Effect of Synthetic Auxin Analogs (2.4-D and α-NAA) on Growth and Biosynthetic Characteristics of Suspension Cell Culture of Tribulus terrestris L.

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology - Effect of synthetic analogs of auxins—2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2.4-D) and α-naphthylacetic (α-NAA) acids—on growth characteristics and...     

Hormone-dependent insertional Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with decreased viability and fertility

We present data on the phenotype identification and genetic analysis of offspring in three lines of dominant morphological mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana having drastically reduced fertility (a sterile calluslike mutant, a flower mutant, and a dwarf mutant) and in five lines of recessive morphological mutants (four mutants with lethal seedlings and one pigmentation mutant). The mutants were selected from a collection of transgenic plants that had genomes carrying a T-DNA insertion of plasmid vectors pLD3 and pPCVRN4; the collection was created earlier via agrobacterial transformation of germinating seeds. The results presented here were obtained using compensation of hormonal imbalance in the insertional morphological mutants of A. thaliana by exogenous hormones.     

Saving insertional recessive lethal mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

A group of 13 recessive lethal mutants was selected on the basis of the collection of Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants with insertions of T-DNA vector plasmid pLD3 or pPCVRN4, which was produced by agrobacterial transformation of germinating seeds. The use of media containing exogenous hormones made it possible to compensate the lethal effect, identify phenotypes, and characterize six lines of recessive lethal germlings using genetic and molecular-genetic methods.     

Pscroph,a parasitic plant EST database enriched for parasite associated transcripts

Background  

Parasitic plants in the Orobanchaceae develop invasive root haustoria upon contact with host roots or root factors. The development of haustoria can be visually monitored and is rapid, highly synchronous, and strongly dependent on host factor exposure; therefore it provides a tractable system for studying chemical communications between roots of different plants.     

Identification of the Gene Whose Mutation Leads to the Appearance of Recessive Lethal Germlings in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis thaliana</Emphasis>

The data are presented on genetic and molecular-genetic analysis of a mutant from the collection of morphological insertion mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana we obtained earlier, which belongs to the phenotypic class of recessive lethal germlings. A nucleotide DNA sequence, 147 bp in size, was identified, which adheres to the left border area of T-DNA insertion. The site of localization of the insertion was determined using computer analysis.__________Translated from Ontogenez, Vol. 36, No. 3, 2005, pp. 222–224.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Ogarkova, Tomilov, Tomilova, Tarasov.     

The effect of a preparation from Chaetomium fungi on the growth of phytopathogenic fungi

We studied the fungicidal activity of a biological preparation from the fungi of the genus Chaetomium against soil phytopathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum. The inhibitory effect of the preparation under study depended on its concentration, duration of storage, and growth characteristics of pure cultures of the phytopathogens. The highest (98.8%) inhibitory activity was observed on the third day of the interaction with Rhizoctonia solani. After a 2-year storage, this preparation was capable of inhibiting the growth of phytopathogens only at high doses. The preparation precluded the development of a bare patch but increased the productivity of potato plants. The preparation may serve as an alternative to chemical fungicides for plant protection.     

Replication slippage may cause parallel evolution in the secondary structures of mitochondrial transfer RNAs

Presence of the dihydrouridine (D) stem in the mitochondrial cysteine tRNA is unusually variable among lepidosaurian reptiles. Phylogenetic and comparative analyses of cysteine tRNA gene sequences identify eight parallel losses of the D-stem, resulting in D-arm replacement loops. Sampling within the monophyletic Acrodonta provides no evidence for reversal. Slipped-strand mispairing of noncontiguous repeated sequences during replication or direct replication slippage can explain repeats observed within cysteine tRNAs that contain a D-arm replacement loop. These two mechanisms involving replication slippage can account for the loss of the cysteine tRNA D-stem in several lepidosaurian lineages, and may represent general mechanisms by which the secondary structures of mitochondrial tRNAs are altered.      

Chronobiological assessment of habitual physical activity in humans in Western Siberia

The concept of typological variability of physiological individuality was a methodological basis for chrono-physiological assessment of habitual physical activity (HPA) and heart rate (HR) in individuals with different functional types of constitution (FTC) (low HPA (FTC-1), medium HPA (FTC-2), and high HPA (FTC-3)) living at different latitudes of West Siberia (Tyumen, 57°09’N; Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug (KhMAO)–Yugra, 61°00’N; and Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YaNAO), 63°12’N). The typical chronostructure of the circadian rhythm of HPA and HR was established for each FTC under the conditions of both mid-latitude (Tyumen) and northern regions. The regional differences were determined too. Compared to the mid-latitude parameters, the chrono-physiological assessment of typological variability of HPA and HR in FTC-1, FTC-2 and FTC-3 subjects living under the climatic and geographical conditions of KhMAO–Yugra and YaNAO in each respective group demonstrated a decrease in the midline-estimating statistic of rhythm (MESOR) and energy intensity of the circadian rhythm, an increase in the proportion of ultradian rhythms, differences in the time of HPA and HR acrophases, a decrease in synchronization and coherence indices, as well as a higher coefficient of the number of heart beats per locomotion and a lower circadian index. All of the above parameters of northerners with each FTC, with regard for the general principles of modern approaches, are not pathologies but rather regional characteristics that should be taken into consideration in the assessment of general state of health and prenosological diagnostics; they were the basis for using chronoprevention and time correction of reduced physical activity.     

Two Radix spp. (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) endemic to thermal springs around Lake Baikal represent ecotypes of the widespread Radix auricularia

In this study, we re‐examine two species of freshwater gastropods of the genus Radix Montfort, 1810 (family Lymnaeidae), endemic to the geothermal springs in the Lake Baikal region in the southern part of eastern Siberia — Lymnaea (Radix) hakusyensis Kruglov et Starobogatov, 1989, and Lymnaea (Radix) thermobaicalica Kruglov et Starobogatov, 1989. The alleged species status of these endemics has been re‐assessed by means of an integrative approach combining molecular genetic taxonomy techniques with the traditional methods based on shell and soft body morphology. Phylogenetic reconstructions were made using both mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (ITS2) DNA markers. We used topotypic samples of both species and specimens sampled from other sites around Lake Baikal. The results demonstrate that the two endemic species are only synonyms of a widespread Holarctic species, Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758), and represent its intraspecific morph (ecotype) adapted to living in thermal springs. A new synonymy is proposed: Thermoradix Kruglov et Starobogatov, 1989 = Radix Montfort, 1810 (syn. n.).