紫草的化学成分及其药理活性研究概况

本文对国内外有关药用植物紫草的化学成分、它们的提取分离及生物合成以及药理活性等方面的研究进行了综述，为研究和开发利用紫草提供依据。  

对根癌农杆菌vir区基因具诱导作用的水稻信号分子的分离和确定

以农杆菌vir::lacZ融合基因系统作为检测手段,确定在水稻(Oryza sati-va L.cv.IR72)幼穗分化期至抽穗扬花期的叶片抽提液中含有2种高效诱导农杆菌vir区基因表达的信号分子.这2种信号分子与乙酸丁香酮(AS)的诱导作用极为相似.经过红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱、核磁共振、异核多量子相干相关谱,异核多键相关谱等波谱分析,确定这2种信号分子的化学结构分别为:5,7,4′-三羟基-3′,5′-二甲氧基黄酮(俗称小麦黄素),和5,4′-二羟基-3′,5′-二甲氧基-7-(β-D葡萄糖基)黄酮.研究结果证明:单子叶植物中确实含有高效诱导农杆菌vir区基因表达的信号分子,单子叶植物难以被农杆菌转化不是由于单子叶植物中缺乏诱导vir区基因表达的信号分子,而由于这类信号分子仅在单子叶植物中特定时期和特定部位中产生.  

波伦鳞花软珊瑚的一种新型二萜糖甙

从中国南海波伦鳞花软珊瑚的乙醇提取物中分离和纯化得到一种浅黄色固体，经光谱分析和化学转化确定了它的化学结构，命名为波伦鳞花软珊瑚甙D(Lemnabourside D)。采用MTT法实验结果表明该化合物对腹水型肝癌(HepA)，肉瘤(S180A)和艾氏腹水癌(EAC)细胞具有较强的细胞毒性。  

Identification of rice (Oryza sativa L.) signal factors capable of inducing Agrobacterium vir gene expression

Two kinds of signal factors capable of inducing Agrobaorerium vir gene expression were purified and identified from leaf extracts of panicle-differentiating to flowering stage of rice (Oryza saliva L. cv. IR 72) detected by Agrobacterium vir(?) lacZ. fusion genes. The induction was similar to that observed with 5 μm actosyringone (AS). Based on the comprehensive analysis of the data by UV, IR, NMR, MS, HMQC and HMBC, the structures of these two signal factors are identified as 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-3', 5'-dimethoxy-flavone (named tricin) and 5, 4' -dihydroxy-3', 5' -dimethoxy-7- (β-D-glucosyloxy) -flavone, respectively. These results demonstrate that monocotyledonous plants do contain highly efficient vir gene inducing factors of Agrobacterium, and the reason why monocotyledonous plants are difficult to transform by Ayrobacterium is not due to absence of vir gene inducing factors, but due to the signal factors only produced in specific stage and tissue of monocotyledonous plants