麦秸覆盖夏玉米对其苗期生长发育的生化他感作用研究初报

麦秸覆盖夏玉米对其苗期生长发育的生化他感作用研究初报张玉铭,马永清（中国科学院石家在农业现代化研究所,０５００２１）ＡｌｌｅｌｏｐａｔｈｉｃＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＷｈｅａｔＳｔｒａｗＭｕｌｃｈｉｎｇｏｎＳｅｅｄｌｉｎｇＧｒｏｗｔｈａｎｄＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎ...     

九株根霉可溶性蛋白和三种酶的电泳图谱比较研究

本文报导了根霉属(Rhizopus) 9个菌株天然态及解聚态可溶性蛋白、酯酶同工酶、葡萄糖淀粉酶和SOD电泳图谱的比较研究。结果表明：可溶性蛋白图谱和酯酶同工酶谱能显示五种已知供试菌种间的差异,尤其酯酶同工酶谱还能显示米根霉两个供试菌株之间的微小差异。经综合分析全部试验结果后得出的系统树图显示了9个供试菌株间的亲缘关系,并为未知菌株F1(BR12)和Q303提供了鉴定和命名依据。文中首次报导了根霉的SOD同工酶,并对蛋白质和酶电泳图谱用于根霉分类研究进行了讨论。     

应用光敏生物素标记核酸探针鉴定分枝杆菌的研究

用光敏生物素标记非结核分枝杆菌临床分离株及标准分枝杆菌全染色体ＤＮＡ制成探针,与已知标准牛分枝杆菌（ＢＣＧ株）及不同种的非结核分枝杆菌ＤＮＡ杂交,可快速将分支杆菌鉴定到种,同时以大肠埃希氏菌做阴性对照,显示良好的特异性和准确性。此种方法具有鉴定速度快、操作简便、稳定性好及对人体无害等特点,适用于结核杆菌和非结核分枝杆菌的菌种鉴定。     

A Self-Biomineralized Novel Adenovirus Vectored COVID-19 Vaccine for Boosting Immunization of Mice

Virologica Sinica - SARS-CoV-2 has caused more than 3.8 million deaths worldwide, and several types of COVID-19 vaccines are urgently approved for use, including adenovirus vectored vaccines....     

Effects of dietary L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on performance and ascites mortality of broilers

The study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary L-carnitine and coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀) supplementation on growth performance and ascites mortality of broilers. A 3 × 3 factorial arrangement was employed with three levels (0, 75 and 150 mg/kg) of L-carnitine and three levels of CoQ₁₀ (0, 20 and 40 mg/kg) supplementation during the experiment. Five hundred and forty one-day-old Arbor Acre male broiler chicks were randomly allocated into nine groups with six replicates each. All birds were fed with the basal diets from day 1 to 7 and changed to the experimental diets from day 8. During day 15 to 21 all the birds were exposed to low ambient temperature (15 - 18°C) to induce ascites. The results showed that under this condition, growth performance of broilers were not significantly affected by CoQ₁₀ or L-carnitine + CoQ₁₀ supplementation during week 0 - 3 and 0 - 6, but body weight gain (BWG) of broilers was significantly reduced by 150 mg/kg L-carnitine during week 0 - 6. Packed cell volume (PCV) of broilers was significantly decreased by L-carnitine and L-carnitine + CoQ₁₀ supplementation (P < 0.05). Erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF), ascites heart index (AHI) and ascites mortality of broilers were significantly decreased by L-carnitine, CoQ₁₀ and L-carnitine + CoQ₁₀ supplementation. Though no significant changes were observed in total antioxidative capability (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) was increased by L-carnitine, CoQ₁₀ and L-carnitine + CoQ₁₀ supplementation (P < 0.05). Malonaldehyde (MDA) content was significantly decreased by CoQ₁₀ and L-carnitine + CoQ₁₀ supplementation. The results indicate that dietary L-carnitine and CoQ₁₀ supplementation reduce ascites mortality of broilers; the reason may be partially associated with their antioxidative effects.     

