Secretory/releasing proteome-based identification of plasma biomarkers in HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

For successful therapy, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) must be detected at an early stage. Herein, we used a proteomic approach to analyze the secretory/releasing proteome of HCC tissues to identify plasma biomarkers. Serum-free conditioned media (CM) were collected from primary cultures of cancerous tissues and surrounding noncancerous tissues. Proteomic analysis of the CM proteins permitted the identification of 1365 proteins. The enriched molecular functions and biological processes of the CM proteins, such as hydrolase activity and catabolic processes, were consistent with the liver being the most important metabolic organ. Moreover, 19% of the proteins were characterized as extracellular or membrane-bound. For validation, secretory proteins involved in transforming growth factor-β signaling pathways were validated in plasma samples. Alphafetoprotein (AFP), metalloproteinase (MMP)1, osteopontin (OPN), and pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein (PSG)9 were significantly increased in HCC patients. The overall performance of MMP1 and OPN in the diagnosis of HCC remained greater than that of AFP. In addition, this study represents the first report of MMP1 as a biomarker with a higher sensitivity and specificity than AFP. Thus, this study provides a valuable resource of the HCC secretome with the potential to investigate serological biomarkers. MMP1 and OPN could be used as novel biomarkers for the early detection of HCC and to improve the sensitivity of biomarkers compared with AFP.     

Three-dimensional structure determination of capsid of Aedes albopictus C6/36 cell densovirus

Apreviously-unknownviruswasfoundchroni-callyinfectingC6/36cellsthatwereusedtoculturedenguevirus.Afterisolationandpurification,RT,PCRandsequencingwereperformedwithrandomprimers.TheresultsshowthattheviralgenomeisssDNAandis4096ntinlength(GenBankAccessionNo.AY095351).Thenucleicacidsequenceofthispreviously-undescribedvirussharesabout90%iden-titywiththatofAedesaegyptidensonucleosisvirusandtheaminoacidsequencesofthreeproteinsen-codedbythenucleicacidshareabout89%—93%identitieswiththoseofAedesa…     

不同预处理及发酵方式对提高蔗渣发酵产物蛋白含量的研究

采用不同的预处理方法对蔗渣进行预处理,并测定了其各个组分的含量。利用霉菌对蔗渣进行微生物降解,并讨论了不同发酵方式对产物中蛋白含量的影响。结果表明,木霉与热带假丝酵母共发酵时蛋白含量最高,为17．74％。     

浅析我国海洋生物制药现状及发展策略

我国海洋资源十分丰富,海洋生物制药开发利用前景广阔。该文通过文献研究法列举了我国海洋生物制药产业目前在研发与利用方面所取得的成果,分析了我国当前在海洋生物制药发展存在的问题,提出了从人才、技术、环境等方面进一步发展我国海洋生物制药产业的相关策略。     

人工湿地系统对污水磷的净化效果

建立以亚热带湿生、水生植物为主的十二套下流行一上流－上行流人工湿地系统作为处理城镇生活污水的对策。以其中四套研究其在不同的水力负荷及气候条件下对污水中磷的去除效果。人工湿地系统随处理运行时间的推移趋于稳定,对污水中的总磷、无机磷显示较好的净化效率,平均去除率在冬季达到４０％以上,夏季达到６０％以上,出水达到国家地面水Ⅲ级标准。水生植物在系统中起到明显作用,有植物系统的除磷效率及稳定性均高于无植物对照,其中２号茭白－石菖蒲系统的效果最好,总磷平均去除率为６５％。４号9蔗－苔草系统在高水力负荷下的净效果优于２号。水力负荷的增加对系统的净效果没有明显影响。     

表观遗传相关药物对癌症的治疗

表观遗传变化是指核酸序列不发生变化的情况下发生的可遗传变化。表观遗传变化在癌症发生和恶性转移的过程中发挥着重要的作用。目前,已有数种表观药物通过FDA认证并用于癌症的治疗,主要为DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂和组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂;还有许多的新型表观药物处于实验室或者临床试验阶段,包括组蛋白乙酰化酶、组蛋白甲基化酶、组蛋白去甲基化酶以及表观解读蛋白的小分子抑制剂,它们都表现出显著的抗肿瘤活性。该文对这些表观修饰小分子抑制剂的最新进展和将来的应用前景进行了整理、总结。     

Herbicidal Activity of Toxin from Fusarium avenaceum GD-2 against Wild Oats (Avena fatua L.)

The herbicidal activity potential of toxin from Fusarium avenaceum GD-2 was evaluated against wild oats (Avena fatua L.) in this study. The toxin was assayed in vitro to evaluate its inhibition against seed germination of A. fatua. The toxin of F. avenaceum GD-2 was shown to have an inhibitory effect of around 77.54% at 5 mg/mL against germination of A. fatua seeds. The inhibitory effect shown by the toxins against radicle had higher activity than plumule under the same concentration. The toxin of F. avenaceum GD-2 significantly diminished the plant length the part on the ground with various treatments when treated with the toxin under greenhouse conditions. However, there were no significantly different reductions in plant length and the weed fresh weight with different treatments. In detached leaf injection bioassay, the toxic metabolite was characterized after the culture filtrates crude extraction with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The residues left after solvent evaporation were evaluated separately for their toxicity against the target weed. Residue (5 mg/mL) obtained from n butanol fraction showed the highest toxic activity when compared with others. Moreover, a host range experiments on the sensitivity of 10 plant species revealed that barnyard grasses and goosefeet were more sensitive to the toxin of the culture filtrate. Three herbicidal active compounds were isolated and purified from cultural filtrate with the same UV absorption peak. The recent results showed potential for the development of the toxins produced by F. avenaceum GD-2 as a bio herbicidal source to control and eliminate A. fatua weed.