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Catherine Ronin Herman van Halbeek Johannah GM Mutsaers Johannes F G Vliegenthart 《Glycoconjugate journal》1987,4(3):247-254
The lipid-linked precursor ofN-type glycoprotein oligosaccharides was isolated from porcine thyroid microsomes after in cubation with UDP[3H] Glucose. The carbohydrate was released from dolichol pyrophosphate by mild acid hydrolysis, purified by gel filtration and characterized by 500-MHz1H-NMR spectroscopy in combination with enzymatic degradation. The parent oligosaccharide was found to be Glc3Man9Glc-NAc2. The three glucose residues are present in the linear sequence Glcα1-2Glα1-3 Glc, the latter being α(1-3)-linked to one of the mannose residues. In order to establish the branch location of the triglucosyl unit, the parent compound was digested with jack-bean α-mannosidase. The oligosaccharide product was purified by gel filtration, and identified by1H-NMR as Glc3Man5GlcNAc2 lacking the mannose residues A, D2, B and D3. Therefore, the structure of the precursor oligosaccharide is as follows: $$\begin{gathered} c b a D_1 C 4 \hfill \\ Glc\alpha 1 - 2Glc\alpha 1 - 3Glc\alpha 1 - 3Man\alpha 1 - 2Man\alpha 1 - 2Man\alpha 1 \hfill \\ 3 \swarrow 3 2 1 \hfill \\ Man\alpha 1 - 2Man\alpha 1 Man\beta 1 - 4GlcNAc\beta 1 - 4GlcNAc \hfill \\ D_{2 } A 3 6 \hfill \\ Man\alpha 1 \hfill \\ 6 \hfill \\ Man\alpha 1 - 2Man\alpha 1 \nwarrow 4 \hfill \\ D_3 B \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ 相似文献
3.
Experiments were conducted with segments of corn roots to investigate whether nitrate reductase (NR) is compartmentalized in particular groups of cells that collectively form the root symplastic pathway. A microsurgical technique was used to separate cells of the epidermis, of the cortex, and of the stele. The presence of NR was determined using in vitro and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In roots exposed to 0.2 millimolar NO3− for 20 hours, NR was detected almost exclusively in epidermal cells, even though substantial amounts of NO3− likely were being transported through cortical and steler cells during transit to the vascular system. Although NR was present in all cell groups of roots exposed to 20.0 millimolar NO3−, the majority of the NR still was contained in epidermal cells. The results are consistent with previous observations indicating that limited reduction of endogenous NO3− occurs during uptake and reduction of exogenous NO3−. Several mechanisms are advanced to account for the restricted capacity of cortical and stelar cells to induce NR and reduce NO3−. It is postulated that (a) the biochemical system involved in the induction of NR in the cortex and stele is relatively insensitive to the presence of NO3−, (b) the receptor for the NR induction response and the NR protein are associated with cell plasmalemmae and little NO3− is taken up by cells of the cortex and stele, and/or (c) NO3− is compartmentalized during transport through the symplasm, which limits exposure for induction of NR and NO3− reduction. 相似文献
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O. H. Volk 《Plant Ecology》1984,55(1):57-64
Three associations of the Nanocyperion teneriffae Lebrun 1947 (Sporoboletalia festivi Lebrun 1947) are described. They are physiognomically and ecologically similar to associations of the Mediterranean Isoeto-Nanojuncetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1943 and Helianthemetalia guttati Br.-Bl. 1940. They are rich in very specialized therophytes and resurrection plants.
Meinem Lehrer H. Walter, Stuttgart gewidmet. 相似文献
7.
We report here on a new 135-kd membrane protein which is specifically associated with intercellular adherens-type junctions. This surface component was identified by a monoclonal antibody, ID-7.2.3, raised against detergent-extracted components of membranes of chicken cardiac muscle rich in intercalated discs. The antibodies stain extensively adherens junctions in intact cardiac muscle and in lens, as well as in cultured cells derived from these tissues. In living cultured cells only very little immunolabelling was obtained with ID-7.2.3 antibodies, probably due to the limited accessibility of the antibodies to the intercellular gap. However, upon the removal of extracellular Ca2+ ions a dissociation of the junction occurred, leading to the rapid exposure of the 135-kd protein. Immunoelectron microscopic labelling of EGTA-treated, or detergent-permeabilized cells indicated that the antigen is found along the plasma membrane and highly enriched in contact areas. Double immunolabelling for both the 135-kd protein and vinculin pointed to the close association of the two in intercellular junctions and to the apparent absence of the former protein from the vinculin-rich focal contacts of cultured cells and from dense plaque of smooth muscle. Immunoblotting indicated that the 135-kd protein is present in many tissues but is particularly enriched in heart, lens and brain. 相似文献
8.
Differential Inhibition by Ferulic Acid of Nitrate and Ammonium Uptake in Zea mays L 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The influence of the allelopathic compound ferulic acid (FA) on nitrogen uptake from solutions containing both NO3− and NH4+ was examined in 8-day-old nitrogen-depleted corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings. Concurrent effects on uptake of Cl− and K+ also were assessed. The presence of 250 micromolar FA inhibited the initial (0-1 hours) rate of NO3− uptake and also prevented development of the NO3−-inducible accelerated rate. The pattern of recovery when FA was removed was interpreted as indicating a rapid relief of FA-restricted NO3− uptake activity, followed by a reinitiation of the induction of that activity. No inhibition of NO3− reduction was detected. Ammonium uptake was less sensitive than NO3− uptake to inhibition by FA. An inhibition of Cl− uptake occurred as induction of the NO3− transport system developed in the absence of FA. Alterations of Cl− uptake in the presence of FA were, therefore, a result of a beneficial effect, because NO3− uptake was restricted, and a direct inhibitory effect. The presence of FA increased the initial net K+ loss from the roots during exposure to the low K, ammonium nitrate uptake solution and delayed the recovery to positive net uptake, but it did not alter the general pattern of the response. The implications of the observations are discussed for growth of plants under natural conditions and cultural practices that foster periodic accumulation of allelopathic substances. 相似文献
9.
The formation of the riboflavin precursor, 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine, from 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione requires a phosphorylated 4-carbon intermediate which has been designated as Compound X (Neuberger, G., and Bacher, A. (1985) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 127, 175-181). The enzyme catalyzing the formation of Compound X has been purified about 600-fold from the cell extract of the flavinogenic yeast Candida guilliermondii by chromatographic procedures. The purified protein appeared homogeneous as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and consisted of a single polypeptide of 24 kDa. The committed substrate of the enzyme was identified as D-ribulose 5-phosphate. The enzyme yields two products which were identified as L-3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate and formate by NMR and CD spectroscopy. Mg2+ is required for activity. 相似文献
10.
The effect of rubomycin (daunorubicin) and its nitroxyl derivative, ruboxyl, on respiration and oxidative phosphorylation of the rat liver mitochondria was comparatively studied. It was shown that ruboxyl had a more pronounced uncoupling effect than rubomycin, especially during respiration in the presence of the glutamate mixture with malate. Unlike rubomycin, ruboxyl in concentrations of 0.05 to 0.5 mM induced stimulation under metabolic conditions rather than respiration. When the antibiotic concentration increased ruboxyl started to inhibit the respiration as compared to the control and the inhibition level appeared to be higher than that induced by rubomycin. Possible mechanisms for decreasing rubomycin toxicity by its modification with the nitroxyl radical are discussed. 相似文献