Research on dance lower extremity joint motion has been limited. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the lower limb biomechanics differences between the side chasse step (SCS) and the bounce step (BS) of the second landing phase in Jive. Thirteen female recreational Latin dancers (Age: 22 ± 2.5 years; Height: 1.65 ± 0.05 m; Weight: 50 ± 4.5 kg; Dance experience: 4 ± 2 years) were involved in the experiment. The same music was used throughout the data collection period. We intended to determine whether these two steps generate different kinematic and kinetic data. The ankle, hip, and knee joint angle, moment, velocity, and ground reaction force were calculated for each step. Results demonstrated that the lower limb biomechanics of the two different steps showed significant differences. As a result, strengthening the lower limb muscles (gastrocnemius, Tibialis muscle, and quadriceps) is significantly important to balance the joint strength and prevent foot injury. According to the training time reasonably increasing the heel height should be recognized as important. The current study could provide new insights into reducing lower extremity injuries and improving dance performance. 相似文献
Urease B is an important virulence factor that is required for Helicobacter pylori to colonise the gastric mucosa. Mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that inhibit urease B enzymatic activity will be useful
as vaccines for the prevention and treatment of H. pylori infection. Here, we produced murine mAbs against urease B that neutralize the enzyme's activity. We mapped their epitopes
by phage display libraries and investigated the immunogenicity of the selected mimotopes in vivo. 相似文献
To obtain information about the interaction of tropomyosin (Tm) with actin associated with the regulatory states of the muscle thin filament, we used luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) between Tb(3+) as a donor and rhodamine as an acceptor. A novel Tb(3+) chelator, S-(2-nitro-5-thiobenzoate)cysteaminyl-DTPA-Cs124, was synthesized, which specifically labels Cys groups in proteins. With the Tb chelate as the donor and tetramethylrhodamine-5-maleimide as the acceptor, both bound to specific Cys groups of Tm, we obtained 67 A as the distance between Tm's across the actin filament, a much shorter value than that obtained from structural studies (72-86 A). The difference appears to be due to submillisecond motion associated with Tm flexibility, which brings the probes closer during the millisecond lifetime of the donor. Ca(2+) did not change the energy transfer with the reconstituted thin filament, but myosin subfragment 1 decreased the transfer, consistent with either a 5-6 A increase in distance or, more likely, a decrease in flexibility. 相似文献
We have investigated the inhibition by SulA of the assembly of Escherichia coli FtsZ. Using quantitative GTPase and fluorescence assays, we found that SulA inhibition resulted in an increase in the apparent critical concentration for FtsZ assembly. The increase in apparent critical concentration was always less than the total amount of SulA added, suggesting that the association of SulA and FtsZ was of modest affinity. Isothermal titration calorimetry gave a value of 0.78 μM for the dissociation constant of the FtsZ-SulA complex, similar in magnitude to the 0.72 μM critical concentration of FtsZ protofilament assembly at steady state. We modeled the reaction as an equilibrium competition between (a) FtsZ subunits assembling onto protofilaments or (b) binding SulA. When FtsZ was assembled in GMPCPP or in EDTA, the inhibition by SulA was reduced. The reduced inhibition could be explained by a 3- and 10-fold weaker binding of SulA to FtsZ. The mutant D212G, which has no GTPase activity and therefore minimal subunit cycling, was shown here to assemble one-stranded protofilaments, and the assembly was blocked by SulA. We also assayed the SulA and FtsZ proteins from Pseudomonas. The SulA inhibition was stronger than with the E. coli proteins, and the model indicated a 5-fold higher affinity of Pseudomonas SulA for FtsZ. 相似文献
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, and repetitive or restricted interests and behaviors. Membrane proteins are a significant part of the proteins in cell and play key functions in synaptic transmission. We have recently shown that neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expression was reduced in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) of mice following postnatal valproic acid (VPA) exposure. In the current study, we utilized a label-free proteomics approach to identify and quantify surface protein expression in nNOS-positive interneurons between VPA-treated and control mice. Western blot was used to confirm the expression of selected membrane proteins. Our proteomics data revealed differentially expressed surface proteins in nNOS interneurons, e.g. Narp, AMPA-type glutamate (AMPA) receptor subunit GluA4 and Protein kinase C gamma (PKCγ), which were validated by Western blotting in mice treated with VPA. This work will pave the way for further elucidation of the mechanisms of these differentially membrane proteins in nNOS interneurons-medicated ASD.
With the increasing emergence of substandard ships sailing under the flag state's ineffective control and the growing number of accidents that negatively affect the marine environment and the maritime order, port states, coastal states, and international organizations have begun to develop new regimes to increase their control over ships. As a result, the authority of flag states is increasingly being challenged, seemingly calling into question the primary jurisdiction and control of flag states over their ships. The aim of this article is to promote a better understanding of the relationship between flag state, coastal state, and port state control. 相似文献