为1.25±0.1％(均值±标准差),峰面积变异系数平均为3.1±0.9％,各氨基酸浓度在10pmol—1.5nmol范围内,线性相关系数为0.979±0.08(均值±标准差)。同时还讨论了影响氨基酸检测的某些色谱条件。     

Mitosis and microtubule organizational changes in rice root-tip cells

The pattern of change of the microtubule cytoskeleton of the root-tip cells of rice during mitosis was studied using immunofluorescence technic and confocal laser scanning microscopy. All the major stages of ceil division including preprophase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase were observed. The most significant finding was that in the preprophase cells microtubules radiating from the nuclear surface to the cortex were frequently seen. During development these microtubules became closely associated with the preprophase band and prophase spindie indicating that the microtubules radiating from the nuclear surface, the preprophase band and the prophazc spindle were structurally and functionally closely related to each other. Granule-like anchorage sites for the radiating microtubules at the muclear surface were often seen and the possibility that these gramle-like anchorage sites might represent the microtubule organizing centres was discussed.     

A Technique to Analyse Succession Data from Permanent Plots

IIntroductionSuccessionstudyIsaspeclalfleldInvegetationecology（Greig—Smith1983）．ItreferstocummulatlvechangeInvegetationovertime．Florl幻IcgradientsIndicativeofsuccessionaltrendsmayemergefromconventionalordinationIfextrinsic！nformatlonallowsthemtobel－dentlfledassuch．Inthespedalcaseofforestvegetation,forInstance,Informationonthesize—classesoftreespedespresentmaypermitsuccessionalgradientslobeldentlfleddirectly（Goff1968,Carleton＆Maycock1978）．Fewauthors,however,haveattempted…     

Changes of intracellular Na+ concentration in erythrocytes caused by pulsed electrical field

Changes of sodium ionic concentration of human erythrocytes applied to pulsed electrical field (PEF) were studied by using shift reagent and NMR spectroscopy. The results show that the concentration of intracellular Na⁺ increases with the increasing intensity of PEF when the erythrocytes are applied to PEF with higher intensities. The relationship between intracellular Na concentrations and the intensities of PEF does not follow linear or exponen-tial behavior. As the intensities increase, the intracellular Na⁺concentrations increase even faster by an exponential curve. However under effects of PEF at lower intensities, intracellular Na⁺ concentration decreases. Ouabain can in-hibit the decrease of intracellular Na concentration, and the inhibition increases with the increasing concentration of ouabain, suggesting that Na⁺ , K⁺ -ATPase on cell membrane can be activated by PEF at lower intensities. Direct measurement of activities of the enzyme by using Malachite green method has confirmed this observation. Cell perme-abilities to ions, activation of enzymes by electrical fields and transmission of physical signals like PEF across cell mem-branes are discussed.     

膳食蛋白质摄入与2型糖尿病关系的病例对照研究

目的：探讨膳食蛋白质与2型糖尿病（T2DM）之间的相关关系。方法：采用年龄与性别匹配的病例对照研究,在西安市某社区招募符合纳入标准的T2DM患者288例和对照552例。采用膳食频率调查表,根据食物摄入频率及数量计算膳食蛋白质摄入量和供能比。通过健康危险因素问卷收集研究对象人口学、生活方式、疾病史等基本信息。采用单因素统计方法和多因素Logistic回归模型探究膳食蛋白质与成人T2DM的相关性。结果：参与者的平均年龄为62.0±9.8岁,膳食总能量和蛋白质日均摄入量分别为（2 204.3±852.5）kcal/d、（81.7±38.1）g/d。在总人群中,校正高血压、血脂异常等混杂因素后,总蛋白及动物蛋白供能比最高分位组T2DM罹患风险是最低组的1.92倍。动物蛋白与女性T2DM风险的比值比为2.33,而与男性T2DM无关。植物蛋白与T2DM无显著相关性。结论：膳食总蛋白,尤其是动物蛋白与T2DM罹患风险正相关,植物蛋白与T2DM没有显著关联性。在糖尿病防治中应考虑饮食蛋白质的比例及种类。     

上海滴水湖两种枝角类牧食对浮游植物群落影响的模拟研究

于2012年9月通过浮游动物添加实验,研究了大型溞(Daphnia magna)和隆腺溞(Daphnia carinata)对上海滴水湖浮游植物群落结构的影响.结果表明,实验组氨氮和可溶性活性磷浓度与空白组相比显著增加,大型溞组浮游植物密度较空白组降低了70.3％,隆腺溞组浮游植物密度较空白组降低了80.0％,叶绿素a浓度分别下降了80.4％和75.2％,叶绿素a与氨氮、可溶性活性磷呈显著相关性.浮游植物的群落结构较空白组也发生较大变化,硅藻、蓝藻和绿藻密度比例明显降低,隐藻、裸藻和甲藻在实验结束时没有检出,说明大型溞和隆线溞能有效控制水体中浮游植物密度,并能够对浮游植物群落结构产生影响.同时,附着藻类密度较空白组也有明显减少,说明大型溞和隆线溞对附着藻类也有一定的牧食作用.     

多源空间数据整合视角下的城市开发强度研究

城市开发强度能直观表征人类活动强度,对指导城市规划与管理、促进城市可持续发展具有重要价值。采用社会-经济-生态系统耦合视角构建城市开发强度的多维测度体系,整合多源空间数据,测度了杭州市主城及3个副城的开发强度并揭示了其空间分布特征。结果表明,杭州城市开发强度由主城向副城呈波动降低,高强度开发过度集中于主城,主城的功能疏散有待加强;各副城开发强度不一,江南城与主城呈现跨江融合,临平城、下沙城空间上较为独立;各开发维度中,建筑强度、功能强度及效益强度热点区分布基本一致,环境响应高强度区则集聚于主副城交界处,表现出空间异质性。多维测度体系可较好表征城市开发强度,对城市规划及精细化管理具有一定的应用价值。     

美丽的草原，我的家

“敕勒川,阴山下,天似穹庐,笼盖四野。天苍苍,野茫茫,风吹草低见牛羊”。内蒙古自治区从东到西跨度达4000千米,自然条件复杂,生物种类丰富,植物群落和植被类型繁多。呈现森林、森林草原、典型草原、荒漠草原、荒漠、湿地等多种