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1.
E. N. Kondratieva E. V. Zacharova V. I. Duda V. V. Krivenko 《Archives of microbiology》1989,151(2):117-122
A new anaerobic thermophilic Gram-positive, nonsporeforming bacterium strain ZE-1 was isolated from a hot spring of Kamchatka (USSR). The cells are rod-shaped, (0.5–0.8 · 2.0–20 m), non-motile. The bacterium can grow between 42 and 75°C; the optimal temperature is 65°C. The growth is possible between pH values 5.0 and 8.5; optimal pH is 7.0. The cultures grow on the media containing peptone, yeast extract, or casein hydrolysate as nitrogen sources in the presence of glucose or some other sugars, mannitol or starch. The main fermentation products of glucose are ethanol, acetate, lactate, H2, CO2; byproducts are propionic, butyric and isovaleric acids. Glucose is metabolized via Embden-Meyerhoff-Parnas pathway. Molecular hydrogen does not inhibit growth. The bacterium does not reduce aceton to isopropanol, but is able to form H2S from elemental sulfur. The bacterium contains a soluble hydrogenase. This enzyme catalyzes both evolution and uptake of H2 and is active in the presence of methyl viologen. The DNA-base composition is 34.6 mol%; the genome size 2.08x109 D. The name proposed for the isolated bacterium strain ZE-1 is Thermoanaerobium lactoethylicum spec. nov. 相似文献
2.
P Deberghes A M Betbeder F Boisard R Blanc J F Delaby S Krivobok R Steiman F Seigle-Murandi EE Creppy 《Mycotoxin Research》1995,11(1):37-47
The toxicity of ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin produced by fungi ofAspergillus orPenicillium genera is now well documented. Its nephrotoxicity, immunosuppression, teratogenicity, and carcinogenicity have been widely studied. Physical and biochemical methods have been studied to prevent these toxinogenicAspergillus andPenicillium from producing OTA, and/or to destroy the mycotoxin when already produced in a liquid or a solid medium. Repeated freezing at ? 20?C and thawing at + 26?C aleatory reduce OTA production in a liquid medium. Exposure to UV B for different periods of time is efficient in preventing OTA production in a liquid medium. Gamma-irradiation from 2 to 5 kGy gives good results in preventing the production of OTA or destroying it when already produced. Carboxypeptidase is very efficient at 5 units/50 ml in a liquid medium for cleaving the OTA already produced. 相似文献
3.
AP Shoko SM Limbu HA Lamtane MA Kishe-Machumu B Sekadende EE Ulotu 《African Journal of Aquatic Science》2019,44(1):15-24
Aquaculture practices from sub-Saharan Africa are characterised by low production, owing to improper technology. Production can be increased through integrating fish farming with other existing on-farm activities, particularly livestock husbandry. We assessed the role of fish-poultry integration on all male Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus growth performance, yields and economic benefits among smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, Tanzania. The study also compared phytoplankton species composition, abundance and biomass between the fish-poultry integration and non-integrated system. After 180 days of the experiment, all male O. niloticus cultured under fish-poultry integration exhibited significantly higher growth rates than those in the non-integrated system (p < 0.05). Gross fish yield (GFY), net fish yield (NFY) and net annual yields (NAY) obtained from fish-poultry integration were significantly higher than those from non-integrated system (p < 0.05). Partial enterprise budget analysis revealed that fish-poultry integration was more profitable than the non-integrated system. Moreover, fish-poultry integrated system produced significantly higher phytoplankton abundance and biomass than those from the non-integrated system. Results demonstrate that rural smallholder farmers can achieve higher growth rate, farm net yields and income by integrating all male O. niloticus with other on-farm activities than practising a stand-alone fish culture system. 相似文献
4.
Zavadskaya E. S. Zacharova E. S. Kadulin S. G. Kibardin A. V. Kiselev S. L. Gnuchev N. V. 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2001,37(9):1009-1013
Using the bovine S1-casein gene, a genetic construct with an endostatin-coding fragment of the mouse collagen XVIII cDNA was designed to express endostatin in milk of transgenic animals. Several transgenic mice were obtained. The mice secreted endostatin in milk at 70–300 ng/l and transmitted this character to their progeny. 相似文献
5.
Nuclear gene trees and the phylogenetic relationships of the mangabeys (Primates: Papionini) 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Phylogenetic relationships of mangabeys within the Old World monkey tribe
Papionini are inferred from analyses of nuclear DNA sequences from five
unlinked loci. The following conclusions are strongly supported, based on
congruence among trees derived for the five separate gene regions: (1)
mangabeys are polyphyletic within the Papionini; (2) Cercocebus is the
sister taxon to the genus Mandrillus; and (3) Lophocebus belongs to a clade
with Papio and Theropithecus, with Papio as its most likely sister taxon.
Morphologically based phylogenies positing mangabey monophyly were
evaluated by mapping the sequences for each locus on these trees. The data
seem to fit these trees poorly in both maximum-parsimony and likelihood
analyses. Incongruence among nuclear gene trees occurred in the
interrelationships among Lophocebus, Papio, and Theropithecus. Several
factors that may account for this incongruence are discussed, including
sampling error, random lineage sorting, and introgression.