Reexamination of structures,stabilities, and electronic properties of holmium-doped silicon clusters HoSi<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis></Subscript> (<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis> = 12–20)

The total energies, growth patterns, equilibrium geometries, relative stabilities, hardnesses, intramolecular charge transfer, and magnetic moments of HoSi _n (n?=?12–20) clusters have been reexamined theoretically using two different density functional schemes in combination with relativistic small-core Stuttgart effective core potentials (ECP28MWB) for the Ho atoms. The results show that when n?=?12–15, the most stable structures are predicted to be exohedral frameworks with a quartet ground state, but when n?=?16–20, they are predicted to be endohedral frameworks with a sextuplet ground state. These trend in stability across the clusters (gauged from their dissociation energies) was found to be approximately the same regardless of the DFT scheme used in the calculations, with HoSi₁₃, HoSi₁₆, HoSi₁₈, and HoSi₂₀ calculated to be more stable than the other clusters. The results obtained for cluster hardness indicated that doping the Ho atom into Si₁₃ and Si₁₆ leads to the most stable HoSi _n clusters, while doping Ho into the other Si _n clusters increases the photochemical sensitivity of the cluster. Analyses of intracluster charge transfer and magnetic moments revealed that charge always shifts from the Ho atom to the Si _n cluster during the creation of exohedral HoSi _n (n?=?12–15) structures. However, the direction of charge transfer is reversed during the creation of endohedral HoSi _n (n?=?16–20) structures, which implies that Ho acts as an electron acceptor when it is encapsulated in the Si _n cage. Furthermore, when the most stable exohedral HoSi _n (n?=?12–15) structures are generated, the 4f electrons of Ho are virtually unchanged and barely participate in intracluster bonding. However, in the most stable endohedral HoSi _n (n?=?16–20) frameworks, a 4f electron does participate in bonding. It does this by transferring to the 5d orbital, which hybridizes with the 6s and 6p orbitals and then interacts with Si valence sp orbitals. Meanwhile, the total magnetic moments of the HoSi _n (n?=?16–20) clusters are considerably higher than those of HoSi _n (n?=?12–15). Interestingly, the endohedral HoSi₁₆ and HoSi₂₀ clusters can be viewed as the most suitable building blocks for novel high-density magnetic storage nanomaterials and for novel optical and optoelectronic photosensitive nanomaterials, respectively.     

Comparison of Risk Factor between Lacunar Stroke and Large Artery Atherosclerosis Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study in China

Background

Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality in China. Although most subtypes of ischemic stroke share similar risk factors, they have different etiologies. Our study aimed to evaluate the different risk factor profiles between the stroke subtypes, lacunar infarcts (LI) and large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA), and clarify the characteristics of current acute ischemic stroke in China.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of 1982 patients with acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to the neurology department at the Peking University First Hospital between 2007 and 2014. Ischemic stroke was further classified into LAA, LI, cardioembolism (CE) and undetermined causes of infarction (UDI) according to TOAST classification. Demographic characteristics, risk factors, as well as the findings of laboratory and imaging tests of 1773 patients with LAA and LI, were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic analysis.

Results

Of the 1982 ischemic stroke patients included in this study, 1207 were diagnosed with LAA, 566 with LI, 173 with cardioembolism (CE) and 36 with undetermined causes of infarction (UDI). By comparing the risk factors in multivariate logistic regression analysis, hypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 1.832] and white matter leukoaraiosis (WML) (OR = 1.865) were found to be more strongly correlated with LI than LAA. Low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-c) (OR = 0.774) were more strongly related to LAA than LI.

Conclusions

This study found that hypertension and WML were more strongly correlated with LI than LAA. LDL-c was more strongly related to LAA than LI.     

Assay of fluoride by a novel organic–inorganic mesoporous nano‐sized sensor

In this report, we prepared a novel mesoporous silica nanostructure for selective detection of fluoride through ultraviolet absorption and emission changes. In the sensing system, a silica coupling reagent (3‐(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate) linked 1‐naphthylamine has been covalently grafted onto the mesopores of inorganic network. These specially designed nanospheres can recognize fluoride from other anions based on hydrogen bond interactions. This approach may provide new opportunities for designing related sensing systems with enhanced physical or chemical properties. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.