A study on floral biology of seedlings in vitro in Orychophragmus violaceus: Induction of flowers in seedlings of O. violaceus cultured in vitro

Seedlings of O. violaceus were cultured on MS media and treated at low temperature. Cold treatment at 5–7 °C for more than 7 days was needed for flower induction of seedlings in vitro originated from germinated seeds. When cultured on MS media supplemented with 2.5 mg l⁻¹ zeatin and 2 mg l⁻¹ gibberellin (GA₃), seedlings in vitro did initiate flowers without cold treatment. When MS media was used with a reduced amount of NH₄NO₃, flower induction of seedlings in vitro could be accelerated. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

植物染色体图象分析数据库在芸苔族分类研究中的应用

本文首次用电脑图象分析手段对芸苔族5属13种植物进行了核型分析。其中蓝花子Raphanus;sativus var．raphanistroides、白芥Sinapis alba等植物的核型分析结果,都是国内外首次报道的。笔者建立了十字花科芸苔族植物的染色体数据库,这是国内外第一个专科性的植物染色体图象分析数据库,并且首次将染色体图象分析数据库应用于分类学研究。例如,比较分析芸苔族植物种间的亲缘关系和分类地位,以及探索物种之间的演化关系,得到了若干新的核型论据。笔者认为,植物染色体图象分析数据库在植物分类学研究中具有应用前景。     

工业用油料植物播娘蒿引种初报

在四川采集到若干亚麻酸含量高的十字花科油料植物,这些植物种子的脂肪酸分析结果表明,涩荠(Malcolmia africana(L.)R.Br)和硬毛南芥(Arabis hirsuta(L.)Scop.)具有较高的亚麻酸含量,分别为57.37％和51.38％,但引种较难。播娘蒿(Decurainia sophia(L.)Webb ex Prantl)的种子含油量高,特别是红原采集的样本,其含油量达44.17％;亚麻酸含量也较高,达40.9％;引种的种子产量较高,达1264.5kg/hm~2。作者认为,这种油料植物可引种用于工业。     

芥菜型油菜与海甘蓝属间杂种的获得与鉴定

通过常规杂交,结合胚胎挽救方法,获得“泸州四棱油菜”(Brassica juncea(L.)Coss.)与海甘蓝(Crambe abyssinica Hochst.ex R.E.Fries)的属间杂种,杂种的诱导率为2.1％。杂种F_1形态分别倾向于双亲之一或介于双亲之间,后期发育延迟,叶子皱缩。F_1的花粉大小变幅很大,同时还具有父本的4沟花粉类型,占10％～15％;花粉育性很低,通过荧光素二醋酸酯(FDA)测定,有活力的花粉平均为18.5％。F_1体细胞染色体数为63,介于双亲染色体数之间,花粉母细胞具有63~I。采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直凝胶电泳,杂种F_1代的同工酶具有父本的特征酶带,这进一步说明杂种的正确性。     

Access and Identification of Intergeneric Hybrid Between Brassica juncea×Crambe abyssinica

An intergeneric hybrid between Brassica juncea (L.) Coss. x Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R. E. Fries was obtained for the first time through routine method combined with embryo rescue. The inductivity of hybrids was 2.1%. In many respects the Fl hybrid resembled either its maternal or paternal parent br both. Consequenfiy, retarded growth, wrinkled leaves and rudimentary anthers in Fl plant were observed. Fl pollen varied in size and 10% ~ 15% were of the paternal pollen type,i.e. ,4-colpate. Fl pollen viability was low and 12% ~ 25% of pollens was viable, with a mean of 18.5%. The chromosome number of Fl somatic cell was 63 which was intermediate between the two parents. Most of pollen mother cells had 63 chromosomes. Analysis of isozymes further confirmed that the F1 hybrid combined the paternal characteristic bands.