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1.
Michinari Hamaguchi Koichiro Maeno Yoshiyuki Nagai Masao Iinuma Tetsuya Yoshida Toshisada Matsumoto 《Microbiology and immunology》1980,24(1):51-63
When p-fluorophenylalanine (FPA) was added to influenza virus RI/5+-infected cells 4 hr after infection, virus-specific proteins were synthesized but infectious progeny virus was not produced. In these cells, synthesis of viral RNA was strongly inhibited and nucleoprotein (NP) antigen was found predominantly in the nucleus in contrast to untreated cells in which NP antigen was distributed throughout the whole cell. The intracellular location and migration of NP were examined by isotope labeling followed by fractionation of infected cells. In untreated cells, a large portion of the NP was present in the cytoplasm and most of it was detected in the form of ribonucleoprotein (RNP). In contrast, in FPA-treated cells little viral RNP was detectable and NP was present predominantly in the nucleus in a nonassembled, soluble form. When FPA was removed from the culture, synthesis of viral RNA was soon restored and a large amount of viral RNP appeared in the cytoplasm; this was followed by the production of infectious virus. The results of the experiments suggest that the NP synthesized in the presence of FPA is not assembled into viral RNP because of the lack of available RNA, and such NP migrates readily into the nucleus and accumulates there. 相似文献
2.
Vichuta Lauruengtana Arisa Yanagita Tze Loon Neoh Takeshi Furuta Muneyoshi Kanai Haruyuki Iefuji Hidefumi Yoshii 《Biotechnology journal》2010,5(5):470-476
S-Adenosyl-L -methionine (SAM) is an essential metabolite in all living organisms. In clinical research, SAM has also been suggested as a chemotherapeutic agent in various diseases. The main problem of SAM is its instability at high temperatures, at neutral and alkaline pH, and in the presence of humidity. SAM retention in spray-dried powder was determined under various conditions of spray-drying. The highest SAM retention was obtained when maltodextrin (dextrose equivalent, DE, of 25) was used as the carrier solid with the SAM feed liquid at pH 4.0. The water content in the powder had a significant effect on the stability of SAM. SAM powder with lower water content exhibited higher stability. 相似文献
3.
A full-length rabbit cDNA of cardiac adriamycin responsive protein (CARP) has been cloned. It shows high levels of identity at the amino acid sequence level (>86%) with the rat, mouse and human homologues. CARP mRNA levels are highly regulated in adriamycin-cardiomyopathy in rabbits. 相似文献
4.
Yutaro Yamagata Yukiko Muramoto Sho Miyamoto Keiko Shindo Masahiro Nakano Takeshi Noda 《Microbiology and immunology》2019,63(5):164-171
Defective interfering (DI) influenza viruses carry a large deletion in a gene segment that interferes with the replication of infectious virus; thus, such viruses have potential for antiviral therapy. However, because DI viruses cannot replicate autonomously without the aid of an infectious helper virus, clonal DI virus stocks that are not contaminated with helper virus have not yet been generated. To overcome this problem, we used reverse genetics to generate a clonal DI virus with a PB2 DI gene, amplified the clonal DI virus using a cell line stably expressing the PB2 protein, and confirmed its ability to interfere with infectious virus replication in vitro. Thus, our approach is suitable for obtaining purely clonal DI viruses, will contribute to the understanding of DI virus interference mechanisms and can be used to develop DI virus‐based antivirals. 相似文献
5.
Takeshi Osawa 《Ecological Research》2013,28(4):541-541
The monitoring of species occurrences is a crucial aspect of biodiversity conservation, and regional volunteerism can serve as a powerful tool in such endeavors. The Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park in the Hakone region of Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, boasts a volunteer association of approximately 100 members. These volunteers have monitored plant species occurrences from 2001 to the present along several hiking trails in the region. In this paper, I present the annual observation records of plant occurrences in Hakone from 2001 to 2010. This data set includes 1,071 species of plants from 151 families. Scientific names follow the Y List, and this data set includes several threatened plant species. Data files are formatted based on the Darwin Core and Darwin Core Archives, which are defined by the Biodiversity Information Standards (BIS) or Biodiversity Information Standards Taxonomic Databases Working Group (TDWG). Data files filled on required and some additional item on Darwin Core. The data set can download from the author’s personal Web site as of July 2012. These data will soon be published for the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) through GBIF Japan. All users can then access the data from the GBIF portal site. 相似文献
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Abstract. A technique for fine-scale vegetation mapping with the aid of low-altitude aerial photography was developed. The procedure is as follows: 1. The site is divided into a lattice pattern - in case the site is too large to fit into a single photograph with satisfactory resolution. The coordinates of every lattice point are surveyed to be used as control points for geometric correction. A photograph of each block of the lattice is taken using a remote-controlled camera system lifted by a captive helium balloon. 2. The vegetation is classified on the basis of a phytosociological survey. 3. The shapes and locations of vegetation patches appearing in the photographs are entered into a computer, using a digitizer. A geometric correction is carried out through coordinate transformation referring to the coordinates of the control points and subsequently a draft vegetation map is produced. Finally, discrepancies are corrected and the map is coloured to produce the final version of the vegetation map. This technique was applied to vegetation mapping at a bar, 500 m wide and 2 km long, in the river Yoshino in Shikoku, Japan. A fine-scale vegetation map was obtained and used to analyse the influence of plants on geomorphic processes and community-specific hydrogeomorphic conditions on the bar. 相似文献
8.
A new snake-eel,Apterichtus keramanus, is described on the basis of a single 276-mm TL specimen trawled from the coast of Kerama Islands, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.
The species is unique in the genus in having the posterior nostril opening entirely inside the mouth and a dark band running
from the anteroventral margin of the eye to the upper lip. 相似文献
9.
Takumi Hiyoshi Hisanori Domon Tomoki Maekawa Kosuke Nagai Hikaru Tamura Naoki Takahashi Daisuke Yonezawa Tomohiro Miyoshi Akihiro Yoshida Koichi Tabeta Yutaka Terao 《Microbiology and immunology》2019,63(3-4):100-110
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is considered to be associated with periodontitis. Leukotoxin (LtxA), which destroys leukocytes in humans, is one of this bacterium's major virulence factors. Amounts of neutrophil elastase (NE), which is normally localized in the cytoplasm of neutrophils, are reportedly increased in the saliva of patients with periodontitis. However, the mechanism by which NE is released from human neutrophils and the role of NE in periodontitis is unclear. In the present study, it was hypothesized that LtxA induces NE release from human neutrophils, which subsequently causes the breakdown of periodontal tissues. LtxA‐treatment did not induce significant cytotoxicity against human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) or human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). However, it did induce significant cytotoxicity against human neutrophils, leading to NE release. Furthermore, NE and the supernatant from LtxA‐treated human neutrophils induced detachment and death of HGECs and HGFs, these effects being inhibited by administration of an NE inhibitor, sivelestat. The present results suggest that LtxA mediates human neutrophil lysis and induces the subsequent release of NE, which eventually results in detachment and death of HGECs and HGFs. Thus, LtxA‐induced release of NE could cause breakdown of periodontal tissue and thereby exacerbate periodontitis. 相似文献
10.