作物群体CO2通量和水分利用效率的快速测定

In this paper,Eddy Correlation (EC) method was employed to measure the latent heat and CO₂ flux density and to calculate Water Use Efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat community in Yucheng district,Shandong Province in 1997.The results showed that the CO₂ flux density had an obvious diurnal change,with a maximum about1.5 mg·s^-1·m^-2,which appeared at about 9:00～10:00 am in general.The WUE of wheat community presented a fall trend from morning to afternoon,and the CO₂ flux density and WUE also had an obvious seasonal change,being lower in the early and late growth stages,and higher in the middle growth stage.The ranges of daily mean CO₂ flux density and WUE were 0.2～0.9 mg·s^-1·m^-2 and 5～20 gCO₂·kg^-1 H₂O,respectively.     

作物群体CO2通量和水分利用效率的快速测定

In this paper, Eddy Correlation (EC) method was employed to measure the latent heat and CO2 flux density and to calculate Water Use Efficiency (WISE) of winter wheat community in Yucheng district, Shandong Province in 1997. The results showed that the CO2 flux density had an obvious diurnal change, with a maximum aboutl. 5 mg·s^-1·m^-2, which appeared at about 9 : 00-10 : 00 am in general. The WUE of wheat community presented a fall trend from morning to afternoon, and the CO2 flux density and WUE also had an obvious seasonal change, being lower in the early and late growth stages, and higher in the middle growth stage. The ranges of daily mean CO2 flux density and WUE were 0.2 - 0.9 mg·s^-1·m^-2 and 5 - 20 gCO2·kg^-1 1H2O, respectively.     

植物叶绿素含量的遥感模型及用陆地卫星数据所作的二维分布图

为了确定全球和区域尺度的植物叶绿素含量的多少和分布,遥感方法是一种很好的途径。有些遥感科学家直接利用归一化植被指数(NDVI)等植被指数推算叶绿素含量。实践表明,这种做法的缺点有:1.植被指数NDVI中的近红外波段反射率与叶绿素含量基本无关,这样NDVI中的主信息并没有表达叶绿素含量,其信噪比显著降低;2.存在明显的信息不确定性,同一个植被指数NDVI可能有两种状态:较高叶面积指数伴有较低叶绿素含量或者是较低叶面积指数伴有较高叶绿素含量。通过实践,作者推导出可用LANDSAT和NOAA影像图灰度值推算植被叶绿素含量遥感模型。并在中国科学院禹城遥感实验场实际应用中得到验证:用其模型推算植被叶绿素含量的精度比NDVI有较明显提高,不确定性有明显的降低。     

植被指数的抗大气影响探讨

提出一个应用方便的标准化差值植被指数（ＮＤＶＩ）的大气纠正方法。在大气阻抗植被指数（ＡＲＶＩ）的基础上,运用大气下向光谱的同步实例值以及大气辐射传输方程,得到纠正ＮＤＶＩ的关键参数γ↑。改进了ＡＲＶＩ的γ↑始终等于１ 的计算方法。同时也不必采用５ｓ模型进行预处理。所得新的抗大气影响植被指数（ＩＡＶＩ）为：ρｎｉｒ－ 〔ρｒ－ γ↑（ρｂ－ ρｒ）〕ρｎｉｒ＋ 〔ρｒ＋ γ↑（ρｂ－ ρｒ）〕。式中的γ↑值的变化范围可从０．６５ 到１．２１ 之间。对于混浊大气γ↑值随观测角变化更大。还提供了一组根据气象资料计算γ↑值的近似公式。根据应用表明ＩＡＶＩ比ＮＤＶＩ有明显的抗大气影响效果