相似文献
6.
Diversity, activity, and abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria in saline and hypersaline soda lakes
Foti M Sorokin DY Lomans B Mussman M Zacharova EE Pimenov NV Kuenen JG Muyzer G 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2007,73(7):2093-2100
Soda lakes are naturally occurring highly alkaline and saline environments. Although the sulfur cycle is one of the most active element cycles in these lakes, little is known about the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). In this study we investigated the diversity, activity, and abundance of SRB in sediment samples and enrichment cultures from a range of (hyper)saline soda lakes of the Kulunda Steppe in southeastern Siberia in Russia. For this purpose, a polyphasic approach was used, including denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of dsr gene fragments, sulfate reduction rate measurements, serial dilutions, and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Comparative sequence analysis revealed the presence of several novel clusters of SRB, mostly affiliated with members of the order Desulfovibrionales and family Desulfobacteraceae. We detected sulfate reducers and observed substantial sulfate reducing rates (between 12 and 423 micromol/dm(3) day(-1)) for most lakes, even at a salinity of 475 g/liter. Enrichments were obtained at salt saturating conditions (4 M Na(+)), using H(2) or volatile fatty acids as electron donors, and an extremely halophilic SRB, strain ASO3-1, was isolated. Furthermore, a high dsr gene copy number of 10(8) cells per ml was detected in a hypersaline lake by qPCR. Our results indicate the presence of diverse and active SRB communities in these extreme ecosystems. 相似文献
7.
Salmonella typhi (strain Ty2—4446) cultivatedin vitro within the macrophage of mice immunised twice specifically with a high dose of killed vaccine, multiplied less intensively
than in the cells of non-immunised control animals during 24 hours cultivation. In addition, a certain suppression of growth
ofSalmonella enteritidis andSalmonella suis var. Kunzendorf was observed in the macrophages of mice immunised withSalmonella typhi vaccine. Double immunisation of mice with high doses of killed vaccine fromSalmonella enteritidis andSalmonella suis led to the mice macrophages being able to suppress multiplication of both homologous microbes andSalmonella typhi. The formation of such cross resistance in mice immunised with salmonella vaccines excludes the possible participation of
O, H, and Vi antibodies in this phenomenon. 相似文献
8.
Bacterial diversity and activity along a salinity gradient in soda lakes of the Kulunda Steppe (Altai, Russia) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Foti MJ Sorokin DY Zacharova EE Pimenov NV Kuenen JG Muyzer G 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2008,12(1):133-145
Here we describe the diversity and activity of sulfate reducing bacteria along a salinity gradient in four different soda
lakes from the Kulunda Steppe (South East Siberia, Russia). For this purpose, a combination of culture-dependent and independent
techniques was applied. The general bacterial and SRB diversity were analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)
targeting the 16S rDNA gene. DNA was used to detect the microbial populations that were present in the soda lake sediments,
whereas ribosomal RNA was used as a template to obtain information on those that were active. Individual DGGE bands were sequenced
and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. In addition, the overall activity of SRB was obtained by measuring the sulfate
reduction rates (SRR) and their abundance was estimated by serial dilution. Our results showed the presence of minor, but
highly active microbial populations, mostly represented by members of the Proteobacteria. Remarkably high SRR were measured at hypersaline conditions (200 g L−1). A relatively high viable count indicated that sulfate reducing bacteria could be highly active in hypersaline soda lakes.
Furthermore, the increase of sodium carbonate/bicarbonate seemed to affect the composition of the microbial community in soda
lakes, but not the rate of sulfate reduction. 相似文献
9.
E. V. Zacharova T. I. Mitrofanova E. N. Krasilnikova E. N. Kondratieva 《Archives of microbiology》1993,160(6):492-497
Six strains of a new anaerobic thermophilic non-sporeforming bacterium were isolated in pure culture from industrial yeast biomass. Cells were rod-shaped (0.4–0.8×1.0–11.0 m), non-motile. They stained gram-negative, but outer membrane was not present. The growth occurred between 45–75 °C, the optimal temperature is 65°. Optimal pH value was 7.0–7.4. The bacterium utilized for growth several sugars, starch and yeast extract. The best source of nitrogen was peptone. The main fermentation products of glucose were ethanol, acetate, H2 and CO2. As minor products isopropanol, butanol, butyrate and lactate were found. Glucose was metabolized via the Embden-Meyerhoff pathway. Cytochromes and quinones were not found. DNA-base composition was 33.2–34.0 mol%. The DNA-DNA hybridization and 5S rRNA nucleotide sequences showed distantly related of isolated stains to phenotypical similar bacteria. It was proposed to consider the isolated bacterium as Thermohydrogenium kirishiense gen. nov. and sp. nov. 相似文献
10.
Sonia Baig Narasimhan Kothandaraman Jayapal Manikandan Li Rong Kim Huey EE Jeffrey Hill Chin Wee Lai Wan Yu Tan Felicia Yeoh Anita Kale Lin Lin Su Arijit Biswas Sheila Vasoo Mahesh Choolani 《Clinical proteomics》2014,11(1